• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2002

Purpose: To evaluate cultured human artificial skin as an experimental model for studying radiation effects in vitro. Materials and Methods: The skin was constructed by culturing keratinocytes over collagen lattice which made by culturing fibroblasts. Two groups were irradiated to gamma rays at single dose of 25 Gy with or without 3.5% of DMSO. Ultrastructures were investigated by electron microscopy after irradiation. The number of epidermal layers and expression of cytokeratin (CK) 14 & 10 were also seem by light microscopy. Results: At 2 days after irradiation in experimental group without DMSO, necrotic cells were rarely found in the spinosal layer and undercornified cells were visible in the homey layer. Similar findings were also found in experimental group with DMSO but in mild form. The number of epidermal layers in experimental group without DMSO were significantly fewer than other group. CK 14 expressed in all the layer excluding homey layer but CK 10 expressed over 3∼4 basal layers. Such patterns of CK expression were similar to all groups. It is suggested that structures of the keratinocytes and epidermal formation could be disturbed by irradiation in artificial skin and that DMSO can protect these damages. Conclusion : Therefore this work could be used as an organotypic experimental model in vitro using human cells for studying radiation effect in skin. Furthermore structural findings provided in this study could be used as useful basic data in further study using this model.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2002

Drying process is very important for commercialization of velvet antlers. So far, artificial drying has mostly depended on experience of farmers resulting in low efficiency of drying, deterioration during drying, and contamination by dust and bacteria. Various drying techniques for high-quality production have currently been commercialized in some developed countries, and one of them is a drying technique using microwave. In this study, application of the technique using an electronic (microwave) oven for drying of velvet antler was investigated. The results of this study are as follows. 1. It was found that the drying period was significantly affected by cornification of velvet antlers. Accordingly, it can be assumed that the velvet antlers should partly be sliced to save drying period and required drying energy. 2. It was also found that the drying speed was changeable according to tempering period and even with same drying period. The tempering period should be controlled according to processing rate. 3. The results indicated that a repeated drying of 2-min drying and 3-min tempering is the most effective when a microwave oven was used. 4. The results also showed that the drying technique using microwave of electronic oven can be effectively used for drying of velvet antlers. 5. Only drying and tempering periods were examined in this study, however, ingredient change of deer antler after drying is necessary to be investigated in the future.