• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2017

As automotive industry develops, the demand for increasing traffic safety is growing. Lots of researches about vehicle convenience and safety technology have been implemented. Now, the autonomous driving test is being conducted all over the world, and the autonomous driving regulations are also being developed. Autonomous vehicles are being commercialized, but autonomous vehicle safety has not been guaranteed yet. This paper presents scenarios that assess the safety of autonomous vehicles by identifying the minimum requirements to ensure safety for a variety of situations on highway. In assessing driving safety, seven scenarios were totally selected. Seven scenarios were related to lane keeping and lane change performance in certain situations. These scenarios were verified by analyzing the driving data acquired through actual vehicle driving. Data analysis was implemented via computer simulation. These scenarios are developed based on existing ADAS evaluation and simulation of autonomous vehicle algorithm. Also Safety evaluation factors are developed based on ISO requirements, other papers and the current traffic regulations.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2012

PURPOSES : The lack of details of guidelines on how to install the Chicane for traffic calming leads the practical difference across the calming areas, so the benefits expected from these facilities are not hardly observed. In this context, this study analysed the relationship between the geometric design alternatives of Chicane with the dynamic behaviour of vehicles in terms of speed and trajectory. METHODS : The study analysed vehicle dynamic behaviour using dynamic analysis program Auto-Turn under various geometric conditions of Chicane. RESULTS : This study suggested the design alternatives of Chicane using terms such as "longitudinal displacement value", "lateral displacement value", etc. which are defined in the study. The suggested combination set is fulfilling the desired or target speed of vehicles and clearance between vehicle and roadside at the same time. CONCLUSIONS : The results from this study can be applied to install Chicane corresponding to the local condition where target speed is 30km/h. The study showed the design alternatives of chicane corresponding to the given road cross-sectional design and clearance to roadside for passenger cars and light truck respectively.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.237-249
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• 2016

There are constraints on truck weight, axle configurations and size imposed by departments of transportation around the globe due to structural capacity limitations of highway pavements and bridges. In spite of that, freight movers demand some vehicles that surpass the maximum size and legal weight limits to use the transportation network. Oversized trucks serve the purpose of spreading the load on the bridge; thus, reducing the load effect on the superstructure. For such vehicles, often a quick structural analysis of the existing bridges along the traveled route is needed to ensure that the structural capacity is not exceeded. For a wide vehicle having wheel gage larger than the standard 1830 mm, the girder distribution factors in the design specifications cannot be directly used to estimate the live load in the supporting girders. In this study, a simple approach that is based on finite element analysis is developed by modifying the AASHTO LRFD's girder distribution factors for slab-on-steel-girder bridges to overcome this problem. The proposed factors allow for determining the oversized vehicle bending moment and shear force effect in the individual girders as a function of the gage width characteristics. Findings of the study showed that the relationship between the girder distribution factor and gage width is more nonlinear in shear than in flexure. The proposed factors yield reasonable results compared with the finite element analysis with adequate level of conservatism.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2011년도 정기 학술대회
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• pp.324-327
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• 2011

The design requirement for ground mounted sign structures are fairly well defined in the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaries, and Traffic Signals and consists of applying an equivalent pseudo-dynamic loading to account for the dynamic effects of wind loads and ignores the dynamic effect due to moving vehicle loads. This design approach, however, should not be applied to the design of bridge mounted sign structures because ignoring the dynamic effects of the moving vehicle loads may produce non-conservative results, since the stiffness of the bridge structure can greatly influence the behavior. Not enough information is available in the literatures which provide guide lines to include the influence of moving vehicles in the design of the bridge mounted sign structures. This paper describes a theoretical methodology, Bridge-Vehicle Interaction Element, which can be utilized to account for the dynamic effect of moving vehicles. A case study is also included where this methodology was successfully applied. It was concluded that the bridge-vehicle interaction finite element developed can provide a more accurate representation of the behavior of bridge mounted sign structures. The result of these analysis enabled development of simple and effective retrofitting scheme for the existing support system of bridge-mounted-structure.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate both the occurrence status of emergency vehicles traffic accidents and contents of the experiences of emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in fire station. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 451 EMTs in fire stations in 6 cities provinces from February 9, 2017 to February 27, 2017. Results: Of 451 EMTs, 207 (45.9%) had traffic accidents experience. Regarding environment-related features, results indicated hour (12~18 hours), place (national highway), traffic flow (smooth), weather (clear), season (winter), and day (Friday). Regarding correlation analysis of differences in the number of ambulance traffic accidents pursuant to general features of accident-experienced drivers as a human factor, there were no significant differences in recruitment, driving careers of regular cars, driving careers of fire engines, and class but there were significant differences in fire-fighting careers. Accident experience in the group with careers over 6 years and less than 10 years higher than in the other groups. Conclusion: Efforts to expand fire engine driving education programs for the prevention of traffic accidents involving 119 emergency vehicles are required.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2000

The objectives of the study are to know the strain distribution and modal dynamic behaviour of steel bridge girders by actual traffic load. The live load effect depends on many parameters including the span length, gross vehicle weight, axle weight, axle configuration so on. For the estimation of static and dynamic characteristic, strain data caused by moving loads and traffic characteristics of passing vehicle under actual traffic load have measured using Bridge Weigh in Motion. To confirm the reliability of BWIM system, strain data measured using the $120{\Omega}$ strain gauge under the same condition. It is considered that the data acquired from BWIM system have reliability through the analysis and comparison between stress measured by strain data from BWIM and computed by FEM. Additionally according to the measured strain data of up-line and down-line on the highway, the up-line bridge grows more faster than the down-line bridge and girder 4 and 5 carry more load when vehicles pass the inner line and girder 2 and 3 does when vehicles pass the outer line as this case(the bridge composed with 5 girders).

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제30권1D호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2010

차종별 교통량 자료는 도로의 운영, 제어, 유지관리 계획 수립 및 과적차량 단속에도 매우 중요한 자료이다. 본 논문에서는 축검지 센서를 차량 진행방향에 대해서 경사지게 설치하고 이를 통해서 얻어지는 자료를 활용하여 차종분류 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 새로운 개발한 차종분류 알고리즘에서는 2축 차량에서 후륜 차량바퀴의 복륜 여부를 새로운 분류변수로 설정하였다. 분석대상이 차량은 1,878대로 CCTV를 활용하여 기록했으며 인력식 조사를 통하여 복륜여부와 차종을 구분하였다. 계측된 차량바퀴 접지면의 대각선 길이 성분의 크기를 입력 자료로 활용한 판별분석을 통하여 후륜바퀴가 복륜인지 단륜인지를 구분하였다. 복륜 여부만을 이용하여 차종분류를 했을 때, 차종분류의 정확도는 1종에 속하는 차량의 경우는 96.92%, 3종에 속하는 차량에서는 82.91% 그리고 4종에 속하는 차량에서는 79.13%에 이르는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.184-190
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• 2023

The European Union has instituted a new emission standard protocol that necessitates real-time measurements from vehicles on actual roads. The adequate development of routes for real driving emissions (RDE) mandates substantial resources, encompassing both vehicles and a portable emission measurement system (PEMS). In this study, a simulation tool was utilized to predict the vehicle speed traversing the routes developed for the RDE measurements. Initially, the vehicle powertrain system was modeled for both a gasoline hybrid vehicle and a gasoline engine-only vehicle. Subsequently, the speed profile for the specified vehicle was constructed based on the RDE route developed for the EURO-6 standard. Finally, the predicted vehicle speed profiles for highway and urban routes were assessed utilizing the actual driving data. The driving model predicted more consistency in the vehicle speed at each driving section. Meanwhile, the human driver tended to accelerate further, and then decelerate in each section, instead of cruising at a predicted section speed.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2024

고속도로의 효율적 운영과 지속가능한 이동환경 제공을 위해 정확한 통행실적의 파악은 필수적이다. 그러나 인프라 및 기술적 제약, 추정을 통한 기존 연구방법의 한계, 통합 빅데이터 활용의 제약 등의 이유로 즉각적이고 정확한 고속도로 통행실적 산정에 어려움이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 자동요금징수시스템, 단거리전용통신 등으로부터 수집된 실시간 빅데이터를 활용하여 개별 차량의 고속도로 기종점통행량(Origin-Destination: OD) 및 주행거리를 분석하고 이를 기반으로 고속도로 통행실적을 산정하는 방법론의 틀을 제시하였다. 특히 데이터상 하나의 통행임에도 불구하고 분할된 통행으로 나타나는 데이터상 오류를 통행궤적 및 주행특성 진단을 통해 올바르게 연결함으로써 보다 신뢰성 있는 고속도로 통행 OD를 구축하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 개별 차량의 분할된 OD 통행이 20분 내 연속되는 경우 통행연결이 필요하며 통행연결, 주행거리 산정, 누락교통량 비율 보정, 비연계 구간 연계 과정을 거쳐 전국 고속도로의 일평균 통행실적은 248,624천대·km/일로 도출되었다. 이는 도로업무편람에서 제시하는 248,166천대·km/일과 비교 시 약 458천대·km/일이 높았다. 본 연구의 결과는 기존의 조사과정에서 누락된 통행실적의 보완가능성을 보여준다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2008

최근에 가속화된 무선 통신 기술의 발달은 교통 분야에도 새로운 가능성을 제시하고 있다. 무선 통신 기술의 하나인 애드혹 네트워크(ad hoc network)는 서비스를 제공하는 시설(Infrastructure) 없이도 노드간 통신을 통하여 데이터를 교환 할 수 있는 기술이다. 특히, 차량에 의한 애드혹 네트워크를 가리키는 Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)는 주행중 차량간 통신을 가능하게 하여, 차량들 스스로 자기가 경험한 교통정보를 공유하는 분산형 교통 정보 시스템을 구성할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 VANET을 기반으로 하는 교통 정보 시스템에서 차량간 통신에 의하여 전달되는 교통정보의 전달범위를 측정하였다. 정보의 전달 범위를 측정하기 위하여 미시적 모형의 교통 시뮬레이터인 Paramics와 네트워크 시뮬레이터인 QualNet을 통합한 컴퓨터 모의실험 환경을 구축하여, 실제 도로망과 교통수요를 바탕으로 실험을 실시하였다. 결과에 의하면, 제한속도가 97km/hr(60mile/hr)인 고속도로에서 시장점유율이 10%인 경우, 5km 전방의 교통 정보를 얻는데 비혼잡시(10veh/ln.km) 약 3분, 혼잡시(40veh/ln.km) 43초 소요되었다. 즉, 비혼잡시 대부분의 교통 정보는 반대 방향으로 진행중인 차량에 의하여 전달되고, 혼잡시에는 같은 방향으로 진행하는 차량에 의한 전달 기회가 많아진다는 사실을 보여준다. 특히, 비혼잡시 낮은 시장점유율(3%)에서도 교통 정보는 효율적으로 전달되고 있었다. 본 연구에서 소개된 VANETs은 발전 가능성이 높은 기술로, 정보를 신속하게 전달할 수 있는 장점과 함께 차량과 인프라간의 통신을 위한 시설의 설치시 밀도를 결정하는데 중요한 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.