• 농업과학연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.290-297
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• 1997

Danored is considered as the most favorable grape variety for national wine manufacturing in terms of sugar, organic acid contents, annual production amount, as well as quality control convenience after harvest. This study was canied out to know the influence of suspended solid(SS) and skin contact time(SCT) with Danored variety on the white wine quality. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Suspended solid and skin contact time did not greatly influence on the chemical composition of Danored juice. But skin contact time provided slightly increaseness to the content of phenol compounds 2. Suspended solid accelerated fermentation rate of white wine manufacturing. Although the content of suspended solid are less amount than 0.3% in must, wine fermentation was completed to dryness in concentration of sugar. 3. When the content of suspended solid was around 3%, higher alcohol in white wine was increased by the 20%. This result is relatively small increasement compared to the other reported results. 4. Because Danored contained less amount of phenol compounds comparison with other grape varieties, browning capacity in white wine was much favorable to quite low concentration. Especially, phenolic compounds was decreased remarkably as one of fermentation characteristics of Danored variety. 5. As a result of sensory evaluation, wine quality was A-1> B-1> A-2> B-2 in its favorable ranking orders. It was so concluded that A-1 might be the most acceptable one from this study.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2006

This study was carried out to provide guidance to environmental policy makers when deciding which assessment fields (biotic, abiotic, qualitative, functional) should have priority for ecological preservation and to develop an objective and scientific methodology by introducing the engineering concept of the fuzzy integral. The grant of weights was used the eigenvalues calculated by factor analysis, and the converted values of indicators were obtained in multiplying the arithmetic values and eigenvalues. The results of the appropriateness and reliability of assessment fields were examined over 0.6, and the results showed that the design of questionnaire presented no great problems. When the fuzzy integral was calculated to determine the rankings at ${\lambda}$=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively, they were 0.646, 0.630, 0.943, 1.423, and 1.167 for the biotic field, 1.298, 1.400, 0.901, 0.580, and 1.456 for the abiotic field, 0.714, 0.674, 0.346, 0.674, and 1.610 in the qualitative field and 1.000, 0.973, 0.943, 1.024, and 1.008 in the functional field. The sensitivity to ${\lambda}$ value showed that ${\lambda}=4$ was the most suitable. In comparison with ${\lambda}=0$ (the arithmetic mean), the range of change was narrow. Because the range for ${\lambda}=4$ was narrower than my other values, ${\lambda}=4$ was sure to be available in ranking-decision. The fuzzy integral is expected to be a method for analyzing and filtering human thoughts. In the future, in order to overcome linguistic uncertainty and subjectivity, other fuzzy integral models including Sugeno's method, AHP, and so forth should be used.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.212-222
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• 2008

This study investigated the clothing easiness of movement when wearing casual Hanbok(Saenghwal Hanbok), as a high school student uniform, and produced some recommendations for improving the Hanbok. Casual summer-uniform Hanbok produced from different types of materials were produced for this study. They were P/R, P100, P/C, and P/R/S for the blouses, with P/W, P100, P/R, and P/W/F for the skirts. Their clothing easiness of movement were then tested at $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $50{\pm}10%$ R. H. The results were as follows: The easiness of movement for casual Hanbok was marked as $3.7l({\pm}1.03)$ on average which is higher than those of other garments, so it can be presumed that the easiness of movement for the tested clothes was quite good. The easiness of movement was lower, however, when students had their arms up front, right arms upright, arms crossed on the cheats, and bent forward whereas they were more comfortable when standing straight and sitting on a chair at 90 degrees. In terms of easiness of movement, the following ranking was revealed: waist, bust, shoulder, back, armhole, and upper arm. The easiness of movement for casual Hanbok skirts was quite good, and on average marked around $4.26({\pm}.77)$. Standing straight was the most comfortable position, when they bend forward 45 degree and 90 degree were the most uncomfortable positions. The buttocks area was also more comfortable than the waist area for casual Hanbok skirts.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2017

최근 스마트 디바이스의 급속한 발달과 보급으로 인하여 인터넷 웹상에서 등장하는 문서의 데이터는 하루가 다르게 증가 하고 있다. 이러한 정보의 증가로 인터넷 웹상에서는 대량의 문서가 증가하여 사용자가 해당 문서의 데이터를 이해하는데, 어려움을 겪고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 자동 문서 요약 분야에서 문서를 효율적으로 요악하기 위해 다양한 연구가 진행 되고 있다. 효율적으로 문서를 요약하기 위해 본 논문에서는 텍스트랭크 알고리즘을 이용한다. 텍스트랭크 알고리즘은 문장 또는 키워드를 그래프로 표현하며, 단어와 문장 간의 의미적 연관성을 파악하기 위해 그래프의 정점과 간선을 이용하여 문장의 중요도를 파악한다. 문장의 상위 키워드를 추출 하고 상위 키워드를 기반으로 중요 문장 추출 과정을 거친다. 중요 문장 추출 과정을 거치기 위해 단어 그룹화 과정을 거친다. 단어그룹화는 특정 가중치 척도를 이용하여 가중치 점수가 높은 문장을 선별하여 선별된 문장들을 기반으로 중요 문장을 중요 문장을 추출하여, 문서를 요약을 하게 된다. 이를 통해 기존에 연구 되었던 문서요약 방법보다 향상된 성능을 보였으며, 더욱 효율적으로 문서를 요약할 수 있음을 증명하였다.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.42-57
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• 2015

Purpose. : The present study is an attempt to find out the impact of self-citations on Impact Factor (IF) across disciplines. The study examines the number of research articles published across 27 major subject fields covered by SCImago, encompassing as many as 310 sub-disciplines. The study evaluates aspects like percentage of self-citations across each discipline, leading self-citing countries and continents, and the impact of self-citation on their IF. Scope. : The study is global in nature, as it evaluates the trend of self-citation and its impact on IF of all the major subject disciplines of the world, along with countries and continents. IF has been calculated for the year 2012 by analyzing the articles published during the years 2010 and 2011. Methodology/Approach. : The study is empirical in nature; as such, statistical and mathematical tools and techniques have been employed to work out the distribution across disciplines. The evaluation has been purely under-taken on the secondary data, retrieved from SCImago Journal and Country Ranking. Findings. : Self-citations play a very significant part in inflating IF. All the subject fields under study are influenced by the practice of self-citation, ranging from 33.14% to 52.38%. Compared to the social sciences and the humanities, subject fields falling under the purview of pure and applied sciences have a higher number of self-citations, but a far lesser percentage than the social sciences and humanities. Upon excluding self-citations, a substantial amount of change was observed in the IF of subject fields under study, as 18 (66.66%) out of 27 subjects fields faced shuffle in their rankings. Variation in rankings based on IF with and without self-citation was observed at subject level, country level, and continental level.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.595-607
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• 2021

Purpose: This study introduces a systematic framework to evaluate service satisfaction of cosmetic brands through online review analysis utilizing Text-Mining technique. Methods: The framework assumes that the service satisfaction is evaluated by positive comments from online reviews. That is, the service satisfaction of a cosmetic brand is evaluated higher as more positive opinions are commented in the online reviews. This study focuses on two approaches. First, it collects online review comments from the top 50 global cosmetic brands and evaluates customer service satisfaction for each cosmetic brands by applying Sentimental Analysis and Latent Dirichlet Allocation. Second, it analyzes the determinants that induce or influence service satisfaction and suggests the guidelines for cosmetic brands with low satisfaction to improve their service satisfaction. Results: For the satisfaction evaluation, online review data were extracted from the top 50 global cosmetic brands in the world based on 2018 sales announced by Brand Finance in the UK. As a result of the satisfaction analysis, it was found that overall there were more positive opinions than negative opinions and the averages for polarity, subjectivity, positive ratio, and negative ratio were calculated as 0.50, 0.76, 0.57, and 0.19, respectively. Polarity, subjectivity and positive ratio showed the opposite pattern to negative ratio, and although there was a slight difference in fluctuation range and ranking between them, the patterns are almost same. Conclusion: The usefulness of the proposed framework was verified through case study. Although some studies have suggested a method to analyze online reviews, they didn't deal with the satisfaction evaluation among competitors and cause analysis. This study is different from previous studies in that it evaluates service satisfaction from a relative point of view among cosmetic brands and analyze determinants.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.316-328
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the prevalence and abundance of 9 representative periodontal pathogens in the saliva samples of periodontally healthy subjects (PH) and patients with periodontitis who underwent supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). The age-specific distribution of these pathogens in periodontally healthy individuals was also analyzed. Methods: One hundred subjects (aged >35 years) were recruited (50 each in the PH and SPT groups) between August 2016 and April 2019. The prevalence and abundance of periodontal pathogens in the PH group were compared with those in periodontally healthy young subjects (94 subjects; aged <35 years), who were included in our previous study. DNA copy numbers of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Campylobacter rectus (Cr), Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (Pa), and Eikenella corrodens (Ec) were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The detection frequencies of all pathogens, except Aa, were high in the PH and SPT groups. The ranking order of pathogen DNA copy numbers was similar in both groups. In both groups, Fn had the highest abundance, Aa had the lowest abundance. Additionally, Td was significantly more abundant in men than in women in both groups (P<0.05). Compared with the PH group, the SPT group exhibited significantly lower total bacteria and Fn abundance and higher Pg abundance (P<0.05). The age-specific pathogen distribution analysis revealed a significantly low Aa abundance and high Tf and Cr abundance in the PH group. Conclusions: The clinical parameters and microbial profiles were similar between the SPT and PH groups. However, patients with periodontitis require supportive care to prevent recurrence. As the abundance of some bacteria varied with age, future studies must elucidate the correlation between age-related physiological changes and periodontal bacterial composition.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2021

건축공사 재해 중 거푸집공사 비중이 매우 크다. 거푸집 공사 재해 예방을 위해 관련 연구가 장기간 걸쳐 진행되고 있지만 지속적인 노력에도 불구하고 재해가 줄지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 AHP 기법을 활용하여 거푸집 붕괴사고 요인별 중요도 분석을 하고 관리할 우선 요소를 정하고자 한다. 분석 결과 시공요인, 관리요인, 설계요인 순으로 가중치가 높게 나타났다. 따라서 시공요인을 우선적으로 관리하면 거푸집 붕괴 재해를 예방할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2020

This study examined ornamental metals used as architectural members among metal artifacts excavated from ancient Buddhist temples and palaces in Korea. Through this, we approached the decorative characteristics of ancient architecture eaves. 1. The decorations used in eaves of Korean ancient architecture include roof-end tiles and ornamental metal. Through excavation examples, the technique of attaching ornamental metal to the rafters and corner rafters of high-ranking architectures in the 7th and 8th centuries (ornamental metal for rafter end, ornamental metal for corner rafter end), and tosu iron in the 10th century It seems to be fashionable. 2. Several buildings were built in ancient Buddhist temples and palaces. At this time, they differentiated ornamental metal according to the hierarchy of the building. The higher the hierarchy, the greater the difference in the number of ornamental metal installations, materials, and decoration techniques. In addition, ornamental metal used in eaves is an important factor in the discrimination of the times as the type, number of members, and patterns change depending on the era. 3. The great feature of the eaves metal decoration excavated in the 7th and 8th centuries is the attachment of ornamental metal to the rafters and horsetails. This seems to create a sense of grandeur by removing the weight of the roof and giving the impression constructed regardless of gravity by supporting it with non-material materials.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.209-220
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• 2022

Objectives: This study was performed to suggest how to re-establish criterion for toxic substances under the Chemical Control Act (CCA) in South Korea by comparing the GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals) score and toxic properties. Methods: Toxic substances were classified into seven groups (Acute toxicity (1A), Chronic toxicity (2C), Environmental hazards (3E), Acute toxicity & chronic toxicity (4AC), Chronic toxicity & environmental hazards (5CE), Acute toxicity & environmental hazards (6AE), and Acute toxicity & chronic toxicity & environmental hazards (7ACE)) according to their toxic properties. The GHS score was calculated to sum up five toxicity indicators (health acute toxicity, health repeated toxicity, carcinogenicity, health other chronic toxicity and environmental hazards). Results: The GHS score of 7ACE was higher by 7 times that of 1A. 1A is the only group which has lower than the total GHS score. The highest score was 47, for sodium chromate (CAS no. 7775-11-3), which belongs to group 7ACE. This is classified as acute toxicity, carcinogenicity, germ cell mutagenicity, reproductive toxicity, and acute and chronic environmental hazard. On the other hand, the lowest score was 2.75, which was assigned to 177 chemicals belonging to group 1A. When the health acute toxicity indicator was omitted from the toxic criterion, toxic substances could be divided into the sub-groups 'human chronic hazards group' (HCG) and 'environmental hazards group' (EG) according to their GHS score and properties. Conclusions: The proposed criterion for toxic substances is to establish sub-groups defined as HCG and EG for separate control and that the 1A group be moved to substances requiring preparation for accidents under the CCA.