• Title/Summary/Keyword: High-Frequency isolated

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Development of Speech Recognition System based on User Context Information in Smart Home Environment (스마트 홈 환경에서 사용자 상황정보 기반의 음성 인식 시스템 개발)

  • Kim, Jong-Hun;Sim, Jae-Ho;Song, Chang-Woo;Lee, Jung-Hyun
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.328-338
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    • 2008
  • Most speech recognition systems that have a large capacity and high recognition rates are isolated word speech recognition systems. In order to extend the scope of recognition, it is necessary to increase the number of words that are to be searched. However, it shows a problem that exhibits a decrease in the system performance according to the increase in the number of words. This paper defines the context information that affects speech recognition in a ubiquitous environment to solve such a problem and develops user localization method using inertial sensor and RFID. Also, we develop a new speech recognition system that demonstrates better performances than the existing system by establishing a word model domain of a speech recognition system by context information. This system shows operation without decrease of recognition rate in smart home environment.

Stacked LTCC Band-Pass Filter for IEEE 802.11a (IEEE 802.11a용 적층형 LTCC 대역통과 여파기)

  • Lee Yun-Bok;Kim Ho-Yong;Lee Hong-Min
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.16 no.2 s.93
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    • pp.154-160
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    • 2005
  • Microwave Otters are essential device in modem wireless systems. A compact dimension BPF(Band-pass Filter) for IEEE 802.11a WLAN service is realized using LTCC multi-layer process. To extrude 2-stage band-pass equivalent circuit, band-pass and J-inverter transform applied to Chebyshev low-pass prototype filter. Because parallel L-C resonator is complicate and hard to control the inductor characteristics in high frequency, the shorted $\lambda/4$ stripline is selected for the resonator structure. The passive element is located in the different layers connected by conventional via structure and isolated by inner GND. The dimension of fabricated stacked band-pass filter which is composed of six layers, is $2.51\times2.27\times1.02\;mm^3$. The measured filter characteristics show the insertion loss of -2.25 dB, half-power bandwidth of 220 MHz, attenuation at 5.7 GHz of -32.25 dB and group delay of 0.9 ns at 5.25 GHz.

Assay of Heat Stable Enterotoxin Producing E. coli (내열성장독소 생산 대장균의 판정)

  • Chang, Woo-Hyun;Kim, Moon-Gyo;Choi, Myung-Sik;Yang, Nam-Ung;Ko, Kwang-Wook;Seo, Jung-Ki
    • The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.53-58
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    • 1983
  • Enterotoxigenic E. coli is one of causative agents of the infantile diarrhea and traveler's diarrhea. A modified infant mouse assay(IMA) was developed for the detection of heat stable enterotoxin (ST) of E. coli isolated from diarrheal and control infants and assay system was established with using enterotoxin producing reference strains. The supernatant of the 24 hour-shaking culture of E. coli in Casamino Acid Yeast Extract Salt Broth(CYES-2) was ingested orally into the 2-4 day old ICR mice. After the mice were kept at $25^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours, they were sacrificed and the gut weight body weight ratio(GW/BW) was taken as the index of fluid accumulation induced by heat stable enterotoxin of E. coli. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The GW/BW responses of IMA tested with enterotoxin reference strains of E. coli(E. coli O148H28:$ST^+LT^+$, E. coli $O78H^-:ST^+LT^+$, E. coli O15H11:$ST^-LT^+$, E. coli O1H7:$ST^-LT^-$) appeared ta be ST dose-dependent, and not LT-dependent. From the dose-response curve, $25{\mu}l$ of culture supernatant was determined as test amount of the IMA. 2. Frequency distribution of IMA result from 643 strain of E. coli showed normal distribution at low GW/BW ratio and dispersed pattern at high GW/BW ratio. The GW/BW ratios of $0.056{\pm}0.004(mean{\pm}SD)$ of normal distribution which distributed from 0.044 to 0.068(P<0.01) was considered as ST negative. Thus the GW/BW ratio above 0.069 could be regarded as ST positive.

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Transconjugation for Molecular Genetic Study of Streptomyces platensis Producing Transglutaminase (Transglutaminase를 생산하는 Streptomyces platensis의 분자생물학적인 연구를 위한 접합 전달법 확립)

  • Bae, Se-Joung;Jo, Yang-Ho;Choi, Sun-Uk
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.97-102
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    • 2010
  • Streptomyces platensis YK-2, newly isolated from forest soil, produces transglutaminase (TGase), which catalyses an acyl transfer reaction between the primary grade amine and protein or $\gamma$-carboxyamide group of peptide bound glutamine residues. For a molecular genetic study of S. platensis, an effective transformation method was established by using a conjugal transfer of DNA from Escherichia coli to spores of actinomycetes. The highest transconjugation frequency of S. platensis was obtained on an MS medium containing 50 mM $MgCl_2$, using $5{\times}10^7\;E$. coli as a DNA donor and $1{\times}10^8$ spores without heat treatment as a host. We also identified that S. platensis contains a single attB site within an ORF encoding a pirin-homolog, and that its attB site sequence shows high homology to that of S. logisporoflavus. In addition, it was confirmed by phenotypic analyses of exconjugants that the introduction of heterologous DNA into the attB site of the S. platensis chromosome does not affect its morphological differentiation and TGase production.

Suppression of Harmonic Passband of Bandpass Filters(BPFs) Using Parallel-Coupled Mushroom Structure (평행 결합 Mushroom 구조를 이용한 대역 통과 여파기의 고조파 성분 억제)

  • Lee, Jae-Gon;Lee, Jeong-Hae
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.18 no.2 s.117
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    • pp.118-125
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    • 2007
  • Harmonic band of bandpass filter(BPF) is suppressed using coupled mushroom structure. Between double positive (DPS) transmission line such as microstrip and double negative(DNG) transmission line such as one dimensional mushroom structure, strong coupling broadly arises in the cross range of dispersion curves of isolated microstrip and mushroom structure because of complex propagation constant in the cross range. Strong coupling inhibits wave propagation, so that this kind of structure can be utilized as bandstop filter(BSF). This BSF utilizes coupled transmission line instead of coupled resonator, resulting in broad bandwidth(>30 %), shan-rejection, and high rejection level. The strong coupling between DPS and DNG transmissionline makes it possible shorten coupling length, resulting in compact size. In this paper, parallel coupled BSF having center frequency of 4 GHz and 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 40 % is designed and utilized to suppressed spurious mode of two bandpass filters.

Shaking Table Test of Isolated EDG Model (면진된 모형 비상디젤발전기의 지진응답 실험)

  • Kim, Min-Kyu;Choun, Young-Sun
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.11 no.3 s.55
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 2007
  • In this study, for research on an improvement of the seismic safety of an EDG system, a small scale EDG system was manufactured. For the isolation system, the Coil Spring-Viscous Damper systems were selected. For the shaking table test, 3 kinds of seismic motions were selected which had different frequency contents. In this study, the isolation effects were different and they depended on the input seismic motion. In the case of an NRC earthquake which had low fiequency contents, the isolation effects of the horizontal direction were 20%. But for the seismic motions which had high fiequency contents, the isolation effects were $50{\sim}70%$. In the case of the vertical direction, poor isolation effects were observed. It was because the design properties and the real properties of the isolation system were a little different.

Application of Coliform Bacterial Plasmid as a Trophic Indicator (콜리형 세균 Plasmid의 영양단계 지표 활용에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Hong Bum
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.29-36
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    • 1988
  • This present study has been carried out to examine the correlation between the distribution of the coliform bacterial plasmids and the viability test against heavy metals in the upper stream of Han river(Gapyung; clean water) and the its basin (Anyang Cheon; polluted water). And the distribution of plasmids were examined to be used as trophic indicator for analysis between the clean and polluted waters. 1. A total of 110 isolates were analyzed for the presence of plasmids by means of the boiling method and agarose gel techniques. Plasmids were significantly more frequent in the strains which had been isolated from the clean water (14.3%). Also, there were much higher multiplicity of plasmids at the polluted water(41.0%), compared with the clean water (33.0%). By the comparision between molecular weight of bacterial plasmids in the clean water and those of polluted water, there were no significant differences of the clean water from the polluted water, to such extent as 30.0%, 28.6%, respectively, in frequency for occurrence of high molecular weight plasmids iver 35.8% Mdal. 2. Each isolate was carried out the resistance test for mercury(10-5M), nickel(10-3M) and arsenic (0.1%). At the polluted site, the survival ability of the plasmid-carrying straings(Hg, 31.0%l Ni, 5.7%; As, 65.7%) was higher than that of the non plasmid-carrying strains(Hg, 12.1%; Ni, 3.0%; As, 54.6%). This trend was more remarkable in the clean site (plasmid-carrying strains: 16.7%,-,-). As a result it is suggested that plasmids could be used as an indicator of a certain types of water pollution. In addition, heavy metals might have inflyenced, some extent, to the distribution of plasmids in the environment which has been surveyed in the present study.

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Spike protein D614G and RdRp P323L: the SARS-CoV-2 mutations associated with severity of COVID-19

  • Biswas, Subrata K.;Mudi, Sonchita R.
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.44.1-44.7
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    • 2020
  • The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), greatly varies from patient to patient. In the present study, we explored and compared mutation profiles of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from mildly affected and severely affected COVID-19 patients in order to explore any relationship between mutation profile and disease severity. Genomic sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were downloaded from Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID) database. With the help of Genome Detective Coronavirus Typing Tool, genomic sequences were aligned with the Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus reference sequence and all the mutations were identified. Distribution of mutant variants was then compared between mildly and severely affected groups. Among the numerous mutations detected, 14408C>T and 23403A>G mutations resulting in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) P323L and spike protein D614G mutations, respectively, were found predominantly in severely affected group (>82%) compared with mildly affected group (<46%, p < 0.001). The 241C>T mutation in the non-coding region of the genome was also found predominantly in severely affected group (p < 0.001). The 3037C>T, a silent mutation, also appeared in relatively high frequency in severely affected group compared with mildly affected group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.06). We concluded that spike protein D614G and RdRp P323L mutations in SARS-CoV-2 are associated with severity of COVID-19. Further studies will be required to explore whether these mutations have any impact on the severity of disease.

Preparation of Nanomaterial Wettable Powder Formulations of Antagonistic Bacteria from Phellodendron chinense and the Biological Control of Brown Leaf Spot Disease

  • Zeng, Yanling;Liu, Han;Zhu, Tianhui;Han, Shan;Li, Shujiang
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.215-231
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    • 2021
  • Brown leaf spot disease caused by Nigrospora guilinensis on Phellodendron chinense occurs in a large area in Dayi County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China each year. This outbreak has severely reduced the production of Chinese medicinal plants P. chinense and caused substantial economic losses. The bacterial isolate JKB05 was isolated from the healthy leaves of P. chinense, exhibited antagonistic effects against N. guilinensis and was identified as Bacillus megaterium. The following fermentation medium and conditions improved the inhibitory effect of B. megaterium JKB05 on N. guilinensis: 2% glucose, 0.1% soybean powder, 0.1% KCl, and 0.05% MgSO4; initial concentration 6 × 106 cfu/ml, and a 42-h optimal fermentation time. A composite of 0.1% nano-SiO2 JKB05 improved the thermal stability, acid-base stability and ultraviolet resistance by 16%, 12%, and 38.9%, respectively, and nano-SiO2 was added to the fermentation process. The best formula for the wettable powder was 35% kaolin, 4% polyethylene glycol, 8% Tween, and 2% humic acid. The following quality test results for the wettable powder were obtained: wetting time 87.0 s, suspension rate 80.33%, frequency of microbial contamination 0.08%, pH 7.2, fineness 95.8%, drying loss 1.47%, and storage stability ≥83.5%. A pot experiment revealed that the ability of JKB05 to prevent fungal infections on P. chinense increased considerably and achieved levels of control as high as 94%. The use of nanomaterials significantly improved the ability of biocontrol bacteria to control this disease.

Inhibitory effects of ultraviolet-C light and thermal treatment on four fungi isolated from pig slaughterhouses in Korea

  • Lee, Eun-Seon;Kim, Jong-Hui;Kang, Sun Moon;Kim, Bu-Min;Oh, Mi-Hwa
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.64 no.2
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    • pp.343-352
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    • 2022
  • Pig slaughterhouses harbor high humidity because of the necessary cleaning that takes place simultaneously with slaughter, which facilitates the existence of mold. Due to the enclosed space, there are several limitations to the control of mold growth with respect to cleaning, ventilation, and drying. In this study, the prevalence of fungi was investigated in four pig slaughterhouses in Korea. Four fungi (Aspergillus niger, Penicillium commune, Penicillium oxalicum, and Cladosporium cladosporioides) were detected with the highest frequency. These four strains were subjected to various treatments to reduce their growth. The fungi were inoculated onto stainless steel (SS) chips and treated with ultraviolet (UV)-C irradiation and hot water. Individual treatments with UV-C (15, 30, 90, 150, 300, and 600 mJ/cm2), and hot water (60, 65, 70, and 83℃) were performed to sanitize the SS chips. Simultaneous cleaning with 60℃ hot water and more than 150 mJ/cm2 of UV-C reduced the fungal incidence by > 6.5 Log from 6.6-7.0 Log CFU/cm2 (initial count). Our results demonstrate that a combined treatment of UV-C and hot water is the most economical and convenient way to prevent microbiological contamination of small tools (such as knives and sharpeners) and steel surfaces in slaughterhouses.