• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.19
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• pp.24-25
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• 2006

SmBCO coated conductors were successfully fabricated using EDDC (Evaporation using Drum in Dual Chambers) deposition system that is a bath type co-evaporation system for fabrication of superconducting tape and divided into two chambers named evaporation chamber and reaction chamber. To obtain long and high quality superconducting coated conductor, it is very important to secure the uniformity of all the deposition parameters m the deposition system such as deposition temperature, oxygen partial pressure, compositional ratios and so on. Therefore, we investigated the distribution of the parameters along the axis of the drum m EDDC on which tapes were wound helically. When the temperature on the middle point of deposition zone was $700^{\circ}C$, that on the edge of deposition zone was $675^{\circ}C$. When the thickness of SmBCO layer on the middle point of deposition zone was 1063 nm, that on the edge of deposition zone was 899 nm. The partial pressure of oxygen was 5 mTorr in the reaction chamber while that was $7{\times}10^{-5}$Torr in the evaporation chamber. The composition ratio of Sm:Ba:Cu, that was measured by EDX, was very uniform along the axis of the drum. Under these deposition conditions, critical current distribution along the drum axis was 175 A/cm, 190A/cm, 217.5 A/cm, 182.5 A/cm, 175 A/cm with the interval of 9 cm between samples. It means that the EDDC system has the potential of fabricating (100m, 200A) class coated conductor.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2013

$GdBa_2Cu_3O_{7-y}$(Gd123) powders were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method using $Gd_2O_3$ (99.9% purity), $BaCO_3$ (99.75%) and CuO (99.9%) powders. The synthesized Gd123 powder and the Gd123 powder with $Gd_2O_3$ addition ($Gd_{1.5}Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-y}$(Gd1.5)) were used as raw powders for the fabrication of Gd123 bulk superconductors. The Gd123 and Gd1.5 bulk superconductors were fabricated by sintering or a top-seeded melt growth (TSMG) process. The superconducting transition temperature ($T_{c,onset}$) of the sintered Gd123 was 93 K and the transition width was as large as 20 K. The $T_{c,onset}$ of the TSMG processed Gd123 was 82 K and the transition width was also as large as 12 K. The critical current density ($J_c$) at 77 K and 0 T of the sintered Gd123 and TSMG processed Gd123 were as low as a few hundreds A/$cm^2$. The addition of 0.25 mole $Gd_2O_3$ and 1 wt.% $CeO_2$ to Gd123 enhanced the $T_c$, $J_c$ and magnetic flux density (H) of the TSMG processed Gd123 sample owing to the formation of the superconducting phase with high flux pinning capability. The $T_c$ of the TSMG processed Gd1.5 was 92 K and the transition width was 1 K. The $J_cs$ at 77 K (0 T and 2 T) were $3.2{\times}10^4\;A/cm^2$ and $2.5{\times}10^4\;A/cm^2$, respectively. The H at 77 K of the TSMG-processed Gd1.5 was 1.96 kG, which is 54% of the applied magnetic field (3.45 kG).

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2009

For many large-scale applications of high-temperature superconducting materials, large critical current density ($J_c$) in high applied magnetic fields are required. A number of methods have been reported to introduce artificial pinning centers in $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-{\delta}}$ films for enhancement of their $J_c$. We studied the microstructures and characteristic of $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-{\delta}}$ films fabricated on $SrTiO_3$ (100) substrates with ZnO nanorods as pinning centers. Au catalyst nanoparticles were synthesized on STO substrates with self assembled monolayer to control the number of ZnO nanorods. The density of Au nanoparticles is approximately $240{\sim}260{\mu}m^{-2}$ with diameters of $41{\sim}49nm$. ZnO nanorods were grown on STO by hot-walled PLD with Au nanoparticles. Typical size of ZnO nanorod was around 179 nm in diameter and $2{\sim}6{\mu}m$ in length respectively. YBCO films deposited directly on STO substrates show the c-axis orientation, while YBCO films with ZnO nanorods exhibit any mixed phases without any typical crystal orientation.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.210-215
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 순 Cu 및 Nb 혼합분말에 대하여 Ar 분위기 중 고에너지 볼밀처리를 실시하여 기계적 합금화(MA) 효과를 조사하였다. $Cu_xNb_{100-x}$(x=5-50) 조성의 혼합분말을 각각 120시간까지 MA 처리 한 결과, Cu의 bcc-Nb 과포화 고용체가 30 at% Cu까지 넓어짐을 X선 회절분석, DSC 열분석 및 저온비열 측정을 통한 초전도 천이온도 변화로부터 알수 있었다. 120시간 MA 처리한 $Cu_{30}Nb_{70}$ 조성합금의 열분석 결과 broad한 발열반응만이 관찰되었으며, 볼밀처리에 의하여 계에 축적되는 에너지는 볼밀시간에 따라 증가하여 7.5kJ/mol 에 포화됨을 알 수 있었다. Miedema et al.의 계산에 의하면 $Cu_{30}Nb_{70}$ 혼합분말과 과포화 고용체의 자유에너지 차가 7kJ/mol이며, 본 연구에서 MA에 의하여 계에 축적된 에너지 값과 거의 같은 사실로부터 이 계에서 열역학적으로 과포화 고용체가 충분히 얻어질 수 있음을 나타내는 것으로 판단된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.412-421
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• 1992

단결정 기판위에 증착된 고온 초전도 박막은 microelectronic 장치의 실제적인 응용을 위한 가능성을 보여주고 있다. 고온 초전도 Y-Ba-Cu-O 박막을 원료물질로서 $Y(thd)_3$, $Ba(thd)_2$와 $Cu(thd)_2$의 유기금속 킬레이트를 사용하였고 단결정 MgO(100), YSZ(100), $SrTiO_3(100)$와 다결정 $SrTiO_3$기판에 화학증착법을 통해 제조하였다. 박막의 증착두께는 증착시간이 증가함에 따라 선형적으로 증가하였다. 단결정 MgO(100), YSZ(100), $SrTiO_3(100)$ 기판 위에 증착한 Y-Ba-Cu-O 박막은 액체질소 비등온도($T_{C,onset}=87{\sim}89K$, $T_{C,zero}=85{\sim}86K$) 이상에서 초전도성을 나타내었으나 다결정 $SrTiO_3$ 기판은 액체질소 비등온도 이상에서 제로저항을 갖지 않았다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2003

Resistance distribution in thin film type SFCL elements of different shunt layer thickness was investigated. The 300 nm thick film of 2 inch diameter was coated with a gold layer and patterned into 2 mm wide meander lines. The shunt layer thickness was varied by ion milling the shunt layer with Ar ions, and also by having the shunt layer grown in different thickness. The SFCL element was subjected to simulated AC fault current for measurements. It was immersed in liquid nitrogenduring the experiment. The resistance distribution was not affected by the shunt layer thickness at applied voltages that brought the temperature of the elements to similar values. This result could be explained with the concept of heat transfer from the film to the surroundings. The resistance distribution was independent of the shunt layer thickness because thick sapphire substrates of high thermal conductivity dominated the thermal conductance of the elements.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.12-12
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• 2010

By using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S), we can make images of various physical properties in nanometer-scale spatial resolutions. Here, I demonstrate imaging of two electron-correlated subjects; screening and superconductivity by STM/S. The electrostatic potential around a charge is described with the Coulomb potential. When the charge is located in a metal, the potential is modified because of the free electrons in the host. The potential modification, called screening, is one of the fundamental phenomena in the condensed matter physics. Using low-temperature STM we have developed a method to measure electrostatic potential in high spatial and energy resolutions, and observed the potential around external charges screened by two-dimensional surface electronic states. Characteristic potential decay and the Friedel oscillation were clearly observed around the charges [1]. Superconductivity of nano-size materials, whose dimensions are comparable with the coherence length, is quite different from their bulk. We investigated superconductivity of ultra-thin Pb islands by directly measuring the superconducting gaps using STM. The obtained tunneling spectra exhibit a variation of zero bias conductance (ZBC) with a magnetic field, and spatial mappings of ZBC revealed the vortex formation [2]. Size dependence of the vortex formation will be discussed at the presentation.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2009

Fluorine-doped $SmFeAsO_{1-x}F_x$ single crystals with the nominal value of x=0.2 were grown at $1350-1450^{\circ}C$ under the pressure of 3.3 GPa by using the self-flux method. Plate-shaped single crystals in the range of a few-150 ${\mu}m$ in their lateral size were obtained. The detailed crystal structure was analyzed by using the x-ray diffractometry. Superconducting transition temperature, determined by the resistive transition, of a single crystal was about 49 K with a narrow resistive transition width of ${\sim}1$ K. A relatively sharp transition, a low residual resistivity, and a large residual resistivity ratio compared with those reported for $REFeAsO_{1-x}F_x$(RE=Sm, Nd) single crystals indicate the high quality of our single crystals.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

고온초전도 CC를 다른 산소 분압에서 Ag과 YBCO의 녹는점 보다 낮은 온도에서 열처리시 CC의 특성에 미치는 영향을 실험하였다. 전류의 수송능력과 미세구조는 보호층인 Ag의 존재여부에 다양하게 영향을 미친다. Ag를 제거한 CC를 $850^{\circ}C$의 산소 분위기에서 2시간 동안 열처리 한 시편의 경우 CC의 임계전류의 특성에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나 Ag를 제거하지 않은 CC를 $800^{\circ}C$의 산소 분위기에서 2시간 동안 열처리한 시편의 경우 임계전류가 140 A에서 8 A로 떨어지는 결과를 보였다. 또한, Ag을 제거하지 않은 CC를 1000 ppm 산소 분위기의 $800^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 동안 열처리한 시편의 경우 임계전류 값이 원래 $I_c$ 값의 $70{\sim}80%$의 임계전류 값이 나타났다. SEM 이미지와 XRD 회절 분석 결과 Ni과 Cr 원자들이 표면으로 확산되어 CC의 전류수송 특성에 영향을 미친다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.450-455
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• 2015

For the practical application of a YBCO superconductor bulk, the superconductor bulk magnet with high magnetic field on a large area surface should be fabricated. To make this, YBCO single crystal bulks with fine $Y_2BaCuO_5$(Y211) particles have been prepared by the top-seed melt growth(TSMG) method with $YBa_2Cu_3O_x$, $Y_2O_3$, and $CeO_2$ mixing precursor. By using $Y_2O_3$ instead of $Y_2BaCuO_5$ as precursor, the manufacturing process became simpler and more economical. The microstructures, trapped field and critical current density of the various conditioned YBCO bulks have been observed, analyzed and measured. The different characteristic values of the several samples have been analyzed from the viewpoint of their microstructures. We have developed a $8{\times}12cm$ size superconductor bulk magnet, up to 3 T class, by using the 4 T class-high field superconducting magnetizer and confirmed the applicability of the transmission level circuit breakers by measuring the strength and speed of the superconductor bulk magnet actuator.