• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.430-439
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• 2007

This study was carried out to(1) visualize the installation effect of an anti-wind net; (2) evaluate structural stability of typical anti-wind nets in Jeju; and (3) present the optimal specification of pipes in an anti-wind net for maximum instant wind velocities of 40 m/s and 45 m/s. The analyses were done for anti-wind nets with a mesh of 4 mm and a height of 3 m by using CFX and ANSYS. The results showed that the wind went down due to flow resistance when passing through an. anti-wind net. The anti-wind net with the supporting pipe being installed every two main columns was certainly unstable because the main column not sustained by the supporting pipe became cantilever. With regard to the position of a fixing point of the supporting pipe, von Mises stress on pipes was certainly increased as vertical positions of the supporting pipe were changed to be too lower or higher than an adequate position but there was little difference according to horizontal positions. The adequate vertical position was $2{\sim}2.5\;m$ high from the ground. For a maximum instant wind velocity of 40 m/s, the optimal specification of pipes was a main column of ${\varphi}48.1{\times}2.1$ t@2,000, cross beams(bottom and top) of ${\varphi}26.7{\times}1.9\;t$, cross beams(center) of ${\varphi}33.5{\times}2.1$ t/2ea and a supporting pipe of ${\varphi}31.8{\times}1.5$ t@2,000. In case of a maximum instant wind velocity of 45 m/s, the optimal specification of pipes with structural stability was a main column of ${\varphi}48.6{\times}3.25$ t@2,000, cross beams(bottom and top) of ${\varphi}26.7{\times}1.9\;t$, cross beams(center) of ${\varphi}48.1{\times}2.1$ t/2ea and a supporting pipe of ${\varphi}31.8{\times}1.5$ t@2,000.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.347-356
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• 2018

In this paper, stress distribution for a structurally stable greenhouse is considered in the present paper with subsequent investigation into the detailed stress distribution contour with the variation of self-weight and wind pressure level designation method under wind velocity of less than 30 m/sec. For reliable analysis, wind pressure coefficients of a single greenhouse unit were modeled and compared with experiment with correlation coefficient greater than 0.99. Wind load level was designated twofold: direct mapping of fluid dynamic analysis and conversion of modeled results into wind pressure coefficients ($C_P$). Finally, design criteria of EN1991-1-4 and NEN3859 were applied in terms of their wind pressure coefficients for comparison. $C_P$ of CFD result was low in the most of the modeled area but was high only in the first roof wind facing and the last lee facing areas. Besides, structural analysis results were similar in terms of stress distribution as per EN and direct mapping while NEN revealed higher level of stress for the last roof area. The maximum stress levels are arranged in decreasing order of mapping, EN, and NEN, generating 8% error observed between the EN and mapping results under 30 m/sec of wind velocity. On the other hand, effect of dead weight on the stress distribution was investigated via variation of high stress position with wind velocity, confirming shift of such position from the center to the forward head wind direction. The sensitivity of stress for wind velocity was less than 0.8% and negligible at wind velocity greater than 20 m/sec, thus eliminating self-weight effect.

• 지질공학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 현장의 지중열교환기에서 조건별 지중열전도도, 유속, 유량 및 파이프관내 압력을 측정하고, 이들 시험자료들을 분석하여 지열응용의 효율성을 평가하는데 있다. 규정에 따라 현장측정 장비를 설치한 후 3가지 다른 경우에서 각각 열전도도를 얻었다. 2차와 3차 경우의 결과를 바탕으로, 동일한 암반 지중하에서 다른 깊이(506 m, 151 m), 다른 파이프관경(65 mm, 30 mm)별 얻어진 열전도도는 각각 k=2.9, k=2.8로 크게 차이가 나지 않았다. 4차 경우는 2차 경우와 같은 조건의 심도 지중하에서도 이중관일 경우에는 열전도도가 k=2.5로 크게 차이 나지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 지열이용 시, 같은 지질일 경우 깊이가 중요한 변수가 될 수 있음을 보여 주고 있다. 또한 이 시험에서 얻은 물의 유속과 물의 유량 측정값 및 열전도도를 시뮬레이션 분석한 결과, 지열시스템의 운영 시 심도 506 m 지열공 한개가 심도 151 m 지열공 3개 운영보다 더 경제적임이 확인되었다. 비슷한 지중열전도도 환경에서 0.8 m/sec로 같은 유속일 경우 약 4배의 유량($9.3{\sim}9.8m^3/d$, $2.3{\sim}2.5m^3/d$)의 차이를 보였다. 특히 대도시 건물 밀집형 지대 또는 지가가 비싸서 간접비가 많이 발생하는 대도시 지역에서는 훨씬 더 경제적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Structures, systems and components of nuclear power plants should be able to maintain safety even in the event of design-basis accidents such as high-energy line breaks. The high-pressure steam jet ejected from the broken pipe may cause damage to the adjacent structures. The ANSI/ANS 58.2 code has been adopted as a technical standard for evaluating the jet impingement load. Recently, the U.S. NRC pointed out the non-conservativeness of the ANSI/ANS 58.2, because it does not take into account the blast wave effect, dynamic behavior of the jet, and oversimplifies the shape and load characteristics of the supersonic steam jet. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the evaluation method for the high-energy line break accident. In order to evaluate the behavior of supersonic steam jet, an appropriate numerical analysis technique considering compressible flow effect is needed. In this study, numerical analysis methodology for evaluating supersonic jet impingement load was developed and verified. In addition, the conservativeness of the ANSI/ANS 58.2 model was investigated using the numerical analysis methodology. It is estimated that the ANSI jet model does not sufficiently reflect the physical behavior of under-expanded supersonic steam jet and evaluates the jet impingement load lower than CFD analysis result at certain positions.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1968-1973
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• 2004

Structural degradations are often experienced on the components of nuclear power plants in reactor pressure vessels (RPV) and steam generators (SG) when these components are exposed to high temperature and high pressure for a long period of time. Such conditions result in the change of microstructures and of mechanical properties of materials, which requires an evaluation of the safeguards related to structural integrity. In a primary reactor cooling system (RCS), a dissimilar weld zone exists between cast stainless steel (CF8M) in a pipe and low-alloy steel (SA508 cl.3) in a nozzle. Thermal aging is observed in CF8M as the RCS is exposed for a long period of time under the operating temperature between 290 and 33$0^{\circ}C$. Under the same conditions, it is well known that degradation is not observed in low alloy steel. An investigation of the effect of thermal aging on the various mechanical properties of the dissimilar weld zone is required. The purpose of the present investigation is to find the effect of thermal aging on the dissimilar weld zone. The specimens are prepared by an artificially accelerated aging technique maintained for various times at 43$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. Then, The various mechanical test for the dissimilar welds are performed.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.404-410
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to find the optimal arrangement of FPSO equipment in a module while considering the economic value and fire risk. We estimated the economic value using the pipe connections and pump installation cost in an HP (high pressure) gas compression module. The equipment risks were also analyzed using fire scenarios based on historical data. To consider the wind effect during a fire accident, fuzzy modeling was applied to improve the accuracy of the analysis. The objective functions consisted of the economic value and fire risk, and the constraints were the equipment maintenance and weight balance of the module. We generated a Pareto-optimal front group using a multi-objective GA (genetic algorithm) and suggested an equipment arrangement method that included the opinions of the designer.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.37-42
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• 2000

The boiler tubes and steam Pipes operating both at high temperature and pressure for a long period of time in a power plant are degraded by creep because of internal pressure. So, the remaining life of a component is evaluated by the creep rupture strength. Although the conventional method to evaluate the creep damage is widely used, it has some disadvantages such as requires large size specimen and long employed to evaluate the correlation between fracture toughness and evaluation time. Recently, new method so called "small lunch test' is used to evaluate degradation of creep. In this study, a conventional creep test and a small punch test are conducted using 2.25Cr-1Mo steel which is mainly used for the boiler tubes and steam pipes in power plant. The creep life, approximately 1,500 hrs, is determined by conventional method under a severe condition then specimens for a small Punch test are obtained after certain time intervals such as 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of final rupture time, respectively.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.648-654
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• 2011

The feed-water piping system constitutes a complex flow impedance network incorporating dynamic transfer characteristics which will amplify some pulsation frequencies. Understanding pressure pulsation waves for the feed-water recirculation piping system with cavitation problem of flow control valve is very important to prevent acoustic resonance. Feed water recirculation piping system is excited by potential sources of the shock pulse waves by cavitation of flow control valve. The pulsation becomes the source of structural vibration at the piping system. If it coincides with the natural frequency of the pipe system, excessive vibration results. High-level vibration due to the pressure pulsation affects the reliability of the plant piping system. This paper discusses the piping vibration due to the effect of shock pulsation by the cavitation of the flow control valves for the recirculation piping of feed-water pump system in combined cycle power plants.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집 II
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• pp.676-681
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• 2001

We usually divide the noise of exhaust system into pulsation noise and flow noise. Pulsation noise is the shock wave to occur when the burning gas of low pressure emits and include harmonic having basic frequency as the exhaust cycle of engine. Flow noise is the noise that is produced when gas flow emits into the atmosphere through the pipe and has the character of frequency like pink noise which has the high level of high frequency component. A muffler is divided into reflective type and absorptive type. We usually use the muffler compounding the property of them. In this study, it is the case of transfer matrix method that a muffler is compounded to analyze the elements of each section according to sound wave's proceed direction. But we use simple model. So, we use finite element method that takes short time to analyze. Acoustic analysis gives us transfer matrix to use FEA of SYSNOISE and we use STAR-CD for fluid analysis. We made database that is based on analytical results about the muffler of expansion type, extended type, offset type, reverse type, and perforated type and developed the muffler design system to perform work efficiently.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2014

엔진 배기 저감이나 열효율 향상을 위하여 배기관에 많은 장치들이 부착되고 있다. 이러한 장치들은 배기구의 개도면적을 줄이게 되고 배기 압력을 증가시킨다. 배기압력의 증가는 원활한 가스 교환을 방해하여 엔진 성능이 저하되는 원인이 된다. 그러나 적당한 배압의 증가는 잔류가스의 효과에 의하여 질소산화물을 감소시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 배기 압력 증가가 엔진 성능에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 배기관 끝단의 개도량을 변화시켜 배기 압력을 조절하면서 엔진 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 무부하에서 배압이 미소하게 증가된 경우에 연료 소모율이 저감되고 동시에 질소산화물이 저감되었지만 과도하게 배압이 증가하는 경우에는 연소의 악화로 유해 배기가스가 크게 증가되었다.