• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2016

The frequency of obesity has risen dramatically in recent years but only few safe and effective drugs are currently available. In addition, obesity can induce type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hyperlipidemia and fatty liver disease. Recently, protective effect of purslane extract (PE) on obesity has been reported, but little is known about the role and mechanism of PE in obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PE on obesity and diabetes in obese mice. In addition, the effect of PE was compared with anti-obesity and diabetes drugs. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice were treated for 8 weeks with drugs as follows: PE, orlistat, metformin, voglibose or pioglitazone. While PE mixed with normal diet did not have any effects on BW in non-obese mice, PE mixed with HFD significantly reduced BW gain, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance, without affecting food intake and appetite in obese mice. The effect was comparable to the effects of anti-obesity and diabetes drugs. Furthermore, PE significantly increased the activity of hepatocellular anti-oxidant enzymes, leading to protection of liver from oxidative stress in obese mice. These results suggest that PE treatment may be a useful tool for preventing obesity and complication of obesity.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권9호
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• pp.506-511
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• 2014

We investigated the effects of high calorie and low calorie diets on skeletal integrity, and whether ${\beta}$-adrenergic blockade (BB) attenuates bone loss induced by dietary calorie alteration. Male 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were assigned to either an ad-lib fed control diet (CON), a high calorie diet (HIGH), or a low calorie diet (LOW) group. In each diet group, mice were treated with either vehicle (VEH) or propranolol, a ${\beta}$-adrenergic antagonist. Over 12-weeks, ${\beta}$-blockade mitigated body weight and fat mass increases induced by the high calorie diet. Femoral trabecular bone mineral density and the expression levels of osteogenic marker genes in bone marrow cells were reduced in HIGHVEH and LOWVEH mice, and BB significantly attenuated this decline only in HIGH mice. In summary, the magnitude of bone loss induced by low calorie diet was greater than that caused by high calorie diet in growing mice, and ${\beta}$-blockade mitigated high calorie diet-induced bone loss.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.952-958
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• 2014

본 연구는 고지방식이로 유도한 비만 흰쥐에 대한 꽃송이 버섯의 항비만 효과를 관찰하였다. 6주령 수컷 C57BL/6 마우스를 이용하여 칼로리의 45%를 지방으로 구성한 고지방식이를 이용하여 비만을 유도하였으며, 대조군은 정상식이를 제공하였다. 처리군은 고지방 식이에 꽃송이 버섯 분말을 1%, 3%, 5% 수준으로 첨가하여 12주간 제공하였다. 체중, 식이섭취, 장기무게, 내장지방, 혈청지질, 변무게 및 변지방, 간지방, 조직병리실험을 실시하였다. 고지방식이 섭취군은 체중, 식이섭취, 피하지방 및 복막하지방, 혈청 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방농도, 변지방, 간지방, 부고환지방 조직의 지방세포 크기가 증가하였다. 그러나 고지방식이에 꽃송이 버섯 분말을 첨가한 실험군에서는 체중증가, 식이섭취 및 식이효율, 간 콜레스테롤 함량, 내장지방 무게가 꽃송이 버섯 첨가량에 따라 감소하였다. 특히, 5% 꽃송이버섯 첨가군은 간세포의 지방축적과 지방간 현상이 현저히 개선되었으며, 부고환 지방조직에서의 지방세포 크기도 현저히 감소하였다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 볼 때, 꽃송이 버섯은 뛰어난 항비만 효과를 가지고 있어, 비만 조절을 위한 기능성 식품으로의 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.201-209
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• 2020

The effect of mulberry leaves and yacon tuber extracts (MYE) on antioxidant was tested in this study. The present study investigated the in vivo effects of the anti-oxidative effect of MYE on catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The seven-day acclimation of the mice was divided into six groups: Normal diet group (NOR), high fat diet group (HFD), high fat diet with 0.5% hydroxycitric acid group diet group for positive group (HHCA), high fat diet with 1% mulberry leaf and 1% yacon diet group (MYE-1), high fat diet with 3% mulberry leaf and 3% yacon group (MYE-3) and high fat diet with 5% mulberry leaf and 5% yacon group (MYE-5). The effect of serum antioxidant in the catalase of MYE-1, MYE-3, and HHCA comparing to HFD by 31.0%, 27.7% and 45.2%, respectively (P<0.05~0.01). The effect on hepatic antioxidant in the catalase of HFD was significantly increased 3.7 (77.3%) times than that of NOR (P<0.01). But, the activities of catalase were decreased significantly in MYE-1, MYE-3, MYE-5 and HHCA by 21.7%, 24.2%, 24.9%, and 28.8% compared to HFD, respectively. GSH-Px was significantly decreased in MYE-1, MYE-3, MYE-5 and HHCA by 15.5%, 37.1%, 23.4%, and 23.7% compared to HFD, respectively (P<0.05). The activities of CAT, SOD, GST, GSH-Px, and TBARS were more significantly decreased in MYE-1 and MYE-3 than those of HFD and HHCA. MYE have shown significant effects on anti-oxidative function against high fat diet.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.149-156
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E supplementation on the activities of antioxidative enzymes in liver of KK mice of various ages and various duration of diabetes. Diabetes was induced by feeding high fat diet containing 20% corn oil(wt/wt). Weaned KK mice were fed high fat diet containing 51 IU or 2080 IU vitamin E per kg diet. Animals were sacrificed at 4, 6, and 9 months of age. In nondiabetic group, we found the decrease of antionxidative enzyme activities with aging. In diabetic group, antioxidative enzyme activities were decreased, and the change of hepatic vitamin E was related to glutathione peroxidase activity (r=0.71, p<0.001). Treatment with vitamin E did not modify the level of fasting blood glucose. However, it was observered that glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities as well as hepatic glutathione levels were increased by vitamie E supplementation, whereas catalase activity did not changed. The present result suggest that high vitamin E supplementation protects against lipid peroxidative damage in diabetic KK mice.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.774-781
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• 2012

본 연구는 고지방식이와 STZ으로 유도한 제2형 당뇨마우스에게 CA를 급여하였을 때 체내 당대사와 항산화방어계에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 4주령 ICR 마우스를 고지방식이(전체 열량의 37% 지방)를 4주간 급여하여 인슐린저항성을 유발한 후 STZ(100 mg/kg body weight)을 일회복강주사 하였다. 7일 후 공복 시 혈당이 14 mmol/L(250 mg/dL)인 마우스만을 사용하여 난괴법으로 당뇨대조군, 0.02% CA군, 0.05% CA군으로 나누어 6주간 사육하였다. 실험 6주 동안 당뇨대조군에 비하여 두 CA 급여 수준은 혈당을 효과적으로 낮추었으며 내당능과 인슐린내성을 개선하였다. 또한 혈장 중의 렙틴 함량은 CA 급여 시 당뇨대조군에 비하여 높았으나 인슐린과 C-peptide 함량 및 체중에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. CA 급여는 당뇨대조군에 비하여 간조직의 GK활성을 높였고 G6Pase 활성은 낮춘 반면, PEPCK 활성에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 간조직 중의 SOD와 CAT 활성은 CA급여군에서 당뇨대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 높았으나, GSH-Px 활성과 적혈구의 항산화 효소 활성은 실험군간 유의적인 변화가 없었다. 두 수준의 CA 급여는 간조직과 적혈구 중의 지질과산화물 함량을 당뇨대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 낮추었다. 이와 같이 CA는 간조직에서 당 이용을 높이는 반면, 당 신생을 억제함으로써 혈당저하에 효과적이었으며 항산화방어계를 활성화하여 지질과산화물 생성을 개선하는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2014

Obesity increases oxidative stress, which could contribute to the development of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of sanchae-namul (SN) in mice with diet-induced obesity. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a basal or high-fat and high-sucrose (HFHS) diet with or without 3% freeze-dried SN powder composed of chamnamul, daraesoon, miyeokchwi, bangpung namul, and samnamul for 12 weeks after a 1-week adaptation. After sacrifice, serum glucose and insulin were measured and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was determined as well. Hepatic lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH), and activities of the antioxidant enzymes were determined. SN given at 3% of the total diet did not significantly influence body weight and food intake in mice fed the HFHS diet. Serum glucose and insulin levels, as well as HOMA-IR values, were significantly lower in the SN group than those in the HFHS group. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in the liver were decreased significantly in the SN group compared with those in the HFHS group. SN significantly increased the GSH levels and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the liver compared with those in the HFHS group. Overall, these findings suggest that SN may be useful in alleviating insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in mice fed HFHS diet; further, the improvement of insulin resistance could partly occur by reducing the oxidative stress.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2011

Objectives : We investigated the effects of gambigyeongsinhwan2(GGH(2)) on body weight and examined whether blood triglyceride levels and visceral fat are inhibited by it in high fat diet-fed obese male mice. Methods : 8 weeks old, high fat diet-fed obese male mice were divided into 5 groups: C57BL/6N normal, control, GGH(2)-1, GGH(2)-2 and GGH(2)-3. After mice were treated with GGH(2) for 8 weeks, we measured body weight gain, food intake, feeding efficiency ratio, fat weight, plasma leptin and lipid levels. We also did histological analysis for liver and fat on the mice. Results : 1. Compared with controls, GGH(2)-treated mice had lower body weight gain and adipose tissue weight, the magnitudes of which were prominent in GGH(2)-3. 2. Compared with controls, GGH(2)-treated mice had lower feeding efficiency ratio, the magnitude of which was prominent in GGH(2)-3. 3. Compared with controls, GGH(2)-treated mice had lower blood plasma triglyceride level. 4. Blood plasma AST and ALT concentrations were not changed by GGH(2), indicating GGH(2) do not show any toxic effects. 5. Consistent with their effects on body weight gain, the size of adipocytes were significantly decreased by GGH(2), whereas the adipocyte number per unit area was significantly increased, suggesting that GGH(2) decreased the number of large adipocytes. Hepatic lipid accumulation was decreased by GGH(2). Conclusions : These results demonstrate that GGH(2) effectively reduces body weight gain, feeding efficiency ratio, blood plasma triglyceride level and improves abdominal fat.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2017

Background: An imbalance in energy intake and expenditure can cause obesity, which is a major risk factor for chronic diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, cancers and hyperlipidemia. Methods and Results: In this study, we evaluated the anti-obesity effects of a water extract from the young leaves of barley sprout (BS) in 3T3-L1 cells and in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice (HF). Lipid accumulation measurement indicates that BS markedly inhibited adipogenesis by reducing lipid droplet production in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$ and fatty acid synthetase, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-${\alpha}$ and fatty acid binding protein 4 in 3T3-L1 cells was significantly inhibited by BS treatment. In an in vivo test, the BS-administered group of HFD-induced mice showed less body weight gain, and lower liver and epididymal white adipose tissue weights. The BS-treated mice showed decreased serum levels of leptin and lipids compared to untreated HFD mice and the levels of adiponectin and the HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio increased. These results indicate that BS inhibits body fat accumulation by reducing the mRNA expression of lipogenesis transcription factors and increasing serum adipokine concentration in in vitro and in vivo tests. Conclusions: BS reduced high fat diet-induced weight gain and had a positive effect on dyslipidemia.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2021

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of treatment with a combination of evogliptin and leucine, a branched-chain amino acid, in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes. Treatment with evogliptin alone or in combination with leucine reduced the body weight of the mice, compared to the case for those from the HFD control group. Long-term treatment with evogliptin alone or in combination with leucine resulted in a significant reduction in glucose intolerance; however, leucine alone did not affect postprandial glucose control, compared to the case for the mice from the HFD control group. Furthermore, the combination of evogliptin and leucine prevented HFD-induced insulin resistance, which was associated with improved homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, accompanied by markedly reduced liver fat deposition, hepatic triglyceride content, and plasma alanine aminotransferase levels. The combination of evogliptin and leucine increased the gene expression levels of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, whereas those of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 were not altered, compared to the case in the HFD-fed mice (p<0.05). Thus, our results suggest that the combination of evogliptin and leucine may be beneficial for treating patients with type 2 diabetes and hepatic steatosis; however, further studies are needed to delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of this combination.