• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship of personal hygiene education and hand-washing practices among adolescents. Then the impact of such factors on the hand-washing practices was analyzed. Methods: The data of the 2012 Youth Health Risk Behavior web-based Survey collected by Korean Center for Disease Control was analyzed using SPSS. Total 74,186 of middle and hish school students were included. Uni-variate analysis was done by complex sample crosstabs and multi-variate analysis was done by complex sample logistic regression. Results: The 26.8% of students experienced personal hygiene education. The students of boys, low school grade, coeducation, metropolitan, high school record and high economic status experienced more hygiene education. The hand-washing practices were high in the students with the experience of personal hygiene education. In the factors affecting the hand-washing practice, the experience of personal hygiene education was consistently significant. If students experienced the personal hygiene education, they showed 20~30% more rates of hand-washing practices. Conclusions: Hand-washing practice was high when experiencing personal hygiene education. The personal hygiene education was necessary to improve the rate of hand-washing practices.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.135-145
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• 2018

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the factors associated with long hours of smartphone usage and to identify the characteristics of the high-risk group among female middle school students in South Korea. Methods: The study analyzed the data of 13,648 female middle school students using their own smartphone extracted from the 13th Youth Health Behavior Online Survey (2017). The factors related to using smartphones for a long time was analyzed by binomial logistic regression. The characteristics of the high-risk group was defined by a decision tree analysis. Results: The average hours spent on smartphone usage was 269.54 minutes per day. The significant factors associated with the long hours of smartphone usage were grade, living with parents, perceived household economic status, perceived academic achievement, stress, sadness and hopelessness, the main purpose of smartphone usage, drinking, body mass index, breakfast, and satisfaction with sleep quality. The subjects showing low academic performance and having breakfast four times a week or less were more likely to use their smartphone for a long time. Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, we need to establish intervention strategies focusing on the factors influencing long-time usage of smartphone. Particularly, the subjects who show poor academic performance and skip breakfast frequently should be considered as the high-risk group for spending long hours on smartphone usage.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.159-172
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• 2003

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigated the dietary habits of students in order to identify risk groups according to their Body Mass Index (BMI), and to compare the eating behavior of students in the normal range (19${\le}$24) and those in risk groups (BMI${\le}$19, 24${\le}$27, BMI>27). Method : 1176 elementary school students, 850 middle school students and 672 high school students in Wonju City, were the participants The instrument for this study was a structured questionnaire that included demographic data as well as dietary habits, and the eating behavior instrument developed by Stunkard & Messick(1985) and revised by Kim & Kim (1997). Result : 1) As students moved up ingrade level their dietary habits became more irregular and the degree that students chewed food was reduced 2) As students moved up in grade level, a greater number of the student did not eat breakfast. The reasons given were that there were not enough time before classes started(40.4%) and a lack of appetite in the morning(10.6%) in high school students. 3) As for supper, from 67.8 to 81.9% of subjects reported having regular supper. However the rest of the subjects did not eat supper because of anorexia and fear of weight gain. 4) The results identified risk groups according to their BMI showed that for elementary school students, 55.9% were in the low weight group, 5.5% in the overweight group, and 0.9% in the obese group. For middle and high school students, 40.6% and 35.5% respectively were in the low weight group, 7.4% and 6.3% in the overweight group, and 4.1% and 2.5% the obese group. 5) Comparisons of the eating behavior of students in the normal weight group with that of those in the three risk groups showed that there significant differences in 'hunger' and cognitive restraint of eating' in elementary school students, and significant differences in 'cognitive restraint of eating' in middle and high school students. Conclusion : The results of this study show that management of diet in school health should be addressed from both the aspect of lack of nutrition and that of excess nutrition. In other words, good diet is as important for students in the low weight group as it is for those in the overweight and obese groups. The establishment of good dietary habits and eating behavior in students, by nurses and dieticians should be done by providing repeated diet education and involvement in diet counseling.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.112-124
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the relationships among suicidal risk, self-esteem, and spiritual well-being of high school students, and to provide basic data for developing suicide prevention programs. Method: The subjects of this study were 1.176 high school students from six academic high schools and two technical high schools in Daegu City. Data were collected from the 13th to the 25th of September 2004. The research tools were the Suicide Probability Scale developed by Go. Kim and Lee (2000), the Self-Esteem Inventory modified by Choi and Jeon (1993), and the tool of Spiritual Well-Being modified by Yoo (2002). Data were analyzed with SPSS Windows 11.0. Result: Variables that showed statistically significant difference in suicidal risk were school type, whether to have the best friends, the number of close friends, current relationship with close friends, experience of school violation, respect for the teacher, grades, financial condition, parents marital status, father's education level, mother's education level, home atmosphere, conversation with father, conversation with mother, smoking, drinking, experience of counseling for problems, whether to have physical illnesses, experience of thinking about suicide, experience of attempting suicide. Suicidal risk was in a significantly negative correlation with self-esteem and spiritual well-being. Conclusion: The researcher identified many different variables that affect the suicidal risk of high school students. Self-esteem and spiritual well-being were found to be in a significant correlation with suicidal risk. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as basic data and information for suicidal prevention programs.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2001

Harmful environment around school area have been increased with socio-economic development in Korea. Those entertainment facilities have caused a negative effect on the learning environment in many schools. As a result of increased entertainment harmful facilities in school area, the numbers of deviant behaviors such as drinking, smoking, substance abuse and sexual activity among junior high school students have been significantly increased. Given this situation, the aim of this study was to describe the distribution of the facilities; to access applied(experience) of the facilities according to students demographic variables; and to identify the relationship between use of the facilities and students risk health behaviors such as smoking, drinking, substance abuse and sexual activity. The field theory was used to study the relationship between the use of the facilities and risk health behaviors among students. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in Korea. 2,114 junior and senior high school students(middle and high school students) were recruited by the method of proportional stratified random sampling from June to July 2000. Results indicated that: 1) The rates of using game centers, PC rooms, Song rooms and comic rooms were 78.3%, 75.6%, 71.6%, and 34.3% respectively. 2) High school students visited the entertainment facilities significantly more than middle school students(p〈0.001). 3) The rates of using facilities near schools were significantly associated with parents job(p〈0.05). 4) The rates of drinking, smoking, drug abuse, and sexual activity were 21.6%, 11.9%, 4.3% and 1.6% respectively. 5) Risk health behaviors such as smoking(p〈0.001) and drinking(p〈0.001), amount of smoking and drinking(p〈0.001) and sexual activity(p〈0.05) were associated with the experience of using the facilities. Those who had drinking experience were more likely to go the facilities than those without drinking experience. Also, those who were smoker had higher probability of going using the facilities than non-smokers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.227-235
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• 2001

Depression is one of the most common psychologic disorder and dealt as a major public health concern. School students have heavy school work loads and stress from various evaluations representing school performance. In this study, to examine the effect of school performance and stress on depressive symptoms, we assessed the frequency of risk factors for depressive symptoms among 2,717 high school students. From April 2001 to May 2001, using a self-reported questionnaire, we collected data on the frequency of occurrence of depressive symptoms and potential risk factors for depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were measured using Center Epidemiologlc Studies Depression (DES-D) index. Thirty-seven percent of high school students reported having high depressive symptoms for a week Female students had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms than males (OR=1.44, 95% CI 1.22-1.70). In a multiple logistic regression model, we found that good perceived school performance (OR=0.43, 95% CI 0.31-0.60) had a negative association with depressive symptoms. On the contrary, we also found that stress from school performance (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.69-2.44) associated with high depressive symptoms. In conclusion, high school students had a relatively high prevalence of depressive symptoms. Students with stress from school performance had the higher risk for depressive symptoms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.42-52
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine effects of school-based alcohol prevention programs on drinking statuses of adolescents. Methods: The findings of this study was based on the data obtained from the '2015 11th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The number of study subjects were 68,043. Results: It was figured that 35.6% of the study subjects had experienced school-based alcohol prevention programs within the last 12 months. As the students got older, the chances to participate in the programs decreased (p<.01). For both middle and high school students, current drinking rates for the educated was lower than those of the uneducated students(6.6% vs 8.0%; 22.2% vs 25.9%) and it was statistically significant. A similar pattern was found for high-risk drinking rates. Those educated showed lower rates than the uneducated with statistical significance of p<.001. In addition, the educated had lower problem drinking rate than the uneducated for both middle (p<.05) and high school students (p<.001). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that school-based alcohol prevention programs had statistically significant effect on current drinking status of adolescents (p<.05). However, it had significant effect only on high-risk drinking status of high school students (p<.05) and had no effect on problem drinking. Conclusion: This study addressed effectiveness of school-based adolescent alcohol prevention programs and that it is important to develop means to implement school health education.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.257-271
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• 2015

Purpose: This research examined the trend of school health education, using online research data on health behaviors of adolescents. Then it compared the health perceptions, healthy life practice, and health risk behaviors between students who received health education and students who did not. In addition, it predicted the impact of health education on health risk behaviors of students. Methods: Data from 72,435 participants of this survey were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed on weighted data using the complex sampling design. Results: In the results of the research, general high schools students had the lowest rate of receiving health education, while sex education was the most actively held throughout the all locations. Next, medium-small cities had the lowest rate of receiving health education. Regarding health risk behaviors, students receiving health education had significantly lower rates of smoking, drinking, and sexual intercourse. Conclusion: This study shows that healthy life practices by students improves with the inclusion of health education, thus indicating that schools should invest in health education. This research generated evidence for the first time in Korea that school health education has a positive impact on health risk behaviors and provides basic data for policy development of school health education.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.115-123
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• 2012

Objectives: Students' life changes substantially as grade increases. It implies that risk factors that trigger students' smoking may not be consistent across grades. Most previous studies on student smoking have considered grade simply a control variable. This study examines which and to what extent risk factors are differently associated with smoking initiation according to grade level among high school students in Korea. Methods: Data from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) in 2007 and 2008 were analyzed in this study. Results: Among boys, school location, school type and pocket money etc. significantly influence smoking initiation in the first grade than in any other grades, but the strength of the association decreased as grade increases except academic performance. Among girls, most independent variables were associated with smoking initiation in the second grade except school location, pocket money per week and academic performance. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the variables related smoking initiation in Korean high school students were notably different by grade and gender. These findings can serve as the basis of policy recommendations with regard to school efforts to prevent student smoking.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.241-251
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• 2018

The study is a preliminary study of the effectiveness of the structured cognitive behavioral arbitration program targeting elementary school students who perform high risk problems based on schools for convergence with local communities. The program is designed to be practiced by semi-trained professionals. To screen high-risk students, total 102 students were tested K-CBCL and those who scored over 60T on problem behavior syndrome scale were recruited. 32 students were selected and devided into intervention group and control group. Intervention group was received 90-minutes-sessions per week, for nine weeks. The program was done by graduate students and undergraduate students majoring counseling and supervised by school psychologist. The internalization group showed significantly lower score in Internalization, anxiety/depression, and externalization group showed externalization, aggressive behavior. but mixed group didn't showed significantly lower score. Implications of the results, limitations and suggestions for future study were mentioned.