• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.392-404
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Numerous studies have examined the relationship between drinking behaviors and metabolic syndrome (MetS) for adults, but these include very few studies for young adults. This study therefore undertook to investigate the association between drinking behaviors and components of MetS among adult drinkers aged 20-30 years. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, drinking behaviors of adults in the age group 20-30 years were divided into 4 groups: 1) group A, good drinking habits; 2) group B, frequent binge drinking but not frequent drinking; 3) group C, frequent drinking but not frequent binge drinking; 4) group D, frequent drinking and binge drinking. The association between MetS components and drinking behaviors was analyzed by applying multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We determined the prevalence risk compared to group A. In men, the prevalence risk of high triglyceride (TG) increased 2.051-fold in group C and 1.965-fold in group D. Moreover, in group D, the prevalence risk of low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased 0.668-fold, high blood pressure (BP) increased 2.147-fold, and MetS increased 1.567-fold. In women, there was an increased prevalence risk of low HDL-C (0.353-fold) and MetS (3.438-fold) in group C, whereas group D showed increased prevalence risk of abdominal obesity (2.959-fold), high TG (1.824-fold, and low HDL-C (0.424-fold). CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that frequent drinking increases the risk of high TG, whereas frequent and binge drinking increases the risk of high TG, low HDL-C, high BP, and prevalence of MetS in men. In women, frequent drinking without binge drinking increases the risk of low HDL-C and MetS, whereas frequent and binge drinking increases the risk of abdominal obesity, high TG, and low HDL-C. We propose that improvements in the drinking behaviors can reduce the prevalence of MetS.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.895-904
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• 2016

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed invasive cancer among women. Many factors, both genetic and non-genetic, determine a woman's risk of developing breast cancer and several breast cancer risk prediction models have been proposed. It is vitally important to risk stratify patients as there are now effective preventive strategies available. All women need to be counseled regarding healthy lifestyle recommendations to decrease breast cancer risk. As such, management of these women requires healthcare professionals to be familiar with additional risk factors so that timely recommendations can be made on surveillance/risk-reducing strategies. Breast cancer risk reduction strategies can be better understood by encouraging the women at risk to participate in clinical trials to test new strategies for decreasing the risk. This article reviews the advances in the identification of women at high risk of developing breast cancer and also reviews the strategies available for breast cancer prevention.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2018

본 연구는 고위험군에 종사하는 근로자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여, 그들이 작업현장에서 느끼는 부적절한 장비의 착용이 안전사고 위험성 인식과 직무소진에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 안전사고 위험성 인식의 매개효과를 파악하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 고위험군 종사자들이 느끼는 직무소진 중, 정서가 고갈되고, 인격화에 문제가 생기는 것은 위험을 방어하지 못하는 부적절한 장비를 착용하는 대서 비록 되며, 이로 인한 안전사고의 위험성 인식때문이라고 할 수 있었다. 따라서, 고위험군 종사자들이 위험한 작업현장에서 그들의 경력과 기술을 발휘하면서도 안전하게 작업을 할 수 있게 하기 위해서는 위험을 방어할 수 있는 적정한 장비를 착용할 수 있도록 아낌없는 지원을 해야 할 것이다.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was secondary analysis to explore about risk factors with breast cancer on a basis of primary literature. Methods: This study was searched articles by using CINAHL, MEDLINE, Riss4u, Internet website regarding breast cancer. This study searched for the journal published in Korea and foreign countries from 2000 to 2008, about risk factors of breast cancer. This study was reviewed 42 articles (5 experimental study, 35 survey, 1 qualitative study, 1 report) suitable for the research objectives. Results: Magnitude of risk breast cancer (++) was age, geographic region, family history, mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2 genes and in other penetrance genes, radiation, history of benign breast disease, late age of menopause, early age of menarch, nulliparity and older age at first birth, high mammographic breast density, high insulin-like growth factor 1 level. Magnitude of risk factor (+) was hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptives use, obesity, tall stature, alcohol consumption, high prolactin level, high saturated fat and well-done meat intake, polymorphisms in low penetrance gene, high socioeconomic status. Conclusion: A breast cancer screening protocol according to magnitude of risk factors is needed for disease prevention. The nurses need to educate and counsel women with risk factors of breast cancer.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.449-461
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• 2023

The aim of this study was to conduct an ecosystem-based fishery risk assessment of tuna fisheries in the Western Indian Ocean. We selected gillnet, purse seine, hand line, baitboat, and longline fisheries as the target fisheries method, and selected longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol), narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson), kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis), skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin tuna (T. albacares), bigeye tuna (T. obesus), albacore tuna (T. alalunga) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius) as the target species. The risk score for the size at the first capture in sustainability objective was high, especially, for the purse seine and baitboat fisheries using the fish aggregating devices (FADs). The risk score for the bycatch in the biodiversity objective was high for the gillnet fishery, and the gillnet fisheries using FADs showed high risks for the habitat quality objective due to the loss of the fishing gears. With regards to the socio-economic benefits objective, the risk score of the sales profits was low due to high sales of the tuna fisheries. The ecosystem risk score in the Western Indian Ocean was estimated to be moderate, although management is required for some of the indicators that have high-risk scores.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2013

본 연구는 제4기 국민건강영양조사 자료(2007~2009)를 바탕으로 12세 아동 중 치아우식증 고위험군을 확인하고, 치아우식증 고위험군과 저위험군으로 분류하여 인구 사회과학적 특성과, 구강건강에 대한 인식 및 행태에 대한 자료를 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 12세 아동 중 치아우식증 저위험군의 DMFT index는 0.89, 고위험군의 SiC index는 6.04로 6배 정도 높게 나타났으며, 이는 치아우식증 비교지표인 DMFT가 정규분포하지않고 심하게 치우쳐 있다는 결과였다. 2. 성별 분석에서는 여성이 남성에 비해 치아우식증 고위험군에 포함된 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 3. 12세 아동이 스스로 구강건강에 대해 건강하지 못하다고 생각할수록 치아우식증 고위험군에 포함될 확률이 높아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 4. 칫솔질 횟수에 따라 살펴봤을 때는 칫솟질이 불규칙할 경우가 1일 3회 이상 규칙적으로 시행하는 경우보다 고위험군에 포함될 확률이 적은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 이상의 연구결과를 통해 12세 아동의 치아우식증 고위험집단에 영향을 미치는 위험요인들을 파악할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 보다 효과적인 구강보건 예방전략을 수립하는 기틀을 마련할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.234-241
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• 2019

Objectives: To identify simultaneous behavioral changes in alcohol consumption, smoking, and weight using a fixed-effect model and to characterize their associations with disease status. Methods: This study included 7 000 529 individuals who participated in the national biennial health-screening program every 2 years from 2009 to 2016 and were aged 40 or more. We reconstructed the data into an individual-level panel dataset with 4 waves. We used a fixed-effect model for smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, and overweight. The independent variables were sex, age, lifestyle factors, insurance contribution, employment status, and disease status. Results: Becoming a high-risk drinker and losing weight were associated with initiation or resumption of smoking. Initiation or resumption of smoking and weight gain were associated with non-high-risk drinkers becoming high-risk drinkers. Smoking cessation and becoming a high-risk drinker were associated with normal-weight participants becoming overweight. Participants with newly acquired diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and cancer tended to stop smoking, discontinue high-risk drinking, and return to a normal weight. Conclusions: These results obtained using a large-scale population-based database documented interactions among lifestyle factors over time.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.275-287
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• 2023

Subgrade differential settlement of high-speed railways was a pivotal issue that could increase the risk of trains operation. The risk will be further increased when trains in the subsidence zone are affected by crosswinds. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and finite element (FE) model were established, and the data transmission interface of the two models was established by fluid-solid interaction (FSI) method to form a systematic crosswind-train-track-subgrade dynamic model. The risk of high-speed train encountering crosswind in settlement area was analyzed. The results showed that the aerodynamic force of the trains increased significantly with the increase in crosswind speed. The aerodynamic force of the trains could reach 125.14 kN, significantly increasing the risk of derailment and overturning. Considering the influence of crosswind, the risk of train operation could be greatly increased. The safety indices and the wheel-rail force both increased with the increase of the wind speed. For the high-speed train running at 350 km/h, the warning value of wind speed was 10.2 m /s under the condition of subgrade settlement with wavelength of 20 m and amplitude of 15 mm.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.621-631
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• 2023

Background and Objectives: The morphology-voltage-P-wave duration (MVP) electrocardiography (ECG) risk score is a newly defined scoring system that has recently been used for atrial fibrillation (AF) prediction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the MVP ECG risk score to predict AF in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in long-term follow-up. Methods: The study used a single-center, and retrospective design. The study included 328 patients who underwent ICD implantation in our hospital between January 2010 and April 2021, diagnosed with heart failure. The patients were divided into low, intermediate and high-risk categories according to the MVP ECG risk scores. The long-term development of atrial fibrillation was compared among these 3 groups. Results: The low-risk group included 191 patients, the intermediate-risk group 114 patients, and the high-risk group 23 patients. The long-term AF development rate was 12.0% in the low-risk group, 21.9% in the intermediate risk group, and 78.3% in the high-risk group. Patients in the high-risk group were found to have 5.2 times higher rates of long-term AF occurrence compared to low-risk group. Conclusions: The MVP ECG risk score, which is an inexpensive, simple and easily accessible tool, was found to be a significant predictor of the development of AF in the long-term follow-up of patients with an ICD with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. This risk score may be used to identify patients who require close follow-up for development and management of AF.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2325-2327
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• 2016

Gall bladder cancer is generally fatal. The high morbidity and mortality due to gall bladder cancer exerts a significant impact on efforts towards cancer control in high risk populations of the World and a rationale program for control of gall bladder cancer mortality has remained as an unmet need in these populations. Currently there are no effective strategies for controlling gall bladder cancer mortality. This mini review is to highlight the need and feasibility for secondary prevention of gall bladder cancer by screening in high risk populations. A way forward is to assess the role of secondary prevention of gall bladder cancers by conducting randomized-controlled screening trials in high risk populations.