• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.641-648
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• 2011

This study investigated the effects of high pressure with or without thermal treatment on the cured color development and residual nitrite contents of model meat systems (pork, NaCl and sodium nitrite). At low nitrite levels (${\leq}50{\mu}g/g$), 200 MPa of pressure alone (P) did not develop the cured meat color (p>0.05). Thermal treatment (T) showed curing pigmentation (higher CIE L* and CIE a*), and the impacts were more effective when pressure was combined with thermal treatment (PT). In contrast, nitrite levels did not contribute to the cured meat color when ${\geq}200{\mu}g/g$ of nitrite was added to the meat. At high nitrite levels, although the typical cured color that is induced by thermal treatment did not present by pressure alone, the PT treatment still showed a pinker color with low residual nitrite content compared to the T treatment. The higher the pressure level (300 MPa), the greater the cured meat pigmentation with lower residual nitrite. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the possible application of high pressure, both for cured pigmentation and reducing residual nitrite, respective to typical thermal treatments.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.245-249
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• 2010

Purpose: High-pressure injection injury is caused by accidental injection of the high-pressure injection devices in industry. The initial benign appearance of the wound fools patients into delays in an adequate treatment. And it can result in disastrous outcomes such as necrosis and amputation. To avoid the poor prognosis, the injuries require a prompt surgical intervention. The purpose of this article is to recognize the poor outcome of the highpressure injection injury and to introduce an adequate treatment in need. Methods: We have 4 cases of the high-pressure injection injuries in the hand from April, 2005 to March, 2009. Average age is 39 years (30 - 49 years old), 2 cases are the palm of dominant hand, 1 case is the thumb of dominant hand, and 1 case is the palm of non-dominant hand, respectively. We followed up these patients for 20 months on average. In 3 cases, the immediate, aggressive surgical intervention was carried out, but the other one was delayed in early adequate treatment. The wounds were covered by local advancement flap, anterolateral thigh free flap, conservative treatment with antibiotics and dressing. Results: No pathogens after culture were found nor any findings of fracture in imaging study. Conservative treatment, local advancement flap and anterolateral thigh free flap for the open wound resulted in a desirable aesthetic outcome. In a long-term follow up, functional capability of the patient was also satisfactory. Conclusion: Upon initial evaluation, most high-pressure injection injuries present as innocuous wounds with very few symptoms and result in delaying the proper management. And the majority of high-pressure injection injuries will produce significant morbidity to the hand, amputation. And the initial aggressive surgical debridement was needed to prevent the poor outcome. The key to success in treating high-pressure injection injuries of the hand is the prompt aggressive surgical intervention.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2006

Recently, the seriousness of high blood pressure was appeared as the most frequent disease of a the whole sickness in the world. However, the treatment of this disease is uncertain and produces an adverse reaction of a medicine therapy. Also, the patients are burdened with a fee for medical treatment. Therefore, in this paper, we studied effectively and financially to execute the treatment of high blood pressure using the Chinese medicine theorem that is recently arousing the great interest of the people. The main theories in this paper are blood vessel theory and acupuncture, respectively. Especially, the composed circuit systems are classified the blood pressure depressor part and the meridian points discrimination part, respectively. The blood pressure depressor part is composed generally of low-frequency generation circuit, charging-discharging circuit, and micro-computer circuit. Finally, this research have the advantage of discrimination parts such as regular voltage generating circuit, stimulus circuit, amplifying circuit, and alarm circuit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Forensic Engineering is the art and science of professionals qualified to serve as engineering experts in courts of law or in arbitration proceedings. Buses using compressed natural gas (CNG) trend to be extended in use internationally as optimal counterplan for reducing discharge gas of light oil due to high concern about environment. However, CNG buses is equipped with composite pressure vessels (CPVs); since the CPVs contain compressed natural gas, the risks in the case of accident is very high. In this study, the bursting test for the pressure vessel depending on the heat treatment conditions of the vessel in which the actual ruptured accident occurred, after the bursting test, the fracture pattern analysis had performed. The mechanical materials properties test using Instrumented Indentation Test had performed to confirm the mechanical properties for each heat treatment cases. Also, the fractography analysis and metallographic analysis had performed to find out the difference of each heat treatment case. By comparing normal vessel with abnormal vessel which have defect of heat treatment conditions in term of the bursting patterns and characteristics of containers using various forensic engineering methods, especially, it is possible to understand how important the heat treatment process is in the high pressure vessel unlike any product.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.232-237
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• 2009

Norovirus surrogate (feline calicivirus) was inactivated by treatment at 50,000 psi for 60 sec by 6.8-$log_{10}TCID_{50}mL^{-1}$. Tissue obtained from oyster (digestive gland, gill and mantle) was qualitatively destroyed and distorted by treatment at pressure greater than 5,000 psi for 60 sec. High pressure treatment induced progressive changes in the color of the oyster adductor muscle. High pressure treatment effectively reduced norovirus surrogate but induced conformational changes in the tissue and color of oyster flesh.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.36-50
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high intensity, high frequency microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation(MENS) of auricular and somatic acupuncture points and low intensity, low frequency microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation(MENS) of auricular and somatic acupuncture points on experimental pressure threshold at the elbow according to the time. Fifty healthy adults, aged 19 to 26 years, were assigned randomly to one of five groups: 1) the high intensity, high frequency somatic group(n=10) received MENS to somatic acupuncture points, 2) the high intensity, high frequency auricular group(n=10) received MENS to auricular acupuncture points, 3) the low intensity, low frequency somatic group(n=10) received MENS to somatic acupuncture points, 4) the low intensity, low frequency somatic group(n=10) receive MENS to somatic acupuncture points, and 5) the placebo group(n=10) received placebo treatment and served as controls. Pressure threshold was measured before, after, 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes. Pressure threshold has increased significantly(p<.05) in the high intensity, high frequency auricular group following treatment after 5 minutes, with no statistically significant differences in pressure threshold change scores among five groups, Only the high intensity, high frequency auricular group demonstrated statistically significant change score in pressure threshold following treatment after, 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes after compared to the placebo group. The results indicated that MENS applied to the high intensity, high frequency auricular group increases pressure threshold.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 2000

Recently various pressure vessels like an atomic reactor and plant facilities become more larger and are needed to bear in both very high temperature and pressure condition. And in making such a high pressure vessels the amount of annual usage of 2 $\frac {1}{4}$ Cr-1Mo steels which are predominant to resist high temperature high pressure and corrosive circumstances are increasing. But despite of this advantage of 2 $\frac {1}{4}$Cr-1Mo steel. when PWHT(post welding heat treatment) is carried out lots of reheating cracks are occur. In this reason it is strongly needed to study and examine the mechanical behavior of welded joints through welding to PWHT process. So in this study welded nozzle of pressure vessel where reheat cracks are frequently occur are selected for analysis the crack-occurrence mechanism.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.523-528
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• 2006

The digestibility of heat- or high-pres sure-treated beef extracts was evaluated with an in vitro simulated gastric digestion model and each sample also underwent immune assay to detect its antigenicity with the sera of beef allergic patients. Heat treatment of the beef extracts considerably decreased their digestibility, whereas high-pressure treatment at 200 MPa improved their digestibility compared with the control, but the difference was not significant. The digestibility of the high pressure-treated beef extract was generally higher than that of the heat-treated samples. Depending on the degree of digestion, the degree of antigenicity of the main beef allergens decreased. On the basis of these results, we hypothesized that the allergenicity of beef could be eliminated if the allergenic proteins are sufficiently digested in the digestive organ, leading to the suggestion that the digestibility of allergenic proteins must be improved in food processing. In conclusion, high-pressure processing is a more acceptable food processing technique for beef considering its digestibility.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.1323-1328
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• 2000

Bovine colostrum, which contains a large quantity of immunoglobulins, is indispensable for newborn animals. The establishment of a new procedure for preserving colostrum without losing the immunological activity is significant. We examined the effect of high hydrostatic pressure treatment (100~500 MPa) on the preservability and the immunochemical activity of bovine colostrum. When high hydrostatic pressure treatment was 300 MPa or more, the increase of the total viable count, coliforms and psychrotrophic gram-negative bacteria was suppressed effectively. In particular, the number of coliforms in colostrum treated at 300 MPa or more hardly increased for 35 days at $4{^{\circ}C}$. At 400 MPa or more, both gelling of the colostrum and denaturation of immunoglobulins were observed. However, if the pressure was 300 MPa, immunoglobulins were scarcely influenced and the neutralizing titers against the bovine coronavirus did not decrease. Therefore, it was suggested that 300 MPa was the best pressure for good preservability of colostrum without reducing the immunochemical response.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1102-1105
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• 2008

The structural change and leakage of cellular substances of Saccharomyces cerevisiae attributed by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). S. cerevisiae (ATCC16664) was inoculated in apple juice for 10 min at $23^{\circ}C$ and the apple juice treated at 138, 207, 276, 345, and 414 MPa pressure for 30 sec at $23^{\circ}C$. Increased of roughness, elongation, wrinkling, and pores on yeast cell surfaces, the yeast cell walls were severely damaged by HHP treatment from 276 to 414 MPa. Inactivation of S. cerevisiae by HHP is dependent on structural changes on the cell walls observed with SEM.