• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.221-232
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• 2016

With the booming of construction and property industries in China, the demand for high-rises and mega-scale buildings with more integrated building functions, open- and tailor-shaped outlooks, better connections to municipal infrastructures, and higher grades of building importance has been increasing in the past two decades. The seismic design and engineering of such modern mega-buildings face engineering challenges such as hazard mitigation of extreme actions and surroundings, integrated structural frameworks and building skins, complex connections, and overall construction efficiency. It is the work of a new generation of civil and structural engineers to enhance engineering efficiency and achieve overall engineering, environmental, and economical effectiveness for these high-rise projects. This paper elaborates the above topics through case studies on the design and construction of four such developments in China. Some rethinking is conducted on evolution in modern seismic engineering and design through innovation to achieve an acceptable level of overall sustainability and building effectiveness.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.529-535
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• 2020

The current study investigated experimentally the effectiveness of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) in confining concrete cylinders after being subjected to high temperature. Parameters examined were: (a) the exposing temperatures (20, 100, 200, 400 600 and 700℃) and (b) the number of CFRP layers (1 and 3 layers). A uniaxial compressive testing was carried out on 36 concrete cylinders with dimensions of 150 mm×300 mm. The results obtained show that the compressive strength reduced with the increased of temperature compared to that measured at 20℃. In particular, the reduction in the compressive strength was more observed when the temperature exceeded 400℃. Further, the concrete cylinders confined with one and three layers of CFRP significantly increased the compressive strength compared to the counterpart unconfined specimen tested at the same temperature. Also, the average percentages of the increase in the compressive strength were approximately 112% and 158% when applying 1 and 3 layers of CFRP, respectively, compared to the counterpart unstrengthened specimen tested at the same temperature.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.655-663
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• 2013

Several studies of film cooling were accomplished with a secondary flow channel parallel to the main flow. In real turbine blades, however, the direction of the secondary flow channel is generally normal to the main flow. Thus, this study performs a numerical analysis to investigate the effects of the direction of secondary flow on the effectiveness of double-jet film cooling. The blowing ratio is 1 and 2, and the lateral injection angle is $22.5^{\circ}$. The parallel channel case creates a well-developed anti-kidney vortex with a blowing ratio of 1, and the laterally averaged film cooling effectiveness of the parallel channel is enhanced compared to the normal channel. The normal channel shows higher performance with a blowing ratio of 2. Both cases show high film cooling effectiveness. These phenomena can be attributed to a high blowing ratio and flow rate rather than an anti-kidney vortex.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.142-154
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• 2015

Fault localization techniques help locate faults in source codes by exploiting collected test information and have shown promising results. To precisely locate faults, the techniques require a large number of test cases that sufficiently exercise the executable statements together with the label information of each test case as a failure or a success. However, during the process of software development, developers may not have high-coverage test cases to effectively locate faults. With the test case generation techniques, a large number of test cases without expected outputs can be automatically generated. Whereas the execution results for generated test cases need to be inspected by developers, which brings much manual effort and potentially hampers fault-localization effectiveness. To address this problem, this paper presents a method to select a few test cases from a number of test cases without expected outputs for result inspection, and in the meantime selected test cases can still support effective fault localization. The experimental results show that our approach can significantly reduce the number of test cases that need to be inspected by developers and the effectiveness of fault localization techniques is close to that of whole test cases.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.82-90
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• 2009

Natural smoke ventilator is one of domestic prescriptive methods to be used to exhaust smoke in case of fire in a high-rise buildings. The goal of this study is to evaluate the stack effect and the smoke exhaust performance in high-rise buildings with the opening of natural smoke ventilators using computer modeling technology, thus to estimate its effectiveness as a tool of smoke exhaust. For this purpose, the pressure differential in a domestic high-rise building with natural smoke ventilators was experimentally measured to analyze the stack effect with the closure or the opening of natural smoke ventilators and to calculate compensated air leakage of the building. Computer modeling based on experimentally measured data was carried out to estimate effectiveness of natural smoke ventilators in high-rise buildings using CONTAMW network program.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.568-576
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• 2001

Most of clustering algorithms data to degenerate rapidly on high dimensional spaces. Moreover, high dimensional data often contain a significant a significant of noise. which causes additional ineffectiveness of algorithms. Therefore it is necessary to develop algorithms adapted to the structure and characteristics of the high dimensional data. In this paper, we propose a clustering algorithms CLIP using the projection The CLIP is designed to overcome efficiency and/or effectiveness problems on high dimensional clustering and it is the is based on clustering on each one dimensional subspace but we use the incremental projection to recover high dimensional cluster and to reduce the computational cost significantly at time To evaluate the performance of CLIP we demonstrate is efficiency and effectiveness through a series of experiments on synthetic data sets.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.503-520
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• 2017

Purpose: In the near future, it is expected that UGV(unmanned ground vehicle) will be put into battle due to IT technology and unmanned technology development. In this study, we analyze the combat effectiveness considering communication effect where complex combat information and commands are transmitted. Methods: We use ABM(agent-based modeling) and wireless channel module which provides sophisticated communication effect through geographic information and UGV performance. And UGV combat simulation using wireless channel module is used to grasp the combat effectiveness according to the number of packets, which is a unit for storing all information and commands having high complexity. Results: The result of this study is to derive the optimal number of packets which does not decrease the combat effectiveness and the number of lost tanks. The number of packet increases, the survival ratio of our tanks are decreased. Conclusion: In this study, we reveal that the communication success or failure could affect the combat effectiveness. Also, it helps develope the standard communication protocol between UGVs and could be applied to analyze the cost effectiveness analysis in UGV combat environment.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.16-25
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• 2009

Testing engine performance using an engine dynamometer requires high technical researchers and many facilities. Nowadays, different variables of CAE program are used for identifying the engine performance instead of engine dynamometer test. This is more convenience, as it does not necessitate an abundance of engine dynamometer experiments and, in addition, produces better results. However, CAE programs also contain various variables which can affect engine performance. Those are coupled with each other, thus making it difficult to determine the effectiveness of different variables on engines. DoE (Design of Experiments) methodology is an efficient way to verify the magnitude of effectiveness on engine performance as well as making responses to be optimized at once without trial & error. This study used data from WAVE simulations, which modeled the DOHC SI engine with in-line 4 cylinders at 1500, 3000 and 4500rpm. DoE methodology is designed properly to determine the effectiveness of five variables on power, BSFC, and volumetric efficiency, as well as to find the optimal response conditions at each rpm through a minimized number of experiments. After finishing DoE process, all the results are examined concerning the reliability of test through a verification experiment.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.33-39
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to present a basis for the evaluation on the renewable energy dissemination program in Korea applying the outcome evaluation, one of the five types of evaluation methods of EERE, DOE, and the effectiveness indicator, which is suggested by IEA, OECD. The outcome evaluation quantifies achievements of program outputs and outcomes against planned time frame. We analyze the correlation coefficients between cumulative expenditure on the renewable energy dissemination program and each renewable energy deployment and the unit installation cost of several dissemination programs for the outcome evaluation. Meanwhile, the effectiveness indicator is calculated by dividing the additional renewable energy deployment achieved in a given year by the remaining mid-term realizable potential to 2020 in each source of renewable energy. The results show that correlation coefficients between cumulative expenditure and each renewable energy deployment are significantly positive during the implementation period of each deployment program. And photovoltaic energy, bio energy, and wind power energy show high effectiveness indicator.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.73-91
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• 2015

The effectiveness of tuned mass dampers (TMDs) in reducing the seismic response of civil structures is still a debated issue. The few studies regarding TMDs on inelastic structures indicate that they would perform well under moderate earthquake loading, when the structure remains linear or weakly nonlinear, while tending to fail under severe ground shaking, when the structure experiences strong nonlinearities. TMD seismic efficiency should be therefore rationally assessed by considering to which extent moderate and severe earthquakes respectively contribute to the expected cost of damages and losses over the lifespan of the structure. In this paper, a method for evaluating, in a life-cycle cost (LCC) perspective, the seismic effectiveness of TMDs on inelastic building structures is presented and exemplified on the SAC LA 9-storey steel moment-resisting frame benchmark building. Results show that the LCC concept may provide an appropriate alternative to traditional performance criteria for the evaluation of the effectiveness of TMDs and that TMD installation on typical existing middle-rise buildings in high seismic hazard regions may significantly reduce building lifetime cost despite the poor control performance observed under the most severe seismic events.