• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.80-94
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to re-evaluate the importance of questions of obesity syndrome differentiation (OSD) questionnaire based on real-world survey and to explore the possibility of simplifying OSD types. Methods: The OSD frequency was identified, and variance threshold feature selection was performed to filter the questions. Filtered questions were clustered by K-means clustering and hierarchical clustering. After principal component analysis (PCA), the distribution patterns of the subjects were identified and the differences in the syndrome distribution were compared. Results: The frequency of OSD in spleen deficiency, phlegm (PH), and blood stasis (BS) was lower than in food retention (FR), liver qi stagnation (LS), and yang deficiency. We excluded 13 questions with low variance, 7 of which were related to BS. Filtered questions were clustered into 3 groups by K-means clustering; Cluster 1 (17 questions) mainly related to PH, BS syndromes; Cluster 2 (11 questions) related to swelling, and indigestion; Cluster 3 (11 questions) related to overeating or emotional symptoms. After PCA, significant different patterns of subjects were observed in the FR, LS, and other obesity syndromes. The questions that mainly affect the FR distribution were digestive symptoms. And emotional symptoms mainly affect the distribution of LS subjects. And other obesity syndrome was partially affected by both digestive and emotional symptoms, and also affected by symptoms related to poor circulation. Conclusions: In-depth data mining analysis identified relatively low importance questions and the potential to simplify OSD types.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.9
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• pp.2197-2207
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• 1997

In this paper, we propose a video data segmentation method using edge and color distribution of video frames and also develop a video browser by using the proposed algorithm. To segment a video, we use a 644-bin HSV color histogram and the edge information which generated with automatic threshold method. We consider scene's characteristics by using positions and colo distributions of object in each frame. We develop a hierarchical and a shot-based browser for video browsing. We also show that our proposed method is less sensitive to light effects and more robust to motion effects than previous ones like a histogram-based method by testing with various video data.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.59.3-60
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• 2015

We investigate the clustering properties of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z ~ 4. Using the hierarchical galaxy formation model GALFORM, we predict the angular correlation function (ACF) of LBGs and compare this with the measured ACF from combined survey fields consisting of the Hubble eXtreme Deep Field (XDF) and CANDELS. We find that the predicted ACF is in a good agreement with the measured ACFs. However, when we divide the model LBGs into bright and faint subset, the predicted ACFs are less consistent with observations. We quantify the dependence of clustering on luminosity and show that the fraction of satellite LBGs is important for determining the amplitude of ACF at small scales. We find that central LBGs predominantly reside in ${\sim}10^{11}h^{-1}M_{solar}$ haloes and satellites reside in haloes of mass ${\sim}10^{12}-10^{13}h^{-1}M_{solar}$. The model predicts fewer bright satellite LBGs than is inferred from the observation. LBGs in the tails of the redshift distribution contribute significant additional clustering signal, especially on small scales. This spurious clustering may affect the interpretation of the halo occupation distribution, including the minimum halo mass and abundance of satellite LBGs.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.27-39
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• 2019

Purpose - This study explores the relationships between e-Marketing and perceived service quality with brand trust and loyalty towards the brand of mobile telephone operators in Kosovo. Research design, data, and methodology - The conceptual model of four constructs was developed, while each construct consisted of the set of variables measured by using five-point Likert scale. The primary data was collected via an online survey through SurveyMonkey, distributed via Facebook and email. The collected data were cleaned, validated and tested for its consistency through Cronbach's Alpha; ensured that five assumptions of multiple linear regression are met. To assess the relationships between outcome variable and dependent variables of the model, performed the bivariate correlation, simple, multiple linear and hierarchical regression. Results - Perceived service quality has a positive significant effect on brand trust and loyalty. e-Marketing presents moderating direct effect on brand loyalty, and slightly higher effect through brand trust of the mobile telephone operators in Kosovo. Conclusions - The perceived service quality and brand trust are key determinants in achieving brand loyalty in telecommunication industry, followed by e-Marketing as means to creating expectations, delivering on promise to meet customers' perceptions for service quality with a purpose of building trust, that leads to loyalty towards the brands of mobile operators in Kosovo.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.78.1-78.1
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• 2013

The hierarchical model of galaxy formation predicts that galaxy halos contain merger relics in the form of long stellar stream. Thus, tidal substructure of stars around globular clusters, such as tidal tails, could be an essential evidence of the merging scenario in the formation of the Galaxy. From April 2010 to December 2012, we obtained $45^{\prime}{\times}45^{\prime}$ wide-field JHKs near-infrared photometric imaging data for about 20 globular clusters in the Milky Way, and examined the stellar density distribution around globular clusters. Here, we introduce the preliminary results of stellar spatial distributions and radial surface density profiles of four globular clusters. In order to minimize the field star contamination and identify the cluster's member candidates stars, we used a statistical filtering algorithm and gave weights on the CMDs of globular clusters. In two-dimensional stellar density maps, we could found tidal stripping structures for some globular clusters. The orientation of tidal substructure seems to associate with the effects of dynamical interactions with the Galaxy and cluster's orbit. Indeed, the radial surface density profile accurately describes this stripping structures as a break in the slope of profile. The observational results could give us further observational evidence of merging scenario of the formation of the Galaxy.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.19-25
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• 2016

Purpose - This study explores the role of construal levels in predicting online consumer behavior on a retail website. It builds on the conceptualization that simply browsing a website and making actual purchases can be an outcome of how abstractly or concretely one thinks about that experience. This study examines the differential effects of intermediary websites' attributes and seller's product offerings in predicting frequency of visits and actual purchases. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected from 188 undergraduate students in a large university of Korea. Hierarchical regression model was utilized to test the proposed effect of website characteristics and seller attributes on visit and purchase. Results - We propose and find that online shopping website visits and purchase frequency have different antecedents. The results reveal that website visit frequency and purchase have different predictors and this can be explained through construal level theory. Specifically, we find purchase frequency is predicted more by website image and financial benefits can be more predictive in actual purchases. Conclusions - Consumer behavior on the internet can be delineated into website visits and actual purchases. First, uplifting the image of the website itself is much more important than just making offerings cheaper. Online shopping website should try to match its features to mental representations that customers go through from just visit (abstract) to purchase (concrete).

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.121-132
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• 2018

The study aims to investigate methods for companies to contribute to not only social and national developments, but also on the promotion of individuals and companies by re-examining the various phenomena that define companies. The study examines the relationship between subordinate factors of social responsibility activities and job performances as well as the role of CEOs in showing authentic leadership and meaningfulness of work. A total of 312 valid questionnaires were obtained, and hypotheses were tested using regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and 3-way interactions. The results suggest that corporate social responsibility activities not only enhanced the performance of the members, but also confirmed the importance of the authentic leadership of the CEO. Additionally, the role of the members in the company also showed to play a very significant role in a company's developments. The results also show that the CEO and members need to make efforts to increase ethics as well as gain more competitiveness and improve their reputation by promoting their sense of calling and feeling of compassion in the workplace. In other words, the members of the high-ranking book and the members of the relatively low position will have different degrees of information transfer and evaluation of the company policy may be different.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.21-29
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of organizational politics on employees' social network service addiction and how it influences their job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. And this study explores if leader-member exchange can moderate the relationship between organizational politics and social network service addiction. Research, design, data, and methodology - For this, this study collected data from 305 employees in Korean companies through a survey method and uses SPSS 18.0 for hierarchical regression analysis in the hypothesis test. Results - First, organizational politics increases immersion, compulsion and association among the sub-factors of social network service addiction. Second, each phenomena of social network service addiction such as salience, compulsion and association decrease each relevant factors of job satisfaction and organizational citizen behavior. Third, compulsion and association among the sub-factors of social network service addiction play the mediating roles between organizational politics and each relevant factors of job satisfaction/organizational citizen behavior. Finally, some of sub-factors of leader-member exchange decrease the effect of each characteristics of organizational politics on immersion, compulsion and association among the sub-factors of social network service addiction. Conclusions - This study provides some of managerial implications to corporate executives who try to manage organizational attitude.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.93-101
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• 2020

Purpose: While crowdfunding functions as a purchasing behavior, it is different from other purchasing behavior. It derives from non-existed idea and leads to production and purchase through continuous idea development with participants and participants' support is a proxy for future sales. This study researches on consumption value, customer's trust and consumer's innovativeness to reveal which constructs of consumption value and customer's trust should be considered. Research design, data, and methodology: Crowdfunding participation intentions were examined using consumer's consumption value and trust of platforms as independent variables, and consumer innovation as a control variable. A total of 175 surveys were used for analysis. The hypothesis was tested using hierarchical regression analysis. Results: The results showed economic, epistemic value and ability, benevolence consumer trust to have a significant effect in crowdfunding participation intentions. The moderating effect of innovation was shown to be significant in only economic value and benevolence. Conclusions: The economic and hedonic value of consumers should be emphasized, as well as the evaluation level of the project itself. Moreover, technology or system safety, competency, and product specific information, as well as user benefits for their ideas are core elements in attracting new participants.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.23-33
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• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of education & training and organizational culture on job satisfaction and organizational commitment and then examine the difference that would appear depending on the job title in the case of Korean employees in the manufacturing industry. Research design, data, and methodology - Our sample consisted of 1,013 administrative employees in the manufacturing industry with data extracted from the 4th Human Capital Corporate Panel (2011) survey. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were conducted. Results - Results showed that education & training had positive effect only on job satisfaction while organizational culture had positive effect on both job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Components under education & training (duration of the formal learning, efficacy of formal learning and efficacy of informal learning) and organizational culture (equity, communication, talent recognition, innovation) that were found to be affecting job satisfaction and organizational commitment revealed to be different depending on the hierarchical position of the employee. Conclusions - Different approach and policy for each group of job title could be considered in order to increase job satisfaction and enhance organizational commitment of the employees.