• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2008년도 정보통신설비 학술대회
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• pp.17-20
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• 2008

A clustering scheme for ad hoc networks is aimed at managing a number of mobile devices by utilizing hierarchical structure of the networks. In order to construct and maintain an effective hierarchical structure in ad hoc networks where mobile devices may move at high mobility, the following requirements must be satisfied. The role of each mobile device for the hierarchical structure is adaptive to dynamic change of the topology of the ad hoc networks. The role of each mobile device should thus change autonomously based on the local information. The overhead for management of the hierarchical structure is small. The number of mobile devices in each cluster should thus be almost equivalent. This paper proposes an adaptive multihop clustering scheme for highly mobile ad hoc networks. The results obtained by extensive simulation experiments show that the proposed scheme does not depend on mobility and node degree of mobile devices in the ad hoc network, which satisfy the above requirements.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2007년도 정기학술대회
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• pp.321-329
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• 2007

This paper reports on the application of network analysis approaches to investigate the characteristics of graph representations of Japanese word associations. Two semantic networks are constructed from two separate Japanese word association databases. The basic statistical features of the networks indicate that they have scale-free and small-world properties and that they exhibit hierarchical organization. A graph clustering method is also applied to the networks with the objective of generating hierarchical structures within the semantic networks. The method is shown to be an efficient tool for analyzing large-scale structures within corpora. As a utilization of the network clustering results, we briefly introduce two web-based applications: the first is a search system that highlights various possible relations between words according to association type, while the second is to present the hierarchical architecture of a semantic network. The systems realize dynamic representations of network structures based on the relationships between words and concepts.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2006

ZigBee is the emerging industrial standard for ad hoc networks based on IEEE 802.15.4. It is used for low data rate and low power wireless network applications. Expected applications of ZigBee include wireless sensor networks for remote monitoring, home control, and industrial automation. Since one of the most important design goals of ZigBee is to reduce the installation and running costs, the ZigBee stack is embedded in the cheap and small micro-controller unit. The hierarchical routing algorithm is used for ZigBee end devices which have very limited resources. Using the block addressing scheme, end devices can send data to the destination without a routing table. However, hierarchical routing has the problem that the packets follow the tree hierarchy to the destination even if the destination is located nearby. In this paper, we propose a scheme to improve the hierarchical routing algorithm in ZigBee networks by employing the neighbor table that is originally used together with the routing table. We suggest selecting the neighbor node that has the minimum remaining hops to the destination as the next hop node. Simulation result shows that the proposed scheme saves more than 30% of the hop counts compared with the original hierarchical routing.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.63-78
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• 1998

The hierarchical cell structure consists of the macrocell and microcells to increase the system capacity and to achieve broad coverage. The hierarchical cell structure provides services for users in different mobility. In this paper, an analytical queueing model in mobile networks is proposed for the performance evaluation of the hierarchical cell structure. The model for networks with the multiple levels can simplify multi-dimensional ones into one-dimensional queueing model. The computational advantage will be growing as the layers are constructed in multiple levels. The computer simulation is provided for validating the proposed analytical model.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.542-549
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• 2017

Sequence-to-sequence 모델과 이와 유사한 포인터 네트워크는 입력이 여러 문장으로 이루어 지거나 입력 문장의 길이가 길어지면 성능이 저하되는 문제가 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 여러 문장으로 이루어진 입력열을 단어 레벨과 문장 레벨로 인코딩을 수행하고, 디코딩에서 단어 레벨과 문장 레벨 정보를 모두 이용하는 계층적 포인터 네트워크 모델을 제안하고, 이를 이용하여 모든 멘션(mention)에 대한 상호참조해결을 수행하는 계층적 포인터 네트워크 기반 상호참조해결을 제안한다. 실험 결과, 본 논문에서 제안한 모델이 정확률 87.07%, 재현율 65.39%, CoNLL F1 74.61%의 성능을 보였으며, 기존 규칙기반 모델 대비 24.01%의 성능 향상을 보였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.344-358
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• 2011

Wireless tactical network (WTN) is the most important present-day technology enabling modern network centric warfare. It inherits many features from WMNs, since the WTN is based on existing wireless mesh networks (WMNs). However, it also has distinctive characteristics, such as hierarchical structures and tight QoS (Quality-of-Service) requirements. Little research has been conducted on hierarchical protocols to support various QoS in WMN. We require new protocols specifically optimized for WTNs. Control packets are generally required to find paths and reserve resources for QoS requirements, so data throughput is not degraded due to overhead. The fundamental solution is to adopt topology aggregation, in which a low tier node aggregates and simplifies the topology information and delivers it to a high tier node. The overhead from control packet exchange can be reduced greatly due to decreased information size. Although topology aggregation is effective for low overhead, it also causes the inaccuracy of topology information; thus, incurring low QoS support capability. Therefore, we need a new topology aggregation algorithm to achieve high accuracy. In this paper, we propose a new aggregation algorithm based on star topology. Noting the hierarchical characteristics in military and hierarchical networks, star topology aggregation can be used effectively. Our algorithm uses a limited number of bypasses to increase the exactness of the star topology aggregation. It adjusts topology parameters whenever it adds a bypass. Consequently, the result is highly accurate and has low computational complexity.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.227-236
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• 2018

Ultra-dense small cell networks (UD-SCNs) have been identified as a promising scheme for next-generation wireless networks capable of meeting the ever-increasing demand for higher transmission rates and better quality of service. However, UD-SCNs will inevitably suffer from severe interference among the small cell base stations, which will lower their spectral efficiency. In this paper, we propose a software-defined networking (SDN)-based hierarchical agglomerative clustering (SDN-HAC) framework, which leverages SDN to centrally control all sub-channels in the network, and decides on cluster merging using a similarity criterion based on a suitability function. We evaluate the proposed algorithm through simulation. The obtained results show that the proposed algorithm performs well and improves system payoff by 18.19% and 436.34% when compared with the traditional network architecture algorithms and non-cooperative scenarios, respectively.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.798-801
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• 2005

This Letter proposes a scheme that supports a fast handover effectively in hierarchical mobile IPv6 networks (F-HMIPv6) by optimizing the associated data and control flows during the handover. By NS-2 simulation, we show that the proposed scheme can give better handover performance than a simple combination of existing schemes.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.17-28
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• 1983

This paper deals with the problem of optimally controlling traffic flows in urban transportation traffic networks. For this, a nonlinear discrete-time model of urban traffic network is first suggested in order to handle the phenomenon of traffic flows such as oversaturatedness and/or undersaturatedness. Then an optimal control problem is formulated and a hierarchical optimization technique is applied, which is based upon a prediction-type two-level method of Hirvonen and Hakkala.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 구조적으로 분산 침입탐지시스템의 구조를 계승하면서 동시에 홈네트워크의 환경을 최대한 고려하여 HNHDIDS(Home Network Hierarchical Distributed Intrusion Detection System)로 명명된 새로운 계층적 분산 침입탐지 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 단일 클래스 support vector machine(support vector data description)과 지역적 에이전트(agent)들을 계층적으로 결합한 구조로써, 홈네트워크의 환경을 위하여 최적화되었다. 만족스러운 침입 탐지율과 안전한 FNR(false negative rate) 수치 등을 실험을 통하여 확인함으로써 제안된 시스템이 홈네트워크 환경에 적합함을 검증하였다.