• Title/Summary/Keyword: Heritage Presence

Search Result 84, Processing Time 0.023 seconds

Study on Coloring and Aging Pattern of Bongchae used for Conservation Treatment of Paper Cultural Properties (지류문화재의 보채에 쓰이는 봉채의 채색 및 열화 양상 연구)

  • Song, Jung Won;Kim, Myoung Nam;Lee, Jang Jon
    • Journal of Conservation Science
    • /
    • v.35 no.5
    • /
    • pp.416-429
    • /
    • 2019
  • Bongchae is primarily employed for toning, which is the last step in the conservation treatment of paper's cultural properties. The objective of this study is to identify the coloring patterns of four types of Bongchae(Bonram, Gamboge, Yeonji, and Daeja) and determine the associated color change patterns through accelerated aging experiments. By examining the coloring patterns, it is observed that Yeonji, Bonram, and Daeja are painted as particles, whereas Gamboge indicates a close state of coating. Results obtained from X-ray diffraction analysis of Bongchae indicate that the presence of quartz, calcite, and pyrophyllite can be equally detected in Bonram, Yeonji, and Daeja. Additionally, the presence of goethite is also detected in Daeja. Gamboge becomes discolored from yellow to orange color during wet thermal aging, and Gamboge and Yeonji become decolorized during UV irradiation aging. Hence, cultural properties of paper colored with Gamboge can be predicted to become discolored to orange color by alkalis and can be darkened by UV rays because the decolorization of Gamboge and Yeonji occurs preferentially.

Composition of the Adhesive Used for Fixing Glass Eyes of the Stone Standing Maitreya of Daejosa Temple, Buyeo (Treasure No. 217)

  • Park, Jongseo;Lee, Sunmyung
    • Journal of Conservation Science
    • /
    • v.35 no.4
    • /
    • pp.295-307
    • /
    • 2019
  • In the process of the conservation treatment of the glass eyes of the stone standing Maitreya of Daejosa temple, Buyeo (Treasure No. 217), a blackish material, expected to be the adhesive for fixing the glass eyes, was collected and analyzed. Infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (pyrolysis/GC/MS) were employed to identify the organic material in the sample. The IR analysis revealed the presence of materials such as apatite or bone black. The pyrogram of the sample was similar to that of Asian lacquer, among traditional adhesives. In particular, the pyrolysis/GC/MS analysis with online methylation detected 1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene, methyl 7-(2,3- dimethoxyphenyl) heptanoate, and methyl 8-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)octanoate. These are known to be the pyrolysis products of catechol and its oxidation product, which indicated the presence of Asian lacquer in the sample. X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and thermal gravimetry analysis showed that the sample contained ca. 60% inorganic substances, including apatite. Radiocarbon dating of the sample suggested that the blackish material was applied between the late 13th and early 15th century, revealing some discrepancy with the art-historical manufacturing time of the Maitreya. From the above analysis, it was concluded that Asian lacquer and bone ash were used to attach the glass eyes by forming a thick blackish lacquer layer.

Investigating the Iron-Making Process through the Scientific Analysis of By-products Obtained during Iron-Making from Songdu-ri Site in Jincheon, Korea

  • Jung, Da Yeon;Cho, Nam Chul
    • Journal of Conservation Science
    • /
    • v.38 no.1
    • /
    • pp.33-44
    • /
    • 2022
  • The study, iron-making process was examined through the scientific analysis of six by-products that were obtained during iron making at the Songdu-ri site in Jincheon. The total Fe content of the slags excavated from the Songdu-ri site was 36.29-54.61 wt%, whereas the deoxidation agent was 26.48-49.08 wt%. The compound analysis result indicated that fayalite and wüstite are the main compounds in slag. Furthermore, the microstructure analysis result confirmed the presence of fayalite and wüstite in the slag. It can be inferred from the flat shape in a bright matrix structure of the hammer scales that forging was performed in the latter stage. The Raman micro-spectroscopy results confirmed that the surface was hematite (Fe2O4), middle layer was magnetite (Fe3O4), and inner layer was wüstite (FeO). The presence of smelting and smithing slags, spheroid hammer scales, and flake hammer scales suggests that at the Songdu-ri site, iron-making process is carried out by division of labor into producing iron bloom through direct smelting, refining and forge welding, and ingot production.

The Effects of VR-based Cultural Heritage Experience on Visit Intention (VR 기반 문화유산 체험이 방문의도에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoo, Kun Woo;Hwang, Kyunghwa;Kwon, Ohbyung
    • The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
    • /
    • v.26 no.2
    • /
    • pp.95-122
    • /
    • 2021
  • As it recently became a non-face-to-face society because of the COVID-19 Pandemics, attempts have been made to experience heritage based on virtual reality (VR). Despite the satisfaction of VR contents, however, questions are being raised about whether the VR experience leads to visit a heritage tour or reduces to visit a heritage tour. This study examined how VR-based heritage experiences affect the visit intention of heritage sites. In addition, this study investigated how VR-based experiences differently affect the visit intention compared to web-based experiences. To this end, based on the information success model proposed by DeLone and McLean, this study examined how the perception for system quality and information quality through VR (vs. web) experience affects the intention of visiting the historical site. The results demonstrated that satisfaction was positively influenced by the convenience of system quality and the presence and usefulness of information quality and that the presence and satisfaction positively affected continuance intention. In addition, continuous intention to use positively affected the visit intention of heritage sites. Lastly, it has been shown that the usefulness of information quality in groups experiencing content through the Web (vs. VR) has a greater impact on the intent of continuous use. Based on the results of this study, we discussed ways to organize tourism content to increase the intention of visiting heritage sites.

Multisensory based AR System for Education of Cultural Heritage

  • Jeong, Eunsol;Oh, Jeong-eun;Won, Haeyeon;Yu, Jeongmin
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
    • /
    • v.24 no.11
    • /
    • pp.61-69
    • /
    • 2019
  • In this paper, we propose a multisensory(i.e., visual-auditory-tactile) based AR system for the education of cultural heritage. The proposed system provides a multisensory interaction by designing a user to experience with a 3D printed artifact which is mapped by a virtual 3D content of digital heritage. Compared with the existing systems of cultural heritage education based on augmented reality(AR) technology, this system focused on not only providing learning experience via a sense of visual and auditory, but also a sense of tactile. Furthermore, since this systems mainly provided the direct interactions using a 3D printed model, it gives a higher degree of realism than existing system that use touch or click motions on a 2D display of mobile phones and tablets. According to a result of user testing, we concluded that the proposed system delivered the excellent presence and learning flow to users. Particularly, from the usability evaluation, a 3D printed target artifact which is similar in shape to original heritage artifact, achieved the highest scores among the various tested targets.

Presence Experience & Effect of the Experiential Exhibition Content (체험형 전시 콘텐츠의 프레즌스 경험과 효과에 관한 연구)

  • Yeonsu Seol;Chungmin Joo
    • Smart Media Journal
    • /
    • v.13 no.1
    • /
    • pp.76-85
    • /
    • 2024
  • This study examined the Presence experience, resulting effects, and re-viewing intentions of visitors to experiential exhibition content. For this purpose a survey was conducted targeting 246 visitors to experiential exhibition content based on Hyecho's travel story and SilkRoad cultural heritage. As a result of the survey, understanding and interest in the content material and similar exhibition viewing experience did not affect Presence experience. In addition the higher the Presence experience of exhibition content, the greater the awareness and emotion that is the effect of Presence. And among the effects of Presence, emotion had a positive effect on revisiting intentions. Therefore, it was confirmed that future experiential exhibition contents require planning, production, and exhibition that allow users to experience Presence.

Scientific Analysis of Pigments in 20th Century Paintings for Selected Historical Churches of the Bohol, Philippines

  • Roxas, Gracile Celine;Han, Min Su;Moon, Dong Hyeok
    • Journal of Conservation Science
    • /
    • v.33 no.6
    • /
    • pp.507-518
    • /
    • 2017
  • Through a combination of scientific analytical methods, the coloring materials used in $20^{th}$ century paintings in historical churches of Baclayon, Dauis and Loay, which are municipalities in Bohol, Philippines, were studied. Inorganic pigments were identified using SEM-EDS and XRD. Iron-based pigments were commonly found in the paintings, yielding dark yellow and brown colors. Zinc oxide was identified as the white pigment in the ceiling paintings of Dauis Church and Loay Church, while titanium dioxide was detected in the column painting in Baclayon Church. Organic analysis showed the presence of Pigment Yellow 3, a synthetic organic pigment. Paint layers, as well as other components of the samples such as grounds and metal leaves, were examined microscopically. It was observed that different types of grounds were applied on different types of surfaces. Moreover, organic pigments were found in combination with white extender materials. Microscopic examination also revealed alterations in the artworks, such as the overpaint layer found in the samples from Baclayon Church cornice and the imitation metal leaf layers applied over the original gilt surface in the Loay Church retablo.

Preparation of Stick Type Solid Glue as Paper Adhesive Using Mixed Seaweed Extract

  • Oh, Seung-Jun;Han, Won-Sik;Wi, Koang-Chul
    • Journal of Conservation Science
    • /
    • v.35 no.4
    • /
    • pp.269-277
    • /
    • 2019
  • Seaweed extracts, namely carrageenan obtained from Grateloupia elliptica and algin obtained from Laminaria, were employed as adhesive agents to synthesize solid adhesives for paper. Carrageenan from Grateloupia elliptica with the highest adhesive strength and lgin from Laminaria with the highest compressive strength was selected. The selected carrageenan and algin were mixed in a ratio of 7:3, and the mixture was employed as an adhesive agent. At a high temperature, sodium stearate(used as a solidifying material) oxidized the seaweed extracts. Consequently, carrageenan and algin were added to the final manufacturing process. The adhesive strength of the final synthesized solid adhesive is found to be 3.02 MPa and the compressive strength is found to be 30.5 N. Compared to the adhesive strength (2.95 MPa) and compressive strength (30.11 N) of commercial solid adhesives, the obtained results indicate superior adhesion characteristics. Furthermore, the proposed adhesive is environment-friendly because the presence of volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, and heavy metals(such as chromium, lead, and cadmium) were not detected. Moreover, when used, the flatness of paper was twice that of commercial solid paper adhesives. Hence, the proposed adhesive can provide excellent adhesion, stability, and usability.

Application method of cultural heritage contents exhibition combining augmented reality technology (증강현실 기술을 결합한 문화유산콘텐츠의 전시활용)

  • Kang, Jae-Shin
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
    • /
    • v.8 no.5
    • /
    • pp.137-143
    • /
    • 2017
  • Augmented reality makes people feel realistic and reduces the damage to cultural properties that can come into contact with the actual cultural heritage. Augmented reality has the advantage that it can show the past appearance of the historical building or relics, the environment, or related information in addition to the current real environment. Despite these values ​and advantages, As a result of researches and analyzes of the Augmented Reality contents of the National Museum, 'palace in my hand', and the Miruksa project In the field of domestic cultural heritage warriors, augmented reality technology has shown a very negative attitude such as simply showing cultural heritage content or using it as a guide. However, various conditions such as display and sensor hardware and technology needed to realize augmented reality more effectively are improving day by day. And If you have various facilities such as the idea of ​adding storytelling to the exhibits and WiFi building, In the near future, it will be equipped with a display system of cultural heritage contents that combines augmented reality with a more complete one.

Kinetics of Enriched Chitinase as Extracellular Metabolite in Beauveria bassiana

  • Mondal, Subhoshmita;Datta, Siddhartha;Mukherjee, Alakananda;Bhattacharya, Pinaki
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
    • /
    • v.47 no.1
    • /
    • pp.96-104
    • /
    • 2019
  • Beauveria bassiana, one of the most common entomopathogenic fungi, has been isolated, pre defined and characterized in-house from soil of tea cultivation area. Experiments have been performed to verify the presence of chitinase as intracellular metabolite and its release as extracellular product rendering the spores with biopesticide activity. Although there are many responsible enzymes for the pest killer action of B. bassiana, binding property of chitinase depending on presence as well as absence of serine supplemented in the media has been studied with respect to the production and kinetics. A programmed investigation conclusively indicates that the isolated spore (hyphae) of B. bassiana has been metabolically enriched with the enzyme chitinase in presence of an externally added amino acid serine with its inhibitory kinetics.