• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hepatocarcinogenesis

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Effects of Pinocembrin on the Initiation and Promotion Stages of Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis

  • Punvittayagul, Charatda;Pompimon, Wilart;Wanibuchi, Hideki;Fukushima, Shoji;Wongpoomchai, Rawiwan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.2257-2261
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    • 2012
  • Pinocembrin (5, 7-dihydroxyflavanone) is a flavanone extracted from the rhizome of Boesenbergia pandurata. Our previous studies demonstrated that pinocembrin had no toxicity or mutagenicity in rats. We here evaluated its effects on the initiation and promotion stages in diethylnitrosamine-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis, using short- and medium-term carcinogenicity tests. Micronucleated hepatocytes and liver glutathione-S-transferase placental form foci were used as end point markers. Pinocembrin was neither mutagenic nor carcinogenic in rat liver, and neither inhibited nor prevented micronucleus formation as well as GST-P positive foci formation induced by diethylnitrosamine. Interestingly, pinocembrin slightly increased the number of GST-P positive foci when given prior to diethylnitrosamine injection.

Effects of Sardine Oil Feeding and Vitamin E Supplement on the Preneoplastic Hepatic Lesion and Cholesterol Metabolism in Hepatocarcinogenesis of Rats

  • Kim, Jung-Hee;Yoon, Hye-Jin;Jang, Ja-June
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.214-219
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    • 1996
  • This study was done to investigate effects of n-s fatty acids and vitamin E supplement on the preneoplastic hepatic enzyme altered foci and cholesterol metabolism in experimental hepatocarcinogenesis system. Weaning male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed the diet containing either 15% corn oil(CO) or sardine oil(SO) with or without vitamin E 800IU supplementation for 12 weeks. After two weeks of feeding, rats were intraper-itoneally injected with a single dose of diethylnitrosamine(DEN:200mg/kg, BW). At the 4th week, rats were given the diet containing 0.02% acetylaminofluorene(AAF) for next 4 weeks. At the 6th Week, 0.05% pheno-barbital was incorporated into diet for 6 weeks. At the end of 12th week, rats were sacrificed and hepatic glutathions S-transferase placental form positive(GST_{TEX}$P^{+}${/TEX}) foci and serum and liver cholesterol levels were determined. GST_{TEX}$P^{+}${/TEX} formation was significantly decreased by SO feeding when compared with Co feeding but it tended to be enhanced by vitamin E supplementation. Histopathological changes were similar to patterns of GST_{TEX}$P^{+}${/TEX} formation in almost all dietary groups. Serum and hepatic cholesterol levels of SO fed groups were significantly lower than those of CO fed groups. Carcinogen treatments significantly increased serum and liver cholesterol levels in CO fed groups but not in SO fed groups. Correlation data showed a positive correlation(${\gamma}$=0.83, p<0.01) between serum cholesterol level GST_{TEX}$P^{+}${/TEX} foci area. These results indicate that sardine oil as a m-3 fatty acid source may have a reducing effect in rat hepatocarcinogenesis by the altheration of cholesterol metabolism.

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Enhancing Effects of Indole-3-carbinol on Hepatocarcinogenesis and Thyroid Tumorigenesis in a Rat Multi-Organ Carcinogenesis Model

  • Kim, Dae-Joong;Han, Beom-Seok;Ahn, Byeong-Woo;Kim, Chang-Ok;Choi, Kwang-Sik;Lee, Joon-Sup
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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    • 1994.04a
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    • pp.339-339
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    • 1994
  • It has been reported that Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring compound In cruclferous vegetables, exerts anticarcinogenic activity In several organs In rodents. The modifying effects of I3C were therefore assessed uging a rat multi-organ carcinogenesis model. A total of 100 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided Into 3 groups. Animals of groups 1 and 2 were sequentially treated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN; 100 mg/kg b.w., i.p.), N-methylnitrosourea (NNU; 20 mg/kg b.w., 4 times for 2 weeks, i.p), and dihydroxy-di-N-propylnitrosauine (DHPN; 0.1% In d.w. for 2 weeks) for 4 weeks (DMD treatment). Animals of groups 1 and 3 were given the diet of 0.25% I3C for 20 weeks after DMD initiation and then were given basal diet for 28 weeks. All animals were sacrificed at week 24 and 52, respectively. I3C has been clearly demonstrated promoting effects on the development of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) positive hepatic foci at 24 weeks of the experiment. And I3C also exerted promoting potential In the hepatocellular adenoma (4/14; 29%) and the adenoma (7/14; 50%) of the thyroid gland at 52 weeks of the experiment. Therefore, I3C may promote hepatocarcinogenesis and thyroid tumorigenesis in the rat multi-organ carcinogenesis model.

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Effect of Kamicheonggan-tang on Pre-hepatocarcinogenesis Induced by N-nitrosomorpholine (가미청간탕이 N-nitrosomorpholine으로 유도된 전암성 간병변에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim Dong Hee;Choi Jeung Mok;Jo Dong il
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.734-744
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Kamicheonggan-tang(KCGT) on pre-hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine. The studied using blood chemistry, lipidperoxidation, antioxidant, immunohistochemistry and morphological change. The results were obtained as follows. In the pre-hepatocarcinogenesis induced by NMP, serum AST, ALT, ALP and total bilirubin were not changed in NMP and NK treated group after 1 st week, but desreased in NK treated group after 4th week as compared with NMP treated 4th week group. The content of GSH was similary to in NK treated groups as compares with data of normal group. The content of MDA was increased in NK treated group after 1st and 4th week, and more increased in the NMP treated group than those of their NK treated group. The immunohistochemically, stain of GST-p, positive lesions of KCGT were significantly decreased than those of NMP treated group. The histopathologically, fat changes, nucleotic changes, oval cell and inflammatory cells in periportal were observed in NMP treated fater 4th week, but those were significantly decreased from 4th week in the NK treated group. And the enlarged nucleus was not changed in KCGT treated group, but increased in NMP treated group after 1st and 4th week. The ultrastructurally, nucleotic changes, glycogen degeneration, lipid droplet and rER fragmentation were observed in NMP treated group after 4th week, but those changes were significantly decreased from 4th week in the NK treated group. These results suggested that KCGT extracts has protective effect on prehepatocarcinogenesis by NMP, might be usefully applied for clinical treatment of hapatic disease and also it was necessary to do more studies about its mechanisms.

Different Sources of $\omega3$ Fatty Acids at the Fixed Ratio of p/s Affect Glutathione Dependent Enzymes in Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis (간세포 암화과정에서 p/s 고정비율과 $\omega3$ 지방산 급원에 따른 전암성 병변과 Glutathione 의존 해독화 효소계에 미치는 영향)

  • 이해정;김혜경;최혜미
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.36 no.8
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    • pp.785-792
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    • 2003
  • This study is conducted to determine the effects of dietary source of $\omega$3 fatty acids on preneoplastic foci and the glutathione dependent enzymes in rat hepatocarcinogenesis initiated by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed one of three diets containing 10% (w/w) fats fixed p/s = -1.0 and $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio = -0.4 or 4.0 ; fish oil-com oil blended (FC), com oil-beef tallow-fish oil blended (CF), com oil-beef tallow-perilla oil blended (CP), from gestation period. At 10 weeks, animals of experimental groups were injected intraperitoneally with DEN (200 mg/kg body weight) and two-thirds partial hepatectomy was carried out 3 weeks later and were sacrificed 8 weeks after DEN initiation. The area and number of glutathione S-transferase placenta (GST-P) positive foci were significantly decreased in rats fed diets containing fish oil (FC and CF) than those fed perilla oil diet (CP). Fish oil feeding significantly increased the activities of glutathione dependent enzymes. Rats fed diets containing fish oil (FC and CF) significantly increased the glutathione (GSH) content and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Glutathione dependent enzymes had significantly negative correlation with GST-P positive foci. Glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) was increased in rats feeding fish oil. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were not different among groups. Therefore, the preventive effect against hepatocarcinogenesis might be explained by induction of the glutathione dependent enzymes and G6Pase. (Korean J Nutrition 36(8): 785∼792, 2003)

Preventive Effect of Hydrazinocurcumin on Carcinogenesis of Diethylnitrosamine-induced Hepatocarcinoma in Male SD Rats

  • Zhao, Ji-An;Peng, Li;Geng, Cui-Zhi;Liu, Yue-Ping;Wang, Xu;Yang, Hui-Chai;Wang, Shi-Jie
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.2115-2121
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the preventive effects of hydrazinocurcumin (HZC) on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in a male Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model. One hundred and twenty male SD rats used in this study were divided into six groups. Those receiving DEN with curcumin (CUR) or HZC were studied compared with the DEN-alone group. The study demonstrated that DEN induced severe histological and immunohistochemical changes in liver tissues, significantly increasing the levels of liver marker enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ${\gamma}$-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and total bilirubin level (TBL)). The hepatocarcinoma incidences were 100.0%, 36.7% and 20.0% in the DEN-alone, DEN-CUR and DEN-HZC groups, respectively. Although macroscopic and microscopic features suggested that both CUR and HZC were effective in inhibiting DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, HZC was exerted a stronger influence. Immunohistochemical analysis with PCNA demonstrated significantly differences among the groups (all P < 0.05). Taken together, the results suggested application of CUR and HZC could prevent the occurrence of carcinogenesis and HZC may be a more potent compound for prevention of DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats than CUR.

Study on natural killer cell activity and its characteristics during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats (랫드의 간암 발생과정에서 분리한 자연살해세포의 활성측정 및 특성연구)

  • Jeong, Ja-young;Lee, Kuk-kyung;Kil, Jwang-sup;Lee, Yong-soon
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.169-176
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    • 1999
  • The purposes of this study were to set up the method of the natural killer(NK) cell activity assay using the flow cytometer and to examine the characteristics and distribution of the NK cell during rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Forty five male 6 week-old specific pathogen free(SPF) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group I was the non-treated control and given normal diet and water. Group II was treated with diethylnitrosamine(DEN, 200mg/kg, i.p.) and partial hepatectomy. Group III was treated with DEN, partial hepatectomy and 0.05% phenobarbital sodium in water from 3 to 16 weeks. All animals were examined the morphology of the large granular lymphocyte(LGL), the LGL percent of the total lymphocytes and the LGL conjugation rate with YAC-1 cell in peripheral blood, spleen and liver. Moreover, activity of the LGL isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined using the flow cytometer. As results, LGL were observed in the peripheral blood, spleen and liver. LGL were observed the relatively faintly staining basophilic cytoplasm with granules, and eccentric, often kidney-shaped nuclei in Giemsa stain. Its size was $11{\sim}13{\mu}m$. LGL percentage of the isolated lymphocytes in peripheral blood, spleen and liver were 1.8~2.3%, 1.3~1.4% and 0.87~0.99%, respectively. LGL conjugation rate with YAC-1 cell was shown to be peripheral blood(9.3~10.3 %) > spleen(7.7~8.7%) > liver(5.6~7.0%). The activity of the LGL isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes in Group I, II and III was 33.7%, 30.5% and 35.4%, respectively. However, all values were not significantly between groups.

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Pre- and post-initiation modulating effects of green tea ingestion on rat hepatocarcinogenesis

  • Kim, Hyung-Sook;Kim, Hee-Seon;Choi, Hay-Mie
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.2 no.4
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    • pp.234-239
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of green tea ingestion on hepatocarcinogenesis before and after its initiation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN76A diet with or without green tea. Initiation was induced by a single dose (200 mg/kg) of diethylnitrosamine at week 4 and 0.02% (w/w) 2-acetylaminofluorene was supplied in the diets. The control group had free access to water for 13 weeks (CTR13). Tea infusion was provided from the beginning of the experiment for 13 weeks (PRE13) or from the post-initiation stage until week 13 (POST13). Three other groups (CTR24, PRE24 and POST24) were added to examine the longer-term effects (24 weeks) with the same experimental design. The percentage area of liver sections that were positive for hepatic placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P), which was used as a marker of preneoplastic lesions, was smaller in PRE13 ($20.2{\pm}5.0%$, $mean{\pm}SD$) and POST13 ($26.0{\pm}4.8%$) than in CTR13 ($33.2{\pm}5.8%$, p<0.05). Over the longer period, the GST-P lesions were significantly smaller for both PRE24 and POST24 ($21.6{\pm}8.5%$ and $22.2{\pm}4.0%$, respectively) than for CTR24 ($28.6{\pm}5.1%$, p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between PRE24 and POST24. The liver content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly lower in the tea groups than in the controls (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed among groups of GST activity. The results show that tea consumption exhibits a stronger short-term initiation-inhibiting ability in liver carcinogenesis, but over a longer period, the preventive effects of green tea ingestion do not differ in post- and pre-initiation.