• 제목/요약/키워드: Hepatic cells

검색결과 649건 처리시간 0.026초

Telluric Acid가 흰쥐 간조직의 미세구조에 미치는 영향 (Ultrastructural Changes Induced by Telluric Acid in the Rat Liver)

  • 손석주;정영길;조승묵;백태경;최창도;최월봉
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.83-103
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    • 1995
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of telluric acid on the histological and fine structural changes in the rat liver. Fischer 344 rats($150{\sim}200gm$) were used in this study as control and experimental groups. Telluric acid(5 mg/100 gm of body weight) suspensed in olive oil was given intraperitoneally to the animals of the experimental group and only olive oil to those of the control group. At the intervals of 3, 6 and 12 hours, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 days after administration, the animals were sacrificed, and livers were obtained from the rats. For light microscopic examination of the liver, sections($5{\mu}m$) were stained with hematoxylineosin(H-E). For electron microscopic examination of the liver, sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, finally examined with Zeiss EM 109 electron microscopes. The results obtained were as follows. 1. In the control group, round nucleus. well developed mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER) and numerous glycogen particles were observed in the cytoplasm of the hepatocyte. In the cytoplasmic membranes of the hepatocyte, sinusoidal surface had numerous microvilli and cellular surface is combinated adjacent hepatocyte with desmosomes. The RER cisterns were dilated and zymogen granules were fewer than those of the dark cells. Kupffer cells with irregular nuclear membrane were observed. Fat storing cell and collagenous fiber bundle were observed in the Disse space. 2. Kupffer cell, inflammatory cells in the connective tissue of hepatic triad and lysosome were increased in the 3, 6, and 12 hour experimental group comparing with that of the control group. 3. In the 1 day experimental group, infiltration of inflammatory cells in interlobular connective tissue, dilatation of sinusoidal capillary and increasing of Kupffer cell were observed. Atropic change of hepatocyte and aggregation of glycogen particles in the cytoplasm of hepatocyte were observed. In this group, desmosome near bile canaliculi and collagenous fiber bundle in the Disse space were increased comparing with that of the 12 hours experimental group. In the 2 days experimental group, desmosome, lysosome, peroxisome and collagenous fiber bundle were increased comparing with that of the 1 day experimental group. Furthermore, lamellated bodies were also seen in the cytoplasm of the hepatocyte. 4. In 3 and 5 days experimental groups, transformations of hepatic cell cord and degeneration of the hepatocyte were markedly inclosed comparing with the all experimental groups. And damaged RER and mitochondria. collagenous fiber bundle were also inclosed comparing with that of the 2 days experimental group. Autophagosome and fat storing cells with large lipid droplets were also observed comparing with that of the 2 days experimental group. Tight junction and desmosome between the hepatocytes were separated. These degenerating changes were severe through the all experimental groups. 5. In the 10 and 20 days experimental groups, arrangement of hepatic cell cords and cell organelles of hepatocytes were similar to those of the control group. However, aggregation of glycogen particles, dilatation of sinusoidal capillary and infiltration of inflammatory cells remained. 6. In the 30 days experimental group, the tissue findings were similar to those of the control grout. But lamellated bodies in some hepatocytes and lysosome were remained in the cytoplasms of the Kupffer cells. In the 60 days experimental group, these all changes were recovered as the control group. In conclusion, telluric acid would directly induce the degenerative and necrotic changes on the hepatic tissue. However, these changes were perfectly recoverd in the 60 days experimental group as the control group.

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Preclinical Efficacy and Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Animal Models of Autoimmune Diseases

  • Lee, Hong Kyung;Lim, Sang Hee;Chung, In Sung;Park, Yunsoo;Park, Mi Jeong;Kim, Ju Young;Kim, Yong Guk;Hong, Jin Tae;Kim, Youngsoo;Han, Sang-Bae
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2014
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are present in diverse tissues and organs, including bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, and placenta. MSCs can expand easily in vitro and have regenerative stem cell properties and potent immunoregulatory activity. They inhibit the functions of dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells, but enhance those of regulatory T cells by producing immunoregulatory molecules such as transforming growth factor-${\beta}$, hepatic growth factors, prostaglandin $E_2$, interleukin-10, indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase, nitric oxide, heme oxygenase-1, and human leukocyte antigen-G. These properties make MSCs promising therapeutic candidates for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the preclinical studies of MSCs in animal models for systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and summarize the underlying immunoregulatory mechanisms.

cDNA Sequences for Asialoglycoprotein Receptor from Human Fetal Liver

  • Lee, Dong-Gun;Lee, Sung-Gu;Kim, Kil-Lyong;Hahm, Kyung-Soo
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.299-301
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    • 1997
  • The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) was the first described mammalian lectin that mediates the specific binding and internalization of galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine-terminating glycoproteins by hepatic parenchymal cells. H1 and H2 are known as essential subunits of the functional ASGPR. There were close similarities in ASGPR H2 subunits between cultured cell line HepG2 and normal human liver cells including identical sequences at both termini. It was therefore expected that there may be some similarities between the subunits from normal liver cells and fetal liver cells. The two subunits of human fetal liver ASGPR. designated FL-H1 and FL-H2. were cloned from cDNA library by peR and the sequences were compared with the known HI and H2 sequences of HepG2, and the H1 sequence of nornal human liver cells. The results showed that FL-H1 was identical to H1 of HepG2. Whereas FL-H2 contains a 15-bp miniexon, but missing 57-bp at the near upstream from the membrane-spanning domain compared to H2 of HepG2 and normal human liver cells indicating that FL-H2 resulted from a differential splicing compared to HepG2 and normal liver cells.

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간의 파골세포모양 거대세포 종양의 세침흡인 세포학적 소견 (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Osteoclast-like Giant Cell Tumor of the Liver)

  • 박찬식;김지은;장미수
    • 대한세포병리학회지
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.79-84
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    • 1999
  • Osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the liver is an extremely rare malignancy with poor prognosis. To our knowledge, 5 cases have been reported in English literatures, but there was no report about fine needle aspiration cytologic(FNAC) features. We experienced a case of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the liver obtained by computed tomography(CT)-guided FNAC and needle biopsy. The cytologic findings mimicked slant cell tumor of the bone. A large hepatic mass of the left lobe with abdominal wall invasion was found by CT in a 46- year-old female complaining of epigastric pain. The FNAC showed moderately cellular smears consisting of osteoclast-like giant cells and mononuclear cells, which were individually scattered or intermingled in clusters. The osteoclast-like giant cells had abundant cytoplasms and multiple small round nuclei with fine chromatin and distinct nucleoli. The mononuclear cells had moderate amount of cytoplasm and relatively bland-looking oval nuclei with single small nucleoli. All of the cytologic features recapitulated the histologic findings of bland-looking osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells evenly dispersed throughout the background of mononuclear cell. The immunohistochemical study showed positive reaction for CD68 and vimentin, but negative for cytokeratin in both osteoclast-like slant cells and mononuclear cells.

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Protein Kinase C-delta Stimulates Haptoglobin Secretion

  • Oh, Mi-Kyung;Park, Seon-Joo;Kim, Nam-Hoon;Kim, In-Sook
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.130-134
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    • 2007
  • Haptoglobin (Hp) is a glycoprotein that is produced by hepatic cells and secreted into the circulation. While studying the physiologic functions of Hp, we found that Hp synthesized in THP-1 monocytic cells was largely retained within cells, although Hp is considered a secretory protein. To investigate the molecular mechanism on Hp secretion in THP-1 cells, in the present study, we examined the effect of protein kinase C (PKC) on Hp secretion. When several inhibitors of PKC isoforms were tested, only Rottlerin, a specific inhibitor of PKC-$\delta$, completely blocked Hp secretion from cells to culture medium. To confirm the role of PKC-$\delta$ in Hp secretion, Hp-overexpressing COS7 cells were transiently transfected with a wild-type or a dominantnegative mutant of the PKC-$\delta$ gene. Mutant PKC-$\delta$ significantly inhibited Hp secretion, whereas the wild-type gene slightly increased Hp secretion. These results demonstrate that the PKC-$\delta$ signal is involved in Hp secretion.

팔정산가감방(八正散加減方)이 고지방식이(高脂肪食餌)를 한 백서(白鼠)의 간(肝) 및 부고환지방조직(副睾丸脂肪組織)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 대한 조직화학적(組織化學的) 연구(硏究) (The Histological Study about the Effects of Paljeungsan-gagambang on Liver and Epididymal Cell of Rats Fed High Fat Diet)

  • 김봉현;김상찬;김선희;김연변
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.141-156
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    • 1998
  • This histological study was performed to investigate the effects of .Paljeungsan-gagambang on the epididymal fat cell size, number and the fat drop area of hepatic lobule of rats fed High Fat Diet. Paljeungsan-gagambang was orally administered to the rats of sample group 26mg per 200g of rat's weight everyday for 4 weeks, and the control group were just fed with equal amount of saline solution. Then they are the epididymal fat cell size, epididymal fat cell numberand fat drop area of hepatic lobule that were measured. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The size of the epididymal fat cell was decreased significantly as compared with the control group. 2. The number of the epididymal fat cells was decreased significantly as compared with the control group in distribution chart classified by cell size 3. The Area(%) of the Fat drops in the hepatic lobule was decreased significantly as compared with the control group. According to the above results, it is considered that Paljeungsan-gagambang have effects on the decrease of the epididymal fat cell size, number and fat drop area of hepatic lobule of rats fed high fat diet; Thus, the adminisrtation of Paljeungsan-gagambang is considered to have an improving effect on obesities and liver diseases caused by high fat diet.

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THE EFFECT OF DIETARY FATS ON THE HEPATIC AND INTESTINAL 3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE ACTIVITIES IN CHICKS

  • Youn, B.S.;Tananka, K.;Ohtani, S.;Santoso, U.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.281-290
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    • 1993
  • This experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of degree of unsaturation (Experiment 1) and the chain length of constituent fatty acids of dietary fats (Experiment 2) on-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activities in the liver and small intestine of chicks. Chicks were fed experimental diets for 10 days and then killed for the determination of the HMG-CoA reductase activities in the intestinal epithelial cell and hepatic microsomes. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity showed the highest value in chicks fed the tallow-containing diet. Chicks fed diets containing safflower or coconut oil resulted in a significantly lower intestinal HMG-CoA reductase activity in comparison with those fed the olive oil-containing diet. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly higher when fat-free and trilaurin were fed than when any other triglycerides were fed. This activity showed the lowest value in the chicks fed the diet containing tristearin. The HMG-CoA reductase activities in the jejunum and ileum were significantly or tended to be higher when trilaurin was fed than when any other triglycerides were fed. Except when trilaurin was fed, the presence of saturated fat in the diet did not have a significant effect on the intestinal HMG-CoA reductase activity, unlike the effect shown when a highly unsaturated fat was added to the diet. There was no significant correlation between the HMG-CoA reductase activities of the liver and intestinal, and the HMG-CoA reductase activity and cholesterol content of the intestinal epithelial cells.

산청목(山靑木)이 간섬유화 진행 억제에 미치는 효과에 대한 연구 (A Study of the Inhibitory Effect of Acer tegmentosum Max. on Fibrogenesis in Hepatic Stellate Cell Line T6)

  • 이승보;우홍정
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.346-355
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    • 2010
  • Objectives : This study was performed in order to investigate the anti-fibrogenic effect of Acer tegmentosum Maxim. on r at hepatic stellate cell line T6. Materials and Methods : Hepatic stellate Cells (T6) were treated with various concentrations of distilled water Acer teg mentosum Maxim. extract for 24, 48, 72 hours. After the treatment, cell viability, proliferation, procollagen levels, mRNA of AS MA, MMP-2, collagen type 1a2 and IL-6 production were measured using MTT assay, BrdU assay, RT-PCR, procollagen typ e 1 C-peptide EIA kit and murine IL-6 ELISA development kit. Results : Cell viability of HSC-T6 decreased significantly in both 24 hours and 48 hours groups in a dose-dependant man ner. Proliferation of HSC also decreased in the same way. In the RT-PCR, mRNA expression of collagen type 1a2 and ASMA decreased in the groups which were treated with Acer tegmentosum Maxim. for 24 hours. The production of procollagen tended to decrease in a dose-dependant manner in the 24 hours treated group. IL-6 production increased under Acer tegmentosum trea tment in a dose-dependant manner in both 24 and 48 hours groups. Conclusion : These results show the possibility that Acer tegmentosum Maxim. can be an effective remedy for liver fibrosi s and liver cirrhosis.

Licochalcone Suppresses LXRα-Induced Hepatic Lipogenic Gene Expression through AMPK/Sirt1 Pathway Activation

  • Han, Jae Yun;Park, Sun Hee;Yang, Ji Hye;Kim, Mi Gwang;Cho, Seung Sik;Yoon, Goo;Cheon, Seung Hoon;Ki, Sung Hwan
    • Toxicological Research
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.19-25
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    • 2014
  • Licochalcone (LC), a major phenolic retrochalcone from licorice, has anti-inflammatory activity. This study investigated the effects of licochalcone A (LCA) and licochalcone E (LCE) on Liver X receptor-${\alpha}$ ($LXR{\alpha}$)-mediated lipogenic gene expression and the molecular mechanisms underlying those effects. LCA and LCE antagonized the ability of $LXR{\alpha}$ agonists (T0901317 or GW3965) to increase sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) expression and thereby inhibited target gene expression (e.g., FAS and ACC) in HepG2 cells. Moreover, treatment with LCA and LCE impaired $LXR{\alpha}/RXR{\alpha}$-induced CYP7A1-LXRE-luciferase (CYP7A1) transactivation. The AMPK-Sirt1 signaling pathway is an important regulator of energy metabolism and, therefore, a potential therapeutic target for metabolic diseases, including hepatic steatosis. We found here that LCE increased AMPK phosphorylation and Sirt1 expression. We conclude that LC inhibits SREBP-1c-mediated hepatic lipogenesis via activation of the AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathway.

Ginseng essence, a medicinal and edible herbal formulation, ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress and liver injury in rats

  • Lu, Kuan-Hung;Weng, Ching-Yi;Chen, Wei-Cheng;Sheen, Lee-Yan
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제41권3호
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    • pp.316-325
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    • 2017
  • Background: Ginseng essence (GE) is a formulation comprising four medicinal and edible herbs including ginseng (Panax ginseng), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), lotus seed (Nelumbo nucifera), and lily bulb (Lilium longiflorum). This study was aimed at investigating the hepatoprotective effect of GE against carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced liver injury in rats. Methods: We treated Wistar rats daily with low, medium, and high [0.625 g/kg body weight (bw), 1.25 g/kg bw, and 3.125 g/kg bw, respectively] doses of GE for 9 wk. After the 1st wk of treatment, rats were administered 20% $CCl_4$ (1.5 mL/kg bw) two times a week to induce liver damage until the treatment ended. Results: Serum biochemical analysis indicated that GE ameliorated the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase and albumin decline in $CCl_4$-treated rats. Moreover, $CCl_4$-induced accumulation of hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride was inhibited. The hepatoprotective effects of GE involved enhancing the hepatic antioxidant defense system including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. In addition, histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining showed that GE inhibited $CCl_4$-induced hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of alpha-smooth muscle actin indicated that $CCl_4$-triggered activation of hepatic stellate cells was reduced. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that GE improves $CCl_4$-induced liver inflammation and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, GE could be a promising hepatoprotective herbal formulation for future development of phytotherapy.