• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.377-383
• /
• 1997

To investigate the circadian variation in the bromobenzene metabolism, bromobenzene(400 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally administered to the rats every other day for 6 days both in the night; 24:00 and the day; 12:00. Each group of animals was sacrificed at 8hr after last injection of bromobenzene. The contents of hepatic CYP were more increased in control rats of night phase than those of day phase but in case of bromobenzene treatment there were no differences in hepatic CYP between rats of the night phase and those of day phase and the injection of prednisolon inhibited the hepatic CYP content in rats. Furthermore, the decreasing rate of hepatic glutathione contents to the control was higher in rats of day phase than those of night phase by the bromobenzene treatment. And the hepatic glutathione S-transferase activities were increased both in control and bromobenzene treated rats of the night phase than those of day phase. On the other hand, liver weight per body weight(%), hepatic lipid peroxide content, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase were more increased both in bromobenzene-treated and control rats of the night phase than those in the day phase. These results indicate that the rats of night phase may induce more accelerated formation of bromobenzene 3,4-oxide from bromobezene than those of day phase in rats.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.182-189
• /
• 2004

To find the action mechanism of the MeOH extract (LFS) of Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis herbs (Compositae) and its active component, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (DCQA) on antihepatotoxicity, the effect was investigated on hepatic lipid perxodation and drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in acetaminophen-treated rat. Pretreatment with 250 mg/kg LFS (p.o.) and 10 mg/kg DCQA (p.o.) significantly decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation caused by acetaminophen injection. Further, LFS and DCQA inhibited hepatic microsomal enzyme activation such as hepatic P-450 cytochrome $b_5$, aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase, suggesting that the two substances might effectively prevent the metabolic activation or scavenge electrophilic intermediates capable of causing hepatotoxicity. Both LFS and DCQA increased hepatic glutathione content and glutathione reductase activity, indicating that both resultantly prevented hepatotoxicity via antioxidative mechanism. Therefore, it was found that LFS had antihepatotoxicity based on the antioxidative action of DCQA.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.124-132
• /
• 2013

In this study, novel peptides (NIPP-1, NIPP-2) derived from Navicula incerta (microalgae) protein hydrolysate were explored for their inhibitory effects on collagen release in hepatic fibrosis with the investigation of its underlying mechanism of action. TGF-${\beta}1$ activated fibrosis in LX-2 cells was examined in the presence or absence of purified peptides NIPP-1 and NIPP-2. Besides the mechanisms of liver cell injury, protective effects of NIPP-1 and NIPP-2 were studied to show the protective mechanism against TGF-${\beta}1$ stimulated fibrogenesis. Our results showed that the core protein of NIPP-1 peptide prevented fibril formation of type I collagen, elevated the MMP level and inhibited TIMP production in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment of NIPP-1 and NIPP-2 on TGF-${\beta}1$ induced LX-2 cells alleviated hepatic fibrosis. Moreover, ${\alpha}$-SMA, TIMPs, collagen and PDGF in the NIPP-1 treated groups were significantly decreased. Therefore, it could be suggested that NIPP-1 has potential to be used in anti-fibrosis treatment.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.739-744
• /
• 2009

This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic action of administration of Nigella sativa (NS) and Peganum harmala (PH) oils in diabetes and hepatic toxicity. Results show that treatment of diabetic rats with NS oil or PH oil ameliorate hyperglycaemia induced stress oxidative and hepatic dysfunction in diabetic rats. Administration of NS or PH oil to diabetic rats caused an anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities by the decrease in plasmatic glucose level and increase in hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glycogen contents compared to untreated diabetic rats. Besides, NS and PH oils protect the hepatic function observed by decrease of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCh), and increase of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-Ch) levels in serum and hepatic tissues. Moreover, a diminution in the bilirubin, transaminase glutanic pyruvic (TGP), and transaminase pyruvic oxaloacetic (TPO) contents in serum and the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels (TBARs) in hepatic tissues are also detected.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.41-59
• /
• 2006

Chronic liver diseases and hepatic cancer have been reported as 10% of cause of death in Koreans. Regardless of various causes, chronic liver disease accompanies commonly hepatic fibrosis. But still the mechanism of hepatic fibrosis remains poorly understood. Using the dimethylnitrosamine(DMN)-induced hepatic fibrosis rat model, We performed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effect of RIP(extracts of Phellodendron amurense and Patrinia scabiosaefolia) and to investigate the changes in referential connective tissue proteins($TGF-{\beta}_1$, ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin, and vimentin) as a marker of fibrogenesis. For these purposes, liver tissues were stained with H & E, and Azan staining for estimation of developing fibrosis. In the DMN-treated rat liver tissue, fibrosis were developed forming incomplete septal fibrosis. Whereas, in the RIP-treated rat liver tissues, the fibrosis were decreased recovering to normal morphology. The expressions of $TGF-{\beta}_1$, ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin($\alpha-SMA$), and vimetin were increased in the DMN-treated rat liver tissues, but decreased in the various areas of RIP-treated rat liver tissues. According to these results, RIP could be a possible therapeutic agent to reduce hepatic fibrosis, and the $TGF-{\beta}_1$, ${\alpha}$-SMA, and vimentin could be possible indicative markers of hepatic fibrosis development and recovery.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.151-162
• /
• 2005

Hemangioma is the most common benign tumor of the liver, with a prevalence estimated as high as 7%. Tc-99m red blood cell (RBC) hepatic blood pool scan with single photon omission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging is extremely useful for the confirmation or exclusion of hepatic hemangiomas. The classic finding of absent or decreased perfusion and increased blood pooling ("perfusion/blood pool mismatch") is the key diagnostic element in the diagnosis of hemangiomas. The combination of early arterial flow and delayed blood pooling ("perfusion/blood pool match") is shown uncommonly. In giant hemangioma, filling with radioactivity appears first in the periphery, with progressive central fill-in on sequential RBC blood pool scan. However, the reverse filling pattern, which begins first in the center with progressive peripheral filling, is also rarely seen. Studies with false-positive blood pooling have been reported infrequently in nonhemangiomas, including hemangiosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic adenoma, and metastatic carcinomas (adenocarcinoma of the colon, small cell carcinoma of the lung, neruroendocrine carcinoma). False-negative results have been also reported rarely except for small hemagniomas that are below the limits of spatial resolution of gamma camera.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.233-239
• /
• 1990

The efect of acute renal failure (ARF) on the pharmacokinetics o sulfobromophthalein (BSP) was investigated in order to elucidate if renal failure modifies the hepatic metabolism of drugs. ARF was induced by intravenous (iv) injection of uranyl nitrate (UN) to rats (5 mg/kg) five days before the experiment. Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC)of BSP after portal vein (pv) injection increased by 2-fold and total body clearance ($CL_1$) decreased one half (p <0.01) in UN-induced ARF (UN-ARF) rate compared to the control rats. But the plasma disappearance of BSP after iv injection did not differ significantly between control and UN-ARF rats. Since BSP is excreted via the liver, $CL_1$ represented the approximate hepatic clearance of BSP. Therefore, the decrease in $CL_1$ represented the approximate hepatic clearance of BSP. Therefore, the decrease in $CL_1$ represents a decrease in hepatic intrinsic clearance ($CL_{int}$) for BSP since plasma free fraction ($f_p$) of BSP was not affected by UN-ARF. The content of hepatic cytoplasmic Y-protein, which catalyzes BSP-glutathione conjugation and limits the trasfer of BSP from blood to bile, increased significantly (p < 0.01), however its binding activity (BA) for BSP was decreased significantly (p <0.01) by UN-ARF. The decrease in $CL_{int}$might have some correlation with the changed characteristics of hepatic Y-protein, specifically its decreased BA for BSP.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2011

The effect of diet supplementation of Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk fibroin on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense status in high fat-fed mice was investigated. The animals were given normal control diet (NC group), high fat diet (HF group), or high fat diet supplemented with A. pernyi silk fibroin powder (HFS group) for 7 weeks. After the experimental period, the HF group showed significant increase in body weight, plasma and hepatic total cholesterol levels, and hepatic triglyceride concentration, and decreased activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes relative to NC group. However, the HFS group exhibited marked reduction in body weight, plasma cholesterol and hepatic triglyceride levels, hepatic lipogenic enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation rate, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, fecal triglyceride content, and antioxidant enzymes activities compared with that of HF group. These findings demonstrate that dietary feeding of A. pernyi silk fibroin could improve the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system via regulation of hepatic antioxidant and lipogenic enzymes activities. Hence, this silk fibroin may be beneficial as a functional biomaterial for the development of therapeutic agent against high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and its related diseases.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.98-103
• /
• 2000

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the CT findings of hepatic hypereosinophilic syndrome in which hepatic lobes or segments were involved. Materials and Methods: Seven patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome with hepatic lobar or segmental involvement were included in our study. In all seven, diagnosis was based on liver biopsy and the results of corticosteroid treatment. CT findings were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists, who reached a consensus. Biopsy specimens were examined, with special reference to portal and periportal inflammation. Results: CT demonstrated well-defined, homogeneous or heterogeneous low attenuation with a straight margin limited to a hepatic lobe (n = 2), segments (n = 3), or subsegments (n = 2), particularly during the portal phase. Where there was subsegmental involvement, lesions were multiple, ovoid or wedge-shaped, and showed low attenuation. In two patients with lobar or segmental involvement, segmental portal vein narrowing was observed. Histopathologic examination disclosed eosinophilic infiltration in the periportal area, sinusoids and central veins, as well as portal phlebitis. Conclusion: Hypereosinophilic syndrome may involve the presence of hepatic lobar, segmental, or subsegmental low-attenuated lesions, as seen on CT images. Their presence may be related to damage of the liver parenchyma and to portal phlebitis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.1789-1794
• /
• 2015

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver problem in diabetes, is a risk factor for liver cancer. Diabetes, high body mass index (BMI) and old age can all contribute to NAFLD progression. Transient elastography (TE) is used for non-invasive fibrosis assessment. Objectives: To identify the prevalence of NAFLD and significant hepatic fibrosis in diabetic patients and to assess associated factors. Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-one diabetic and 60 normal subjects were screened. Fatty liver was diagnosed when increased hepatic echogenicity and vascular blunting were detected by ultrasonography. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) representing hepatic fibrosis was assessed by TE. LSM ${\geq}7$ kPa was used to define significant hepatic fibrosis. Results: Four cases were excluded due to positive hepatitis B viral markers and failed TE. Diabetic patients had higher BMI, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference and fasting glucose levels than normal subjects. Fatty liver was diagnosed in 82 (60.7%) diabetic patients but in none of the normal group. BMI (OR: 1.31; 95%CI: 1.02-1.69; p=0.038) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)(OR: 1.14; 95%CI: 1.05-1.23; p=0.002) were associated with NAFLD. Diabetic patients with NAFLD had higher LSM than those without [5.99 (2.4) vs 4.76 (2.7) kPa, p=0.005)]. Significant hepatic fibrosis was more common in diabetic patients than in normal subjects [22 (16.1%) vs 1 (1.7%), p=0.002]. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)(OR: 1.24; 95%CI: 1.07-1.42; p=0.003) was associated with significant hepatic fibrosis. Conclusions: Sixty and sixteen percent of diabetic patients were found to have NAFLD and significant hepatic fibrosis. High BMI and ALT levels are the predictors of NAFLD, and elevated AST level is associated with significant hepatic fibrosis.