• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.667-675
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• 2014

Two types of diets, extruded pellet (EP) and raw-fish-based moist pellet (MP) were fed to compare growth, water quality and histology of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus in Jeju fish farm. Two groups of 7000 fish per each tank (initial mean weight 51 g) were fed one of two diets for 7 months. At the end of the feeding trial, significant differences were found in weight gain and feed utilization. Dissolved oxygen (DO) level of the MP tank was decreased from 7.98 to 6.89 after feeding. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase of fish fed the two diets. Whole body protein content of fish fed the EP was significantly higher than that of fish fed the MP. While the feeding rate by month indicated numerically decreased, fish fed the MP had higher feed intake than that of fish fed the EP. Histological examination of hepatopancreas, kidney, and anterior intestine of fish fed the EP did not show any negative effects compared to those of fish fed the MP. This study revealed that EP could substitute for MP in terms of growth performance, blood parameters, water quality and histology of olive flounder.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.341-350
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• 2003

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify dietary factors related to infertility in Korean women through a case-control study. Methods: The case group was composed of 236 women who had been diagnosed as infertility in hospital. The control group of 181 healthy women with children were recruited from local immunization centers. Socio-economic status, medical history, dietary intakes using food frequency questionnaire and stress were surveyed by interview. Anthropometric measurements were made and the causes of infertility were identified through medical records. Fasting blood samples were taken from subgroup of the subjects. Results: The mean age of infertile and control groups was 31.1 and 32.4 years, respectively and the difference was statistically significant. The mean Body Mass Index of infertile women was not significantly different from control women, however, Waist/ Hip Ratio and Triceps Skinfolds Thickness were significantly lower in infertile women than in control women. The dietary intake status was generally satisfactory in both groups. The intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, retinol, vitamin B2 and niacin were lower in infertile women than in control women. The infertile women also showed lower intakes of animal foods. No differences were found between two groups in serum concentrations of albumin, hemoglobin, Fe, TIBC, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, C3, IgA, IL-2, however, infertile women showed higher levels of Zn and IgG. The stress score was higher in infertile women. Conclusions: From the results of this study, dietary factors and nutritional status do not seem to be directly related to infertility. However, the intertile women have lower nutrient intake and lower body fat content than control women. Further researches are needed according to the causes of infertility for long term to establish the relationship between dietary factors and infertility.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2010

토탄과 같은 자연소재를 이용한 자연친화적인 연안 저질개선제 살포가 꼬막의 혈액학적 성상 몇 근육 글리코겐 함량에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보기 위하여 실내 실험을 실시하였다. 저질개선제를 단위면적($m^2$)당 0, 100, 300, 800g의 양을 살포 후 10일 동안 숙성시킨 꼬막을 수조에 수용하여 14일 동안 사육 실험한 결과 저질개선제를 단위면적($m^2$)당 800g 살포한 구에서 48시간 후에 1개체가 폐사한 것 이외에 심험종료까지 폐사가 일어나지 않아 자연소재로 구성된 저질개선제가 생물 자체에는 직접적인 독성을 나타내지 않는 것으로 판단된다. 꼬막 혈액의 전혈량, 헤마토크리트값, 헤모글로빈량에 있어서는 저질개선제 살포 농도별 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 혈액 글루코스량 및 근육 글리코겐량은 대조구와 비교하여 증가하는 경향이었다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.41-56
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• 1971

The pathogenetic mechanisms of anemia in patients with chronic liver disease were observed. Seventeen patients with moderate to advanced hepatic diseass were studied by various methods. Only patients without previous blood loss were included: 14 had cirrhosis, 2 had active chronic hepatitis, and one had inferior vena cava obstruction with associated liver cirrhosis. The followings were the results: 1. The anemia based on red blood cell count, Hb., and Ht. was found in 76.5-78.6% of the patients. 2. Red cell indices indicated that normo-macrocytic and normochromic anemia was present is the majority of the patients. 3. No evidence of megaloblastic anemia was found on the basis of the morphological examinations. 4. Serum iron, TIBC, % saturation and iron content in the bone marrow indicated that iron deficiency anemia was present in about half of the patients. 5. In the view of the erythrocyte dynamics, primary increase in the red cell destruction was ascribed to the cause of the anemia. 6. Decrease in the red cell survival time was not correlated with MCV, % saturation and S.L. ratio. Also, hemoglobin level was not correlated with MCV, % saturation and $T_{50}Cr$. Therefore, multiple causes may be involved in the pathogenesis of the anemia. 7. Anemia as determined by the red cell volume was found in only 60% of the patients. It may be possible that hemodilutional anemia is present.

• 생태와환경
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• 제37권3호통권108호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2004

Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP)는 내분비장애물질로 분류되어 있는 플라스틱 가소제로서 in vitro에서 혈구세포막에 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 동자개, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco를 대상으로 DEHP 급성 노출에 따른 혈액학적 영향을 파악하기위하여 어체중 당 300 및 1,000 mg의 DEHP를 복강주사하였다. DEHP (1,000 mg b.w. $^{-1}$에 노출된 동자개는 적혈구수와 혈색소 농도 및 적혈구 용적이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한, 혈청 내 유기성분인 총단백질량, 콜레스테를 수치는 300 및 1,000 mg 주사구에서 유의적으로 감소하였으며 지방산의 농도는 1,000 mg 주사구에서 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 혈청 무기성분인 칼슘농도와 혈액 삼투압 농도는 1,000 mg DEHP 노출구에서 유의적인 감소가 관찰되었다.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• 제33권53호
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• pp.322.1-322.14
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• 2018

Background: Osteoprotegerin (OPG) plays protective roles against the development of vascular calcification (VC) which greatly contributes to the increased cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aimed to find the non-traditional, kidney-related cardiovascular risk factors correlated to serum OPG and the effect of serum OPG on the arterial stiffness measured by brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in patients with the pre-dialysis CKD. Methods: We cross-sectionally analyzed the data from the patients in whom baPWV and the serum OPG were measured at the time of enrollment in a prospective pre-dialysis CKD cohort study in Korea. Results: Along with traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as age, diabetes mellitus, pulse pressure, and baPWV, non-traditional, kidney-related factors such as albuminuria, plasma level of hemoglobin, total $CO_2$ content, alkaline phosphatase, and corrected calcium were independent variables for serum OPG in multivariate linear regression. Reciprocally, the serum OPG was positively associated with baPWV in multivariate linear regression. The baPWV in the 3rd and 4th quartile groups of serum OPG were higher than that in the 1st quartile group after adjustments by age, sex and other significant factors for baPWV in linear mixed model. Conclusion: Non-traditional, kidney-related cardiovascular risk factors in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors were related to serum level of OPG in CKD. Serum OPG level was significantly related to baPWV. Our study suggests that kidney-related factors involved in CKD-specific pathways for VC play a role in the increased secretion of OPG into circulation in patients with CKD.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2019

Objective: This study was to investigate the effects of dietary cotton stalk on nitrogen and free gossypol in sheep. Methods: Treatments included 25% cotton stalk (Treat 1), 50% cotton stalk (Treat 2), and a control (no cotton stalk). Six Xinjiang daolang wethers were cannulated at the rumen and duodenum and fed one of these diets. The effects of these diets on nitrogen and free gossypol absorption and metabolism were determined. Fifteen healthy Xinjiang daolang wethers were assessed for daily gain, tissue lesions, and free gossypol accumulation. Results: Dry matter intake decreased with increasing dietary cotton stalk. Total tract dry matter digestibility did not significantly differ among treatments. Dietary cotton stalk significantly decreased volatile fatty acids and increased ammonium nitrogen in the rumen. Nitrogen intake was significantly higher in Treat 2 than in the control or Treat 1. Nitrogen retention and free gossypol intake increased with dietary cotton stalk. Duodenal free gossypol flow did not increase, and free gossypol almost disappeared from the rumen. The free gossypol content of plasma and tissue was increased with dietary cotton stalk with liver free gossypol>muscle free gossypol>kidney free gossypol. Elevated dietary free gossypol decreased platelets, hemoglobin, and serum iron. Aspartate aminotransferase and ${\gamma}$-glutamyltransferase increased in Treat 2. With high long-term dietary cotton stalk intake, liver cells were swollen, and their nuclei dissolved. Renal cells were necrotic and the interstitia were enlarged. Conclusion: With short-term cotton stalk administration, only a small amount of free gossypol is retained in the body. In response to long-term or high free gossypol cotton stalk feeding, however, free gossypol accumulates in, and damages the liver and kidneys.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.828-835
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to examine the biochemical parameters of hepatic function such as serum level of ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), and content of TG (triglyceride) and cholesterol, and tissue immunological changes of the $CCl_4$-treated rats with administration of the mixed sample extract (MSE). The liver weight in $CCl_4$-administered experimental control group (EC) was slightly higher than that of normal control (NC) group. Hepatic damage parameters (ALT, AST, ALP, LDH & TG) in serum of the EC group were significantly higher than those in serum of the NC and silymarin-treated positive control (PC) group. On the other hand, these hepatic damage parameters of MSE-treated experimental (E1 & E2) groups were significantly lower than those of EC group. The number of WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets, and the contents of hemoglobin, and hematocrit in EC group were significantly higher than those of NC group. However, the number of WBC and lymphocytes in E1 and E2 groups were significantly lower than those of EC group. Also, the collagen developmental areas in the liver of NC and PC groups by hepatic immuno-histological findings were found slightly positive. Whereas, hepatic fibrous developmental tissue of EC group was strongly positive brown color band, those of E1 & E2 groups were decreased. Therefore, it was concluded that the induction of hepatic fibrous tissue activation had a preventive effect of MSE against the $CCl_4$-induced hepatic damage in rats. However, further study is needed in this filed.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.75-92
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the content and effectiveness of psychosocial support interventions for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: The following databases were searched with no limitation of the time period: Ovid-MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Ovid-Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, NDSL, KoreaMed, RISS, and KISS. Two investigators independently reviewed and selected articles according to the predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. ROB 2.0 and the RoBANS 2.0 checklist were used to evaluate study quality. Results: Based on the 14 selected studies, psychosocial support interventions were provided for the purpose of (1) informational support (including GDM and diabetes mellitus information; how to manage diet, exercise, stress, blood glucose, and weight; postpartum management; and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus); (2) self-management motivation (setting goals for diet and exercise management, glucose monitoring, and enhancing positive health behaviors); (3) relaxation (practicing breathing and/or meditation); and (4) emotional support (sharing opinions and support). Psychosocial supportive interventions to women with GDM lead to behavioral change, mostly in the form of self-care behavior; they also reduce depression, anxiety and stress, and have an impact on improving self-efficacy. These interventions contribute to lowering physiological parameters such as fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels. Conclusion: Psychosocial supportive interventions can indeed positively affect self-care behaviors, lifestyle changes, and physiological parameters in women with GDM. Nurses can play a pivotal role in integrative management and can streamline the care for women with GDM during pregnancy and following birth, especially through psychosocial support interventions.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2002

큰이랑피조개의 적정양성 밀도와 양성방법에 따른 성장 관계를 구명하기 위하여 충남 태안군 안면읍 승언리 내파수도 앞바다에서 2000년 4월부터 2001년 10월까지 양성시험을 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 양성시험 기간 중 표층수온은 4.2~25.5$^{circ}C$, 염분은 30.23~32.15 $textperthousand$, 용존산소는 5.12~7.16 $mell$/L이었고, pH는 7.84~8.17이었다. 영양염류 중 인산염은 0.22~0.56 $mu$M 및 용존무기질소는 3.16~9.10 $mu$M, 부유물질은 7.6~17.9 mg/L, COD는 0.46~1.61mg/L 및 chlorophyll-a는 0.92~5.93$\mu\textrm{g}$/L로 양성에 비교적 적합하였다. 각장의 일간성장 값은 채롱수하식이 0.066~0.071mm/day, 바닥식은 0.Off~o.082mm/day로 밀도가 높을수록 낮았으며, 전중량의 일간성장 값은 채롱수하식이 0.067~0.082 g/day, 바닥식은 0.099~0.114 g/day로 밀도가 높을 수록 낮았다. .양성방법에 따른 성장률의 유의적 검증에서 각장은 채롱수하식과 바닥식 모두 유의적 차이가 없었으나 (P = 0.08), 전중량에서는 유의차가 있었다 (P = 0.0004). 양성밀도에 따른 각장 성장률의 유의적 검증에서 밀도에 따른 각장의 차이가 뚜렷하였다 (P < 0.0001). 또한 전중량도 각장과 같이 채롱수하식 (P < 0.0001)과 바닥식 모두 유의차가 있었다 (P : 0.0012). 각장과 전중량의 일간성장률은 수온이 낮아짐에 따라 성장률도 낮아지는 경향으로 전중량보다는 각장 성장에 뚜렷한 영향을 미쳤다. 특히 수하식으로 양성한 것은 바닥식에 비해 패각 중량은 무거웠으나 육중량이 가벼울 뿐 만 아니라 동일 각장에서도 개체의 무게가 가벼웠다. 밀도별 생존율은 채롱수하식이 42.5~93.3%, 바닥식은 83.3~93.3%로 채롱수하식 및 바닥식 모두 밀도가 낮은 30개체구에서 가장 높은 생존율을 나타냈으며, 양성밀도가 높아질수록 낮았다