• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.16 no.E2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2000

Measurements of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) were carried out in the Sangdo tunnel and on a nearby roadway in Seoul during the during the periods of heavy(low speed with ∼20km h(sup)-1) and light(high speed with ∼60kmh(sup)-1) traffic in February 2000. In the tunnel, the total NMHC levels during the heavy traffic period were higher than those during the light traffic period by a factor of 2. This was due to the increase of emissions at the low vehicle speed period and the higher dilution effect derived from faster flow of tunnel air at the high vehicle speed period. The average total NMHC concentration in the tunnel was 1.7 times as high as that on the roadway. The species with the highest concentration in the tunnel was ethylene(50.1 ppb), followed by n-butane(34.1 ppb) and propane (21.9 ppb). The concentration ranking in the tunnel was generally in good agreement with that on the roadway, suggesting that the NMHC compositions in the tunnel and on the nearby roadway were primarily determined by vehicle exhausts. However, the NMHC compositions in the Sangdo tunnel do not agree well with other foreign study results, reflecting that the characteristics of vehicle exhausts of Seoul is different from those of other cities. The most prominent difference between this study and other studies is the high mass fractions of butanes and propane. It was be attributed to the wide use of butane-fueled vehicles.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2024

Cars are one of the main causes of air pollution in large cities, and 34.6% of domestic air pollution emissions come from mobile sources, of which cars account for 69.6%. In particular, the importance of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM), which are major pollutants in diesel vehicles, is increasing due to their high contribution to emissions. Therefore, in this study, the problem of natural regeneration caused by low exhaust gas temperature during low speed and low load operation was solved by applying a complex regeneration DPF that is not affected by temperature conditions to large diesel vehicles with higher driving time and engine displacement than small and medium-sized vehicles. And the feasibility of application to large diesel vehicles was reviewed by measuring the emission reduction efficiency. As a result of the reduction efficiency test on the actual vehicle durability product, PM showed a reduction efficiency of 84% to 86%, and the reduction efficiency of gaseous substances showed a high reduction efficiency of over 90%. The actual vehicle applicability test was completed with three driving patterns: village bus vehicle, police car, and road-going construction equipment vehicle, and no device problems occurred until the end of the test. Both load and no-load smoke measurement results showed a smoke reduction efficiency of over 96%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1990.10b
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• pp.1420-1423
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• 1990

DC series motor has been widely applicated in industry due to many advantageous characteristics, such as high starting torque, easy construction of its controller, and cost economy, etc.. However, by high starting current, excessive surge voltage, and so on, many problems which could make engineers relinguish to use it are induced. In this paper, various protection methods for power circuit are discussed. Particularly, a new proposed snubber circuit which consists of two diodes, one capacitor, and a resistor increases the performance with respect to the suppression of the surge voltage. Furthermore, the plugging algorithm, by checking the armature current and voltage and controlling the field coil current, is designed and implemented. Also, these methods and algorithms were applicated in electric vehicle, and we could find its stability to be considerably improved.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.313-314
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• 2013

전기자동차용 급속충전기는 배터리의 SOC(State of Charge)가 낮은 경우 전류제어를 통해 배터리를 충전해 준다. 하지만 배터리가 충전되어 SOC가 최대치인 100%에 가까워졌을 경우 과충전을 방지하기 위해 전압제어로 배터리를 충전해 주는데 충전기가 전류제어에서 전압제어로 바뀌면서 과도상태가 발생하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 배터리 충전을 위한 전류제어에서 과충전 방지를 위한 전압제어로 과도상태 없이 변환될 수 있도록 제한적 2중루프 제어를 통한 급속충전기의 과충전 방지 제어 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 시뮬레이션을 통해 검증하였고 차량용 50kW 급속충전기에 적용되어 제주도 스마트 그리드 실증센터에 설치되었다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.370-371
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• 2013

최근 계속되는 유가 상승과 화석에너지의 고갈 문제, 그리고 환경에 대한 관심 증가로 인해 자동차의 연비 개선 및 배기가스 저감을 위한 친환경 자동차 기술로 전기자동차에 대한 연구 활동이 활발하게 진행 중이다. 전기자동차에서 동력을 발생시키는 대용량 전동기는 큰 토크 발생에 필요한 전류를 받아들이기 위하여 내부적으로 이중 권선을 갖도록 구성되어 있고, 인버터 전력소자는 대용량 소자를 사용하거나 병렬로 구성하여 전동기 1상의 전류를 감당하도록 되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 전동기의 이중 권선에 인버터의 전력회로를 병렬로 구성하여 6선 3상으로 연결함으로써 전동기에 인가되는 인버터의 PWM 스위칭 주파수를 기존보다 낮게 사용하더라도 스위칭 소음, 전류의 맥동 및 손실을 줄일 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.295-296
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• 2012

세계적으로 화석연료에 의한 환경 문제로 인하여 연비가 개선된 전기자동차에 대한 관심이 날로 증가하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 친환경이면서 대용량 수송이 가능한 직렬형 CNG-하이브리드 바이모달 굴절차량에 적용되는 추진용 전장품을 개발하였다. 또한 전장품을 차량에 장착하여 운전 모드에 따른 차량의 주행시험을 통해 차량의 구동 성능 및 전장품의 제어성능을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.299-300
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 납 축전지를 사용하는 산업용 전기차량의 SOC(State Of Charge)를 별도의 BMS(Battery Management System)장치 없이 추정하는 방법에 대해 기술한다. SOC를 추정하기 위한 기존의 전통적인 방법들 중 전력을 적산하는 방법(Ampere hour counting)이 널리 사용되는데 이는 장치의 내, 외적인 요인에 의해 발생한 오차가 누적될 수 있다. 배터리의 전압을 측정하여 SOC를 추정하는 OCV(Open Circuit Voltage) 방법은 배터리가 안정 상태에 도달하기까지 충분한 휴지 시간이 필요해 실시간으로 적용하기 힘들다. 이 외에 칼만 필터를 이용하는 방법은 시스템을 정확히 모델링해야 하고 계산이 복잡하다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 전력을 적산하는 방법을 기본으로 하고 배터리의 전압을 적절히 이용하여 누적되는 오차를 보정하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법에 대해 시뮬레이션 하고 실제로 산업용 차량인 AC 전동 지게차로 실험하여 그 타당성을 검증 하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.287-301
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• 2012

It is well known that overloaded vehicles may cause severe damages to bridges, and how to estimate and evaluate the status of the overloaded vehicles passing through bridges become a challenging problem. Therefore, based on the monitored strain data from a structural health monitoring system (SHM) installed on a bridge, a method is recommended to identify and analyze the probability of overloaded vehicles. Overloaded vehicle loads can cause abnormity in the monitored strains, though the abnormal strains may be small in a concrete continuous rigid frame bridge. Firstly, the abnormal strains are identified from the abundant strains in time sequence by taking the advantage of wavelet transform in abnormal signal identification; secondly, the abnormal strains induced by heavy vehicles are picked up by the comparison between the identified abnormal strains and the strain threshold gotten by finite element analysis of the normal heavy vehicle; finally, according to the determined abnormal strains induced by overloaded vehicles, the statistics of the overloaded vehicles passing through the bridge are summarized and the whole probability of the overloaded vehicles is analyzed. The research shows the feasibility of using the monitored strains from a long-term SHM to identify the information of overloaded vehicles passing through a bridge, which can help the traffic department to master the heavy truck information and do the damage analysis of bridges further.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.32-42
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• 2022

The strategy to develop a launch vehicle family by bundling multiple rocket engines of a single type has been proven by SpaceX and their reusable fleet comprised of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy. In this study, we revisit a potential launch vehicle family out of a 35 tonf-class methalox staged combustion cycle engine and evaluate their utility and performance in various space missions. For example, a Korean version of Falcon 9 can deliver 4.7 tons of payload into 500 km SSO in an expendable mode while the payload is reduced to 2.16 tons in a sea-landing reusable mode. A Korean version of Falcon Heavy can deliver 4.4 tons into GTO when launched from the Naro Space Center, indicating that this common booster core configuration can handle Cheollian 2 albeit the high inclination. Once developed, the same methaloax engine can power the first-stage of smallsat launch vehicles and air launch vehicles.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.139-146
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• 1992

Vibrational behaviors of highway girder bridges due to heavy traffics are discussed, and empirical formulae for impact factors are suggested in this paper. Appropriate vehicle model for vibration analysis is found and impact factors are calculated with different surface roughnesses, vehicle speeds and span lengths. It is shown that the present codes tend to underestimate impact factors.