• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.479-483
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• 2008

There are no International Standards or Criteria pertaining to fires inside tunnels at the moment, but there are some fire-related regulations in some advanced countries such as Germany and the Netherlands where some fire-related studies have been expedited. Germany has established regulations related to the safety of structures by stipulating Fire Curves of RABT and EBA Tunnels. Also, the Netherlands has established the resistance capacity of structures by stipulating RWS curve so that they can prevent the adjacent area from being damaged due to a tunnel collapse. Hydrocarbon Fire Curve is the standard assessing the behaviour of a structure in a serious fire, by increasing the heating speed and the maximum temperature of ISO 834 Curve, while MHC Fire Curve, which was established in France, realizes more serious fire conditions. In this study, we aimed to develop the basis of full-sized experiments, with which you can assess the fire-resisting capacity against the fire strength of concrete PC panel lining, through the realization of various tunnel fire curves as mentioned above, by developing the heating furnace suitable for the requirements of Fire-Resisting Standards, with which you can assess the fire damage of tunnel concrete lining. We have developed various conditions of the heating furnace and the method to install a thermo couple within the furnace based on EFNARC and KS F2257-1. We have also conducted a calibrating experiment in order to secure its reliability.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2016

In this research, based on the condition of using desulfurization gypsum(FGD) as a stimulator for high-volume blast furnace slag cement mortar, sieving and heating process methods of removing activated carbon in FGD were compared with the non-processed FGD and recycled and natural fine aggregates were compared for suitable aggregate to be used. According to the result of experiment, sieving with 0.3mm was more efficient than $500^{\circ}C$ heating for processing the FGD, and recycled fine aggregate showed more favorable result than natural fine aggregate at the FGD content was 5 to 10%. On the other hand, the mortar mixture including recycled fine aggregate had a high drying shrinkage, and absorption ratio, and thus specific limitations on applying recycled fine aggregate should be required.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.430-437
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• 2004

This paper is intended as an investigation of study on the thermal and electrical characteristics of the carbon heating element. In this experimentation, the electric material used is the crystalline graphite a kind of natural graphite. The bentonite is used to solidify the heating element and the vacuum furnace is used for sintering it. It is noted that the natural drying time should be at least 58 hours. The plating of the electric pole with the electroless nickel showed the lowest contact resistance among others. The resistance shows linear variation with regard to length. For the insulation and resolution, the glaze coating is best with 80% of water content. The temperature rising characteristic of the heating element is better than sheath heater saving 43% of rising time. The correlation equation for temperature was obtained with the electric power.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.209-210
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• 2022

This research reviewed the status of binder removal depending on the heating temperature and duration by using the 3D sand mold as an electric heating method. In the case of the electric heating method, it was confirmed that a heating temperature of at least 800℃ or higher was required to remove the binder of the 3D sand mold, and the heating duration was confirmed to be about 10 minutes. Afterwards, it is considered necessary to further evaluate the additional binder removal method and the utilization of recycling silica in consideration of economic feasibility and productivity.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.16-23
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• 2012

Current display manufacturing processes apply thermal treatment of glass backplanes widely for hydrogen degassing, crystallization of thin-films, tempering, forming, and precompaction. Estimation of the characteristics of transient heating stages and thermal non-uniformities on a single glass substrate or in a stack of glasses are extremely helpful to understand non-homogeneity of mechanical and electronic features of nano/micro structures of end products. Based on simple heat transfer models and using an electric muffle furnace, temperature variations in a glass stack were predicted and measured for glass backplanes of $1.5{\times}1.85m^2$ in size and 0.7 mm in thickness. Except for the period of putting glass backplanes into the furnace, thermal radiation was the major heating mechanism for the treatment and theoretical predictions agreed well to the experimental temperatures on the backplanes. Using the theoretical model, thermal fields for a glass stack of glass-size, $2.2{\times}2.5m^2$, and of the number of sheets, 1 to 12, were calculated for practical design and manufacturing of the muffle furnace for large-scale displays, e.g. up to $8^{th}$ generation.

• Solar Energy
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.55-63
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• 1989

In this paper, the fluidization characteristics of the magnesia fluidized bed and the heat transfer characteristics with the specimen (SM55C) plunged in the bed have been investigated. To characterize the fluidization, the minimum fluidizing velocities and the relation ships between bed voidage and fluidization rate and obtained. To characterize heat transfer, the experiments for finding heating time transfer effect have been carried out by varying the magnesia particles sizes. optimum heating condition in the magnesia fluidized bed is obtained.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07c
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• pp.1798-1800
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• 2001

As a batch Type device, this machine is contrive to seal glass plates for plasma BLU (Back Light Unit) by indirect heating from electric heaters. In order to maintain the heating / cooling Chambers clean, this machine uses a muffle formation. The components of the machine are listed bellow.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.94-96
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• 2001

As a batch Type device, this machine is contrive to seal glass plates for plasma BLU (Back Light Unit) by indirect heating from electric heaters. In order to maintain the heating / cooling Chambers clean, this machine uses a muffle formation. The components of the machine are listed bellow.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.327-331
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• 1997

As demand for various kinds and small lot products has been increasing, batch annealing has been appreciated for its small restiction for the opteration. The cold spot of the coil is very important in the BAF(Batch annealing furnace) annealing process. Because of the annealing cycle time in the BAF, annealing was decided on the cold spot of the coil. So, we tested the effect,variation of cold spot, for hydrogen contents of atmospheric gas at the annealing furnace. As a result of several investigations. We confirmed the following characteristics ; after the heating and soaking,the cold spot of coil moved to 1/3 of coil thickness in the NHx atmospheric gas, but the mid point of the coil thickness is the cold spot in the Ax or .H/sub2. atmospheric gas. Therefore, the use of hydrogen instead of nitrogen as the protective gas,combined with high convection in batch annealing furnaces, has shown that considerable increases in furnace output and material quality are attainable. Owing to the low density, high diffusion and reducing character of hydrogen, a better transfer resulting in uniform material temperatures and improved coil surfaces can be achieved.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.806-810
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• 2008

This paper introduces the automatic fine Bituminous Coal injection lance position control method using flame image process. The fine Coal injection lance is used to supply additional heat into the furnace in Mill plant. It injects fine coal into high pressured air flow and produces very heated and high pressured flame. For the such high temperature and pressure, the fine coal injection lance effects not only efficiency of burner but also furnace abrasion. To keep efficient combustion status and to avoid the abrasion, in this paper, the flame is monitored by computer image process. This paper proposes the flame image process method and lance position control according to calculated result for flame image process.