• 한국어병학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2002

Effects of medicinal herb extract on nonspecific immune responses, hematology and disease resistance against Edwardsiella tarda in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus were evaluated. Wormwood, Artemisia asiatica NAKAI and barrenwort, Epimedium koreanum NAKAI were mixed at a ratio of 7 : 3 (w/w) for 2-herbs extract and wormwood, barrenwort, Korean forsythia, Forsythia koreana NAKAI, chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum KITAMURA, peppermint, Mentha arvensis L. var, piperascens MALINV., great burnet, Snaguisorba afficinalis L., Lizard tail. Saururus chinensis BAILL., mulberry, Morus alba L., and star anise, Illicium varum HOOK, f, at the same weight for 9-herbs extract. Two-herbs of 9-herbs extract were prepared by heating after adding 10㎖ of distilled water per g of the herb mixtures. Fish (10.3$\pm$2.5g) were fed the experimental diets supplemented with the 2-herbs or 9-herbs extract at the different concentrations of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% per kg diet for 12 weeks. Lysozyme and bactericidal activities of serum, and hematological characteristics were examined during experimental period. After feeding test period, all experimental groups were challenged with E. tarda. Lysozyme activity from the fish fed the diet supplemented with 0.1% or 0.5% of 2-herbs extract was significantly higher than the control. But there was no difference both in bactericidal activity and hematology among each group. Sixty seven % of relative percent survival values (RPS) in the group fed the diet supplemented with 0.1% of 2-herbs was higher than the other group and the control. These results suggest that supplenmentation of 0.1% of 2-herbs extract to a commercial diet may enhance disease resistance in olive flounder. Although both 0.1% and 0.5% 9-herbs extract did not improve non-specific immune reponses, they could enhance disease resistance of 53% RPS, respectively.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.1396-1402
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• 2000

황련 추출물의 충치 예방효과 가능성을 확인하고자 S. mutans JC-2에 대하여 황련 추출물 및 그의 주요 활성성분의 항균효과, 산생성 억제효과, GTase 활성 억제효과, 균체부착 억제효과를 조사하였다. 메탄올 추출물은 물추물에 비하여 S. mutans에 대해 강한 항균효과를 나타내었으며, 이들 추출물의 S. mutans에 대한 최소저지농도(MIC)는 각각 $130\;{\mu}g/mL$, $200\;{\mu}g/mL$이었다. 황련의 주요 활성성분인 berberine과 palmatine의 MIC는 각각 $50\;{\mu}g/mL$, $110\;{\mu}g/mL$로 황련 추출물에 비하여 강한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 메탄올 추출물, berberine, palmatine을 $121^{\circ}C$, 15분간 열처리했을 때 항균효과가 전혀 감소하지 않아, 열에 매우 안정함이 확인되었다. S. mutans의 산생성에 대해서도 MIC 농도에서 메탄올 추출물, berberine, palmatine 모두 배양 24시간째에 산생성을 완전하게 억제하였다. GTase 활성 억제효과는 $300\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 메탄올 추출물, berberine, palmatine이 각각 23.2, 46.1, 17.1%의 억제율을 보였고, 물 추출물은 억제효과가 없었다. 반면에 S. mutans의 부착에 대해서는 생장 부분저해농도에서 물 추출물과 메탄올 추출물, beberine, palmatine의 경우 저해율이 각각 59.2%, 13.3%. 4.2%, 41.7%로써 물 추출물과 palmatine이 높은 저해율을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 황련 추출물의 충치억제효과는 주요 활성성분인 berberine과 palmatine의 S. mutans에 대한 항균효과, GTase 활성억제와 균체 부착 억제효과 등에 기인한 것이라 여겨지며, 황련 추출물이 충치예방을 위한 기능성 천연소재로서 매우 우수한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 1992

This study was carried on the Seasoning Oil production by Autoclaving Method in order to research a developed method. The Raw, Extract states of seasoning vegetables-Garlic, Onion and Ginger were added 40, 60% (w/w) of total amounts to corn salad oil. All samples treated with various conditions were determined physicochemical characteristics by Acid value, Peroxide value, Iodine value, Refractive Index, and Volatile Carbonyl Compound Content during incubating $(40{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$ and heating $(185{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$. The results were obtained as follws; 1. During incubation at $40{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, the order of antioxidative effects among seasoning vegetables was Ginger>Garlic>BHA>Onion and Extract state were more effective man Raw state. also the antioxidative effects of the seasoning vegetables were increased proportionally with the concentration in the Seasoning Oils. 2. In the case of heat treatment $(185{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$, AV, POV, IV and RI of each Seasoning Oil were changed very sharply. The antioxidative effect and Carbonyl Compound Content according to heat treatment differed from the type and concentration of seasoning vegetables in oil. Ginger had the most excellent antioxidative effect among seasoning vegetables, and m any case, the adding states of seasoning vegetables into oils were more effective in Extract man Raw states. 3. According to those results, each Seasoning Oil made from Garlic, Onion, Ginger was shown to have antioxidative properties specially in Ginger-Extract-Seasoning Oil. also the Autoclaving Method was thought to be rational method in preparation of Seasoning Oil.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.277-281
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• 2013

Silkworm powder, which contains 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), is a promising complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in Korea. Silkworm powder was produced from Yeonnokjam pupae at d 3 of the 5th instar at the National Academy of Agricultural Science. The powder was derivatized with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl), and the DNJ-FMOC content was measured by HPLC. We investigated the content of 1-DNJ in the silkworm powder and its glucose-lowering effect when it was treated at different temperatures. The content of 1-DNJ was the lowest at $150^{\circ}C$, while it was constant at other temperatures. The silkworm extract powder was orally administered to diabetic mice (20 mg/kg/d) for 4 wk. Water intake did not significantly change when compared with the control group (T0). The blood glucose levels significantly decreased when mice where administered silkworm powder treated at $60^{\circ}C$ (T60) compared to the control group, but no difference was observed between the groups T100 and T150. Moreover, the blood levels of TG significantly decreased compared with the control group. Based on these results, we surmise that the properties of the silkworm extract powder were stable upon heating at $100^{\circ}C$ but not at $150^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2019

Background: Ginsenosides, which are bioactive components in ginseng, can be converted to smaller compounds for improvement of their pharmacological activities. The conversion methods include heating; acid, alkali, and enzymatic treatment; and microbial conversion. The aim of this study was to determine the bioconversion of ginsenosides in fermented red ginseng extract (FRGE). Methods: Red ginseng extract (RGE) was fermented using Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P. This study investigated the ginsenosides and their antioxidant capacity in FRGE using diverse methods. Results: Properties of RGE were changed upon fermentation. Fermentation reduced the pH value, but increased the titratable acidity and viable cell counts of lactic acid bacteria. L. plantarum KCCM 11613P converted ginsenosides $Rb_2$ and $Rb_3$ to ginsenoside Rd in RGE. Fermentation also enhanced the antioxidant effects of RGE. FRGE reduced 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and reducing power; however, it improved the inhibition of ${\beta}$-carotene and linoleic acid oxidation and the lipid peroxidation. This suggested that the fermentation of RGE is effective for producing ginsenoside Rd as precursor of ginsenoside compound K and inhibition of lipid oxidation. Conclusion: This study showed that RGE fermented by L. plantarum KCCM 11613P may contribute to the development of functional food materials.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1016-1020
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• 1997

본 연구는 Escherichia coli O157:H7 균주를 살균하고자 감마선 단독 및 가열과의 병용처리 효과를 조사하였다. E. coli O157:H7 균주의 가열 단독처리시 D값은 $50^{\circ}C$에서 129.2분, $55^{\circ}C$에서 27.1분, $60^{\circ}C$에서 2.4분으로 나타났다. E. coli O157:H7 균주는 0.03 M cysteine, 1% sodium citrate 및 5% sucrose가 첨가된 배지에서는 열에 대한 저항성이 증가하였고 1%, meat extract, 1% casein 및 1% casamino acid가 첨가된 배지에서는 감소하였다. 감마선 단독처리시는 $D_{10}$ 값과 불활성화 계수가 0.116 kGy와 $17{\sim}25$ 이였으나 가열과의 병용처리시는 약 0.07 kGy와 $25{\sim}41$로 나타났다. 이로서 가열과 방사선의 병용처리는 E. coli O157:H7 균주의 방사선 감수성을 현저하게 상승시켜 본 균주의 살균에 효과적이었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2016

다래순 묵나물을 찬물에 16시간 불리고, 30분 삶은 후 1시간 찬물에 불리는 재수화 과정을 거친 후 다래순의 라디칼 소거 활성과 알파글루코시데이스 억제활성은 유의하게 감소하였으며 재수화된 다래순을 $180^{\circ}C$에서 10분 또는 20분 동안 가열 조리한 경우 들기름 첨가와 관계없이 라디칼 소거활성은 증가하였으나 알파글루코시데이스 억제 활성은 들기름을 첨가하고 가열 조리한 경우에만 증가하였다. 다래순의 라디칼 소거 활성과 알파글루코시데이스 억제 활성 변화는 색소보다는 산화방지제, 플라보노이드 또는 토코페롤보다는 폴리페놀 화합물 함량 변화와 더 유사한 경향을 보였다. 따라서 본 결과는 다래순 묵나물의 재수화 또는 가열 조리 시 산화 방지, 항당뇨 등 건강기능성 개선을 위해 폴리페놀 화합물의 손실을 줄이는 것이 바람직함을 시사하였다.

• 한국토양동물학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2000

영국의 고원지대 (Moorland)의 이탄토양 (blanket bog peat soil에 서식하는 애지렁이 정량조사를 위한 수분갈때기추출법의 효율에 미치는 수온, 물의 량, 추출시간의 복합적인 효과를 조사하였다. 이탄 토양에서 애지렁이 추출을 위한 최적조건은 물의 양과 초기 수온에 관계없이 표면수의 최종 온도는 35$^{\circ}C$이고, 추출시간은 6시간이었다. O'Connor의 방법 (최종 온도 40-45$^{\circ}C$,열의 점진적인 증가, 3시간 추출)은 비교적 늪은 온도와 짧은 추출시간으로 인해, 추출효율에 변이가 심하였다. 열을 가하지 않고 장시간 추출하는 방식은 열을 가하는 방식에 비해 추출효율이 현저히 낮았다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2018

The vernacular houses with 田-shaped floor plan at Gangreung have been played important roles in tracing the vernacular living cultures including housing life. But due to the adoption of convenient facilities in vernacular housing lives caused by modernization and urbanization, many changes and transformations have happened at residential space of vernacular houses. This thesis targets to extract basic data to prepare and prevent various problems in process of renovation, extension and function change as installing housing life facilities, and to identify the changes and transformations of them to prepare the proper balances between their original form preservation and residents' convenience living. The results are as follows. The inner wall removal of rooms, the fuel change of cooking and heating, the leveling change of kitchen floor made possible the sedentary lifestyles. And its residential rooms were transformed from two row to one row by inner wall removal, the fuel heating change, the heating method change and the heat insulating materials. The residential extension materials were changed from the traditional materials such as soil, wood, etc to the modern materials such as cement block or brick, sandwich panel, etc. And the modern materials were used and attached to widen residential spaces to the vernacular house because of the easiness of execution. So, it is necessary for 田-shaped floor plan vernacular house owners to distribute printed execution guide book to prevent and minimize the various problems to be shown by extension, renovation and function change.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권11호
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• pp.907-914
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• 2014

본 연구는 센서식 및 프로그램식의 태양추적장치를 이용하여 집광형 태양전지의 발전효율을 증가시키는 연구를 진행하였다. 또한 집광형 태양전지에서 발생된 열은 히트파이프를 포함한 흡열기로 회수함으로써 온수나 난방에 사용할 수 있었다. 실험 결과 집광형 태양전지의 평균 전기효율은 16%, 히트파이프를 포함한 흡열기의 열효율은 62% 로 복합효율이 78%를 나타내었다. 태양위치에 따른 실시간 추적, 일몰 이후 난방장치의 동쪽방향 원상복귀, 원상복귀후 자동종료는 Simulink 프로그램으로 구현하였다. 히트파이프 유무, 집광비, 흡열기 입구 속도에 따른 집광형 태양전지 및 흡열기 온도를 해석하였으며 실험결과와 일치하였다.