• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 1999

thermodynamic cycle analysis has been performed for the power generation systems to utilize the cold energy of liquefied natural gas (LNG). The power cycle used the air or water at room temperature as a heat source and the LNG at cryogenic temperature as a heat sink. Among manypossible configurations of the cycle. the open Rankine cycle. and the closed Brayton cycle, and the closed Rankine cycle are selected for the basic analysis because of their practical importance. The power output per unit mass of LNG has been analytically calculated for various design parameters such as the pressure ratio. the mass flow rate. the adiabatic efficiency. the heat exchanger effectiveness. or the working fluid. The optimal conditions for the parameters are presented to maximize the power output and the design considerations are discussed. It is concluded that the open Rankine cycle is the most recormmendable both in thermodynamic efficency and in practice.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.782-787
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• 2008

The Kalina cycle simulation study was carried out for a preliminary design of a geothermal power generation system. The Kalina cycle system can be used for the utilization of a low-temperature heat sources such as geothermal and industrial waste heat that are not hot enough to produce steam. The sea/river water can be considered as a cooling media. A steady-state simulation model was developed to analyze and optimize its performance. The model contains a turbine, a pump, an expansion valve and heat exchangers. The turbine and pump were modelled by an isentropic efficiency, while a condenser, an evaporator and a regenerative heat exchanger were modeled by UA-LMTD method with a counter-flow assumption. The simulation results show that the power generation efficiency over 10% is expected when a heat source and sink inlet temperatures are $100^{\circ}C$ and $10^{\circ}C$ respectively.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.991-998
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• 2010

소듐냉각 고속로 내부기기 배치 변경에 의한 초기냉각 성능변화를 검토하기 위하여 중간열교환기의 수직배치가 다른 3개의 원자로를 대상으로 COMMIX-1AR/P 코드를 활용한 다차원 해석을 수행하였다. 원통좌표계의 중심축을 기준으로 원주방향의 1/4 부분만을 모델링하고 정상상태 및 과도상태 분석을 수행하여 IHX 수직배치 변화가 초기 냉각 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였고, DHX를 통한 후기 냉각 모드 개시 시점에 미치는 영향도 분석하였다. 분석 결과 IHX 수직배치 상승은 원자로 풀내부 자연 순환 유량을 증가시켜 초기 냉각과정에서 노심 최고 온도의 급격한 상승을 방지할 수 있으며, 초기냉각 성능을 향상시키기 위한 관성회전차의 가용설계재원의 범위도 확대시킨다. 또한 IHX 수직배치 상승은 후기냉각모드에 큰 영향을 주지 않으면서 초기냉각성능의 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.510-517
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• 2013

The ammonia-water based power generation cycle utilizing liquefied natural gas (LNG) as its heat sink has attracted much attention, since the ammonia-water cycle has many thermodynamic advantages in conversion of low-grade heat source in the form of sensible energy and LNG has a great cold energy. In this paper, we carry out thermodynamic performance analysis of a combined power generation cycle which is consisted of an ammonia-water regenerative Rankine cycle and LNG power generation cycle. LNG is able to condense the ammonia-water mixture at a very low condensing temperature in a heat exchanger, which leads to an increased power output. Based on the thermodynamic models, the effects of the key parameters such as source temperature, ammonia concentration and turbine inlet pressure on the characteristics of system are throughly investigated. The results show that the thermodynamic performance of the ammonia-water power generation cycle can be improved by the LNG cold energy and there exist an optimum ammonia concentration to reach the maximum system net work production.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 지열발전 등과 같은 저온 열원을 에너지원으로 하는 발전에 응용될 수 있는 HFC-134a 유기랭킨사이클의 출력 극대화를 수행하였다. 기존의 연구와는 달리, 본 연구에서는 열교환기해석에 유한체적법을 적용함으로써 작동유체의 열전달 및 압력강하 특성을 고려하였다. 또한, 열원과 냉각수의 입구온도 및 유량, 그리고 사이클을 구성하는 열교환기들의 총 전열면적을 구속 조건으로 함으로써, 기존 연구들에 비해 보다 현실적인 결과를 얻을 수 있도록 하였다. 사이클의 출력은 3 개의 설계인자를 이용하여 최적화 하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 출력을 극대화 시킬 수 있는 설계인자들의 최적조합이 존재함을 보였다. 또한, 출력 향상을 위해서는 증발과정의 개선이 우선적으로 필요함을 보였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.803-811
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• 2024

Nuclear accidents such as Fukushima Daiichi have highlighted the potential of passive safety systems to replace or complement active safety systems as part of the overall prevention and/or mitigation strategies. In addition, passive systems are key features of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), for which they are becoming almost unavoidable and are part of the basic design of many reactors available in today's nuclear market. Nevertheless, their potential to significantly increase the safety of nuclear power plants still needs to be strengthened, in particular the ability of computer codes to determine their performance and reliability in industrial applications and support the safety demonstration. The PASTELS project (September 2020-February 2024), funded by the European Commission "Euratom H2020" programme, is devoted to the study of passive systems relying on natural circulation. The project focuses on two types, namely the SAfety COndenser (SACO) for the evacuation of the core residual power and the Containment Wall Condenser (CWC) for the reduction of heat and pressure in the containment vessel in case of accident. A specific design for each of these systems is being investigated in the project. Firstly, a straight vertical pool type of SACO has been implemented on the Framatome's PKL loop at Erlangen. It represents a tube bundle type heat exchanger that transfers heat from the secondary circuit to the water pool in which it is immersed by condensing the vapour generated in the steam generator. Secondly, the project relies on the CWC installed on the PASI test loop at LUT University in Finland. This facility reproduces the thermal-hydraulic behaviour of a Passive Containment Cooling System (PCCS) mainly composed of a CWC, a heat exchanger in the containment vessel connected to a water tank at atmospheric pressure outside the vessel which represents the ultimate heat sink. Several activities are carried out within the framework of the project. Different tests are conducted on these integral test facilities to produce new and relevant experimental data allowing to better characterize the physical behaviours and the performances of these systems for various thermo-hydraulic conditions. These test programmes are simulated by different codes acting at different scales, mainly system and CFD codes. New "system/CFD" coupling approaches are also considered to evaluate their potential to benefit both from the accuracy of CFD in regions where local 3D effects are dominant and system codes whose computational speed, robustness and general level of physical validation are particularly appreciated in industrial studies. In parallel, the project includes the study of single and two-phase natural circulation loops through a bibliographical study and the simulations of the PERSEO and HERO-2 experimental facilities. After a synthetic presentation of the project and its objectives, this article provides the reader with findings related to the physical analysis of the test results obtained on the PKL and PASI installations as well an overall evaluation of the capability of the different numerical tools to simulate passive systems.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1367-1373
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 천연냉매를 적용한 압축/흡수식 하이브리드 고온제조 히트펌프를 실험적으로 연구한 결과를 제시하였다. 압축/흡수식 히트펌프는 기존의 증기압축 히트펌프에 비해 고온영역을 포함한 넓은 생산온도범위, 높은 승온기능, 다양한 용량 제어방법 등 여러가지 장점을 가지고 있다. 제작된 하이브리드 히트펌프는 현재 실제 산업현장에 적용하기 이전의 초기 시제품 단계로 실험실에 설치하여 운전하였으며, 주요 구성부품으로는 이단압축기, 흡수기, 재생기, 과열냉각기, 용액 열교환기, 용액펌프, 기액분리기/정류기 등이다. 성능실험에서 $50^{\circ}C$의 열원을 고온 및 저온열원으로 사용한 결과 $90^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온수 토출과 10 kW급의 난방 용량을 얻을 수 있었다. 혼합냉매의 성분비 변화에 따른 압축기/펌프 유량의 순환비 변화 및 다양한 성능변화를 실험적으로 관찰하였으며, 시스템의 효율과 용량에 있어 최적 성분비가 존재함을 확인하였다.