• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.615-624
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• 2010

In this paper, the applicability of cement grout has been studied as an alternative to bentontite grout to backfill ground heat exchangers. To provide an optimal mixture design, the groutabilty and thermal conductivity of cement grouts with various mixture ratios were experimentally evaluated and compared. The unconfined compression strength of cement grout specimen was measured, which are exposed to cyclic temperature variation ranging from $50^{\circ}C$ to $-5^{\circ}C$. In addition, the integrity of the interface between circulating HDPE pipes and cement grout by performing equivalent hydraulic conductivity tests, in which a pipe locates at the center of the specimen.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2007

Generally, the economic concept of optimized design and operating conditions in fluidized bed heat exchangers can hardly be realized. Because the lack of fundamental knowledge about the particle flows, the optimum design of the fluidized bed heat exchanger is rather limited. In the present work, measurements are made on pressure drops and friction factors in the horizontal circular tube with solid particles in the circulating water. Two different solid particles of diameters of 3mm and 4mm are covered. The Reynolds numbers are ranged from 10,000 to 45,000. It is concluded that the friction factors for the particles of 4mm diameter are much higher than those for the particles of 3mm diameter. And at the lower particle concentration, the friction factors are strongly influenced by the fluid velocity rather than the particle concentration; However, the effect of the particle concentration on friction factors is also significantly higher at a higher particle concentration operating condition.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2010

다중관식 헬리컬 코일형 가스냉각기내 $CO_2$의 열유량과 압력강하에 대해서 실험적으로 조사하였다. $CO_2$와 냉각수의 유량은 각각 0.06~0.075kg/s이고, 가스냉각기의 냉각압력은 8~10 MPa이다. $CO_2$의 열유량은 냉각수 질량유량, $CO_2$의 질량유량과 냉각압력에 비례하여 증가한다. $CO_2$의 압력강하는 냉각수와 $CO_2$의 질량유량이 감소할수록 감소하지만, $CO_2$의 냉각압력이 증가할수록 감소한다. 다중관식 헬리컬 코일형 가스냉각기내 $CO_2$의 열유량과 압력강하는 각각 이중관식 가스냉각기보다 상당히 높게 또는 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 다중관식 헬리컬 코일형 가스냉각기에 $CO_2$를 적용하는 경우에는 가스냉각기의 고효율화, 고성능화, 컴팩트화가 가능할 것이다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2012

This paper is an experimental study on the freezing protection valve used for solar water heating, air-conditioning systems, and plumbing systems. When the phase change occurs from liquid to solid, most of the substances except water volumetrically shrink. And referred to as PCM(Phase Change Material) a substance with such properties, the phase change temperature varies depending on the material. To prevent the freezing of the plumbing system, such as air-conditioning system in the winter season, we developed a several types of freezing protection valve using PCM whose freezing temperature are $2-4^{\circ}C$. The working principle of the freezing protection valve is that the fluid inside the pipe is released to prevent the system-collapse when fluid temperature reaches the freezing temperature of the PCM. And then the valve is closed and returned to the original position automatically when the temperature of the operating fluid rises. In this paper, the operating temperatures, discharge flow rate and the response characteristics of the valve during the operation are tested and investigated. From the results of this research the freezing protection valves employing PCM are expected to be commercialized in the near future.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.30-37
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• 1988

A mathematical model was developed and programmed for computer simulation of a prototype hot water boiler system with rice hull furnace to predict the temperature distributions in the rice hull furnace and water tank, mass flow rate of hot water and thermal efficiency of the system under various operation and design conditions. The effects of feed rate of rice hull, thickness of the furnace wall, the type of heat exchanger, diameter of the water circulation pipe, etc, on the performance of the system can be evaluated with this model. The validity and simulation results of this model will be published in the next paper.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2015

In this study, an in-house program to predict steady state operation of micro gas turbines is constructed using MATLAB. The program consists of two parts: design and off-design simulations. The program is fully modular in its structure, and performance of each component (compressor, combustor, turbine, recuperative heat exchanger and pipe elements) is calculated in a separate calculation module using mass and energy balances as well as models for off-design characteristics. The off-design modules of compressor and turbine use performance maps, which are program inputs. The off-design operation of a micro gas turbine under development was predicted by the program. The prediction results were compared with those by commercial software, and the validity of the in-house program was confirmed.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2014

극저온 액체 상태의 LNG는 주거용과 산업용으로 공급되기 전에 가스 상태로 변환된다. 이러한 재가스화 과정 중에 LNG는 $83.7{\times}10^4$ kJ/kg 정도의 많은 냉열에너지를 제공한다. 이 냉열에너지를 일부 선진국들에서는 질소, 수소, 헬륨과 같은 극저온 유체들의 액화, 제빙 및 냉방시스템에 이용하고 있다. 따라서 우리나라에서도 인천, 평택 및 통영 LNG 인수기지 주변에 LNG의 냉열에너지를 이용한 냉열에너지 회수시스템을 설립할 필요가 있다. 여기서는 저열유속상태에서 상변화를 동반하는 LNG의 유동거동 특성을 파악하기 위해 LNG의 85 %를 차지하는 메탄을 작동유체로 사용하였다. 또한 본 논문은 극저온 열교환기 내부를 흐르는 메탄과 질소, 프로판, R11 및 R134a의 유동경계에 영향을 주는 관 직경, 관의 경사각도 및 포화압력의 효과를 보여준다. 또한 여기서 얻어진 이론적 연구결과와 기존의 실험 데이터와도 비교 되었다. 그리고 메탄의 유동경계에 주는 파이프의 경사각도의 영향은 매우 큼을 알 수 있었다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2010

The ultrasonic guided wave propagates along with the given structure's wall direction. Because of this specific character, the ultrasonic guided waves arc used in many other fields. Especially, it can be readily utilized for nondestructive inspection of various structures that are made up of gas pipes, heat exchanger tubes, and thin plates. Further, the guided wave technology can be readily utilized when inspecting pipes or thin plates which pose high risk of the accident but for which the nondestructive inspection itself is impossible because it is difficult to get to them since they are coated or buried underground. In the other hand, conventional ultrasonic testing such as thickness gauging uses bulk waves and only tests the region of structure immediately below the transducer. As a result of the application about inlet and outlet cooling water line using guided wave test, we conformed that the overall corrosions were in the lower side of the 304.8 mm inlet valve and these corrosions were engaged in not locally but through the lower side of the valve line. In the near future, we can expect that the detectable defect size is smaller than before along with the development of the sensing technology.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 1979

알루미늄-아크릴 필림을 사용(使用)한 곡면식(曲面式) 태양열이용장치(太陽熱利用裝置)의 제작(製作)과 이의 한국적(韓國的) 기후조건하(氣候條件下)에서 효능(效能)을 시험(試驗)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 반사집광판(反射集光板)으로 사용(使用)한 알루미늄-아크릴 필림의 반사율(反射率)은 66.1%이었으며 저렴(低廉)한 가격(價格)에 비(比)하여 볼 때 반사판(反射板)으로서 충분(充分)히 이용(利用)할 수 있었다. 2. 흡광부위(吸光部位) 에서의 열이용효율(熱利用?率)은 73%이었으며 2.82 cm/sec의 자연대류(自然對流)에 의(依)한 유속(流速)을 얻을수 있었다. 3. 태양열이용장치(太陽熱利用裝置)를 물의 가온(加溫)에 사용(使用)할 경우 최고(最高) 28.6%의 열이용효율(熱利用?率)을 얻을 수 있었다. 4. 태양열이용장치(太陽熱利用裝置)에 의해 가온(加溫)된 수온(水溫)의 온도차(溫度差)의 대수치(對數値)와 태양열복사(太陽熱輻射)에너지와의 관계는 선형적비례(線型的比例)관계가 성립(成立)되었고 열이용효율(熱利用?率)은 복사에너지량이 클수록 선형적 감소관계가 있었다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2022

Injection molding is a cyclic process comprising of cooling phase as the largest part of this cycle. Providing efficient cooling in lesser cycle times is of significant importance in the molding industry. Recently, lots of researches have been done for rapid cooling of a hot-spot area using CO2 in injection molding. The CO2 flows under high pressure through small, flexible capillary tubes to the point of use, where it expands to create a snow and gas mixture at a temperature of -79℃. The gaseous CO2 removes heat from the mold and releases it into the atmosphere. In this paper, a CO2 cooling module was applied to an injection mold in order to cool a large area cavity uniformly and quickly, and the cooling performance of the injection mold was investigated. The product was a high-curvature molded part with a molding area of 300x100mm. Heat cartridges were installed in a stationary mold, and CO2 cooling module was inserted inside a movable mold. Through structural analysis, it was confirmed that the maximum deformation of mold with CO2 cooling module was 0.09mm. A CO2 feed system with a heat exchanger was used for cooling experiments. The CO2 was injected into the holes on both sides of the supply pipe of the cooling module and discharged through hexagon blocks to cool the mold. It took 5.8 seconds to cool the mold from an average temperature of 140℃ to 70℃. Through the experiment using CO2 cooling module, it was found that a cooling rate of up to 12.98℃/s and an average of 10.18℃/s could be achieved.