• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.331-343
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• 2019

본 연구는 Framingham Heart Study의 심장나이 예측 모형을 활용하여 심장나이의 추이를 관찰하여 한국인 심혈관질환 발생 위험을 평가해보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 2005년~2013년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 30세~74세 대상자 중 심혈관질환 기왕력이 없고, 모형의 결정요인에 해당하는 자료의 결손이 없는 20,012명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 이들에 대해 Framingham Heart Study 비실험실 자료를 이용하는 심장나이 산정 모형을 적용하여 심장나이를 계산하였으며 성별로 심장나이와 실제나이와의 차이, 연령대별 차이, 10년 이상 초과율, 지역별 차이에 대해 연도별 추이를 관찰하였다. 자료분석은 SAS 9.3으로 수행하였으며 가중치를 적용한 복합표본설계분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과 심장나이와 실제나이의 평균 차이는 남성은 2005년에 7.8세, 2013년 7.7세, 여성은 2005년 1.2세 2013년 1.2세로 남성이 여성보다 컸고, 연령대가 증가할수록 나이차이가 많아졌으며, 연도별로 뚜렷한 추이 변화는 없었다. 심장나이가 실제 나이보다 10년 이상 초과한 비율은 남성은 2005년에 35.0%, 2013년에 34.8%, 여성은 2005년에 17.7%, 2013년에 18.7%로 남성이 여성보다 거의 두 배 정도 높았으며 연령대가 증가할수록 차이가 많이 났다. 지역별로 차이를 보였으며 남녀 차이가 많았다. 본 연구결과로 볼 때 한국인의 10년 내 심혈관질환 발생 가능성은 상당히 높은 수준이었다. 본 연구에서 사용한 심장나이는 미래의 심혈관질환 발병 위험을 간단하고 편리하게 예측할 수 있는 유용한 종합 지표로 사용될 수 있으며, 이를 한국인 심혈관질환 예방을 위한 경고효과와 계도목적으로 현장에서 공중보건 관리에 활용되기를 제안한다. 한국형 심장나이 예측 모형의 개발을 위한 심층 연구도 필요하다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 1993

Between March, 1988 and July, 1992, 114 patients underwent Open Heart Surgery under hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. There were 29 cases of congenital heart anomalies (25％), and 85 cases of acquired heart diseases (75％) consisting of 53 cases of valvular heart disease, 31 cases of ischemic heart disease, and a case of left atrial myxoma. The age distribution of 114 cases was 4 to 73 years, and mean age was 43 years old consisting of mean age of congenital heart disease 23, valvular heart disease 47, and ischemic heart disease 57 years old. Overall operative mortality was about 7.9％.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2002

Physiological Cost Index (PCI) of walking has been widely used to predict oxygen consumption in healthy subjects or patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictability of physiological cost index of walking for the amount of exercise and cardiac function. Walking exercise was conducted in 67 healthy children (age 4-12) with a self-selected comfortable walking speed on the level surface. Walking speed was calculated, and heart rate was measured before and immediately after the walking. PCI was calculated for statistical analysis. The results were as follows; 1) The walking speed tends to increase and PCI of walking tends to decrease with age. There was significant difference in walking speed and PCI of walking among three age groups (p<.05). The change of walking heart rate tends to decrease with age, however, there was no significant difference among three age groups. 2) Linear regression equation between walking speed and age was 'Y (walking speed) = 2.124X (age) + 48.286' ($R^2$=.337), (p=.00). 3) The walking heart rate tends to decrease with age. Linear regression equation between walking heart rate and age was 'Y (walking heart rate) = 143.346 - 2.63X (age)' ($R^2$=.3425), (p=.00). 4) The walking heart rate decreased as body surface area (BSA) increased. Linear regression equation between walking heart rate and BSA was 'Y (walking heart rate) = 149.830 - 27.115X (BSA)' ($R^2$=.3066), (p=.00). In conclusion, these equations and PCI could be useful to quantify the variation of energy expenditure of children with pathological gait when compared with age-matched healthy children.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.167-175
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• 1992

During a 4 year period from 1987 to 1991, 152 patients underwent open heart surgery for congenital heart disease and acquired heart disease. Over all operative mortality was 6.6%. There were 76 congenital anomalies consisting of 73 acyanotic and 3 cyanotic and 76 acquired heart disease. The age distribution of 152 cases was 3 months to 62 years. Mean age was 13.0 years in congenital heart anomalies and 38.9 years in acquired heart disease patients.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2017

Objectives This study sought to investigate the relationship between age, sex and alterations in levels of % carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (%CDT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in patients admitted with alcohol dependence. Methods The study retrospectively enrolled 187 patients who were diagnosed with alcohol dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth edition (DSM-IV) and were admitted into a closed ward in Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital from 2009 to 2012 and Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital from 2012 to 2017. Demographic factors (age, sex) and biochemical markers [%CDT, GGT, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), aspartate transferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT)] were collected by reviewing medical records. Alterations in the levels of %CDT and GGT in different groups for each demographic factor were compared after correcting for confounding variables (age, initial %CDT, GGT, MCV, AST, ALT). Results Decreased %CDT and GGT were observed during the period of abstinence after admission. The normalization period for %CDT increased with age, while the normalization period for GGT was longer in female patients. Conclusions These results suggest that alcohol-dependent patients that vary in age have different alterations in %CDT, while different sexes have different alterations in GGT. Age and sex can be potential indicators of treatment response after abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between these factors with regards to physiological and hematological changes in alcohol dependence.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.692-699
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• 1985

Fifty cases of Open Heart Surgery due to congenital and acquired heart disease were done using the cardiopulmonary bypass in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Chosun University Hospital from November, 1980 to June, 1985. 1. The age of the congenital heart disease was from 7 to 29 years, the mean age was 14.5 years. In the acquired heart disease, the age was from 14 to 48 years, and the mean age was 22.3 years. The ratio of male to female was about 1.8:1. 2. The number of congenital cyanotic heart disease were 7 patients, congenital acyanotic heart disease were 17 patients and acquired valvular heart disease were 26 patients. All of the acquired heart disease was one or more valve disease. 3. Preoperative symptoms of the congenital heart disease were exertional dyspnea [cyanotic 100%, acyanotic 70.6%] and palpitation [cyanotic 28.6%, acyanotic 76.1%], and the acquired heart diseases were exertional dyspnea [92.3%], palpitation [34.1 %], and chest discomfort [30.8%]. 4. The method of the myocardial protection during the cardiopulmonary bypass were mild or moderate hypothermia, intermittent coronary perfusion of the cardioplegic solution, topical myocardial hypothermia with 4oC Hartmann`s solution. 5. In the cases of the valve replacement, postoperative oral anticoagulant therapy was started at oral intake of food using the warfarin and persantin, and the prothrombin time was maintained 30-50% of control value during 3-6 months for tissue valve replacement and permanently for metal valve replacement. 6. The postoperative complications were appeared in 24 cases and the complications were wound infection, occipital alopecia, hemorrhage etc. 7. The mortality after open heart surgery was 8 percents and the cause of death was low cardiac output syndrome, right heart failure, DIC, and Left ventricle rupture.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.769-776
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• 1992

Total 632 cases of open heart surgery were performed in the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University from october 1985 to december 1990. Among them, there were 503 cases of congenital heart disease and 129 cases of acquired heart disease. In the cases of 503 congenital heart disease surgically corrected, 122 cases over 15 years of age were reviewed and its results were summarized as follows ; l. In total 122 cases 65 were male and 52 female. 2. There were 54 patients under 20 years of age, 31 between 20 & 24 years, 20 between 25 & 29 and 17 over 30 years of age. The eldest was a 46-year-old female of atrial septal defect group. 3. There were 63 cases of VSD[51.7%], 38 of ASD[31.2%], 11 cases of TOF[9%] and so on. 4. In recovery cases, main post-operative complications were as follows; cardiac tamponade, arrhythmia, low cardiac output syndrome, pulmonary, edema pericarditis, mediastinitis, sepsis and DIC. 5. There were 3 cases of post-operative death in this series, so operative mortality rate was 2.5% compairing with 1.8% of pediatric cases below 15 years of age. 6. This reviewed series reveal that aggressive surgical approach in adult congenital heart disease can be justified with low operative mortality like as pediatric age group.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2012

Objectives: Economic growth and development of medical technology help to improve the average life expectancy, but the western diet and rapid conversions to poor lifestyles lead an increasing risk of major chronic diseases. Coronary heart disease mortality in Korea has been on the increase, while showing a steady decline in the other industrialized countries. An age-period-cohort analysis can help understand the trends in mortality and predict the near future. Methods: We analyzed the time trends of ischemic heart disease mortality, which is on the increase, from 1985 to 2009 using an age-period-cohort model to characterize the effects of ischemic heart disease on changes in the mortality rate over time. Results: All three effects on total ischemic heart disease mortality were statistically significant. Regarding the period effect, the mortality rate was decreased slightly in 2000 to 2004, after it had continuously increased since the late 1980s that trend was similar in both sexes. The expected age effect was noticeable, starting from the mid-60's. In addition, the age effect in women was more remarkable than that in men. Women born from the early 1900s to 1925 observed an increase in ischemic heart mortality. That cohort effect showed significance only in women. Conclusions: The future cohort effect might have a lasting impact on the risk of ischemic heart disease in women with the increasing elderly population, and a national prevention policy is need to establish management of high risk by considering the age-period-cohort effect.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.700-710
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• 1985

Three hundred and sixty seven cases of open heart surgery were done in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital from July, 1981 to October, 1985. 1. The age distribution of congenital heart disease patients was 3 to 41 years old and mean age was 12.7 years and of acquired heart disease was 9 to 57 years old and mean age was 30.9 years. 2. There were 281 cases [64.9%] of acyanotic congenital heart anomalies, 43 cases [11.7%] of cyanotic anomalies and 86 cases [23.4%] of acquired heart disease. 3. For myocardial protection, Bretschneider and potassium glucose solution had been used as cardioplegic solution but recently GIK solution is being used as secondary cardioplegic method by infusing repeatedly every 30 to 40 minutes time interval with excellent results. 4. The overall mortality was 8.2%. And the mortality rate in each disease entity is 2.5% in congenital acyanotic cases, 32.6% in congenital cyanotic cases and 11.6% in acquired valvular disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.360-364
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• 1993

From October 1989 to 1991 May, 100 cases of open heart surgery were performed under the cardiopulmonary bypass. 1. There were 47 male and 53 female patients ranging in age from 2 months to 64 years. 2. Of 100 cases of open heart surgery, 65 cases were congenital heart diseases, and 35 cases were acquired heart diseases. 3. In 65 cases of congenital heart diseases, there were 60 cases[92 %] with acyanotic heart anomaly and 5 cases [8 %] with cyanotic heart anomaly. 4. Among the 42 patients less than 15 years of age, 21 patients[50%] were below 10 kg and the operative mortality was 0.05 %. 5. The overall mortality was 4 %, and the operative mortality of congenital and acquired heart disease was 3.1% and 5.6%.