• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.488-502
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• 2014

Research on the actual state of healthy Korean food menu items made from environmentally-friendly organic foods showed that 65.6% of subjects had experience of purchasing environmentally-friendly organic foods, and both genders chose 'expensive but reliable' as their prime reason for purchasing. Having no experience of purchasing environmentally-friendly foods constituted 34.5% of respondents, and the reasons were 'high price' and 'finding no difference from ordinary food'. Research on awareness of healthy Korean food menu items made from environmentally-friendly organic ingredients showed that both men and women thought the given menu items were 'fresh' but had little awareness of other factors such as 'good value for price', 'good visual style' and 'various recipes'. Regarding development prospective of environmentally-friendly organic foods, the number of subjects who answered positively was 405 (93%), which indicates that most research subjects showed positive attitudes. Top-selling menu items in the grain section were Sundubu-jjigae, Dubu-kimchi and Jeonju-bibimbap, and pajeon took first place in the vegetable selection. Moreover, Imjasu-tang showed high scores in the meat section. Furthermore, research on menu selection showed that menu selection was usually dependent on 'the price of menu (3.86)', 'fresh ingredients (4.03)', 'harmony of color (3.65)' and 'mood of the day (3.25)'. Research on menu selection revealed that 'quality of food' factors had the greatest influence upon preference and purchase intention for environmentally-friendly organic foods. Visual and psychological factors and values had significant an effect. Therefore, the food service industry should use this study as a source to develop menu items, by considering quality and visual factors. In addition, there should be various research performed on marketing strategies about menus from using environmentally-friendly organic foods and high value products.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 2014

Objective: In this study, we applied a neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliding technique to healthy adults to elucidate its effects on hamstring flexibility and postural balance. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study targeted twenty four healthy adults (16 men, 8 women). A neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliding technique was applied 5 times to all subjects' dominant leg. The subjects were asked to sit on the bed while performing cervical and thoracic flexion, as well as knee flexion with ankle plantar flexion. Then, they were asked to perform cervical and thoracic extension and knee extension with their ankle in dorsiflexion and maintain the position for 60 s. For postural balance, we measured postural sway while the subjects maintained a one-legged standing posture using the Good Balance System and measured the hip joint flexion range of motion using a standardized passive straight leg raise (SLR) test. Results: SLR test increased significantly from $79^{\circ}$ before the intervention to $91.67^{\circ}$ after the intervention (p<0.05). Regarding the participants' balance evaluated using the one-legged standing test, the X-speed decreased significantly from 18.61 mm/s to 17.17 mm/s (p<0.05), the Y-speed decreased from 22.28 mm/s to 20.52 mm/s (p<0.05), and the velocity moment was significantly decreased from $89.33mm^2/s$ to $74.99mm^2/s$ after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusions: Application of the neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliding technique exhibited improved hamstring flexibility and postural balance of healthy adults.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.292-296
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the exercise effect of two types of training with a recumbent cycle ergometer on ankle muscle strength (dorsiflexor strength, DFS; dorsiflexor strength/weight, DFS/kg; plantar flexor strength, PFS; and plantar flexor strength/weight, PFS/kg) in healthy male subjects. Methods: Twenty-three healthy males (27.91±8.66 yr) were randomly allocated into two groups (high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and aerobic exercise training (AET) after the first measurement. The subjects were trained for 24 sessions (40 min/rep, three times/week) and ankle strength was measured for a second time. Two-way mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify significant differences between changes in ankle muscle strength between before and after training (within factors) in the HIIT and AET groups (between factors). The statistical significance level was set at α=0.05. Results: In both HIIT and AET groups, all variables of ankle muscle strength were significantly increased after training compared to before training (p=0.001). However, there were no differences in all variables of ankle strength between the HIIT and AET group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both types (HIIT and AET) of recumbent cycle exercise training could be effective training methods to increase ankle muscle strength in healthy individuals, and the HIIT type with high intensity and low frequency pedaling could be recommended more to strengthen ankle muscles.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.50-61
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• 2021

Objectives: The object of this study was to examine whether there was a significant difference between morning and afternoon in heart rate variability(HRV) in healthy Korean adults. In addition, the correlation between the characteristics of the subjects and the test results was analyzed. Methods: From January 8, 2021 to January 29, 2021, twenty healthy subjects received short-term HRV test once in the morning(6:00~12:00) and twice in the afternoon(12:00~18:00). We used IBM SPSS Statistics 27 to test for statistical significance. Results: The mean heart rate and PSI decreased significantly and SDNN increased significantly in the morning compared to the afternoon. There was no significant difference except RMSSD in HRV conducted at 2 hours intervals in the afternoon. Age had a significant difference in SDNN and TP, and exercise in average heart rate. Age, weekly exercise frequency, and monthly drinking frequency showed significant correlations with HRV indicators. As a result of multiple regression analysis, monthly drinking frequency was a variable that had a significant influence on TP. Conclusions: The results of the tests performed with short interval were relatively consistent, and when comparing the results of the afternoon and the next morning, there were significant differences in several indicators. In the future, the number of HRV measurements should be increased and a larger-scale follow-up study including more subjects will be needed.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

Objective : The heart rate variability is very useful indicator to study the function of the autonomic nervous system(ANS), and the physiologic signals can be observed based on the changes of the ANS of the heart. In order to assay the effects of the laser exposing to healthy subjects, the double blind test has been performed. Methods : This study included 62 healthy adults who have not any ANS disease and had normal sinus rhythm in electrocardiogram. The control group consisted of 31 subjects, laser group consisted of 31 subject. HRV was measured for 5 minutes before laser irradiation, sham and real laser irradiated for 30 minutes and than HRV remeasured for 5 minutes. Statistical significance was evaluated by independent T-test. Results : Mean HRV, Ln(VLF), Ln(HF), Ln(TP) of both groups at post-laser period decreased compared with that of the pre-laser period. Ln(LF) of both groups at post-laser period increased compared with that of the pre-laser period. LF/HF, SDNN of real laser group decreased and sham group decreased. Conclusions : There is no difference between two groups. The reason is presumed that all the studied subjects are healthy adults, and also the short and single transcutaneous laser irradiation would not influence upon changes of the ANS. The further study must be followed.

• IE interfaces
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.273-280
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• 2000

Time-tradeoff measures and healthy years equivalents were assessed and compared through an empirical study based on Multi-attribute utility theory. The study included 33 student subjects as a pilot study, and 54 end-stage renal disease patients in Wisconsin. The two outcome measures were compared with the survival duration of 1, 5, and 10 years. The results of the study show that the time-tradeoff method and the two-stage method did not lead to the same numerical quantities, although they aim to measure the same quantities (equivalent numbers of healthy years) theoretically. The healthy years equivalents involved more inconsistencies, and were less reliable than the time-tradeoff measures. Overestimation of the healthy years equivalents was observed. This seemed to be caused by the complex procedure of the two-stage method as well as by the preferences assessment biases. Based on the study experiences, the time-tradeoff measure would be recommended for problems involving generic medical applications and health policies.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.69-96
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the awareness and practice level of health food intake and use the information for the development of Public Health Policy and Health Education Program in order to help healthy dietary life. The interview was done by trained surveyors on 1, 143 city dwellers who were selected randomly from Oct. 2, to Oct. 21, 1992. The results are summarized as follows: 1) General characteristics of subjects; Among 1, 143 respondents, there were more female(53.8%) than males(46.2%) and the age group of 20-29 account for the hightest portion, 46.7%. As for the education levels, 45.3% of the subjects were college graduates. And 38.9% of the subjects were students. 2) The percentage of subjects who assess themselves ‘Healthy’ was 46.7% and ‘Not Healthy’ was 17.4%. 3) The subjects who have irregular meals(3 times a day) was 48.7%, the rate of females was higher than males. The proportion of unmarried subjects, people with low economic level, high education level, and students was high. 4) As for the amount of 1 meal, 72.4% was ‘moderate’, 16.3% was ‘too much’ amount, which was higher in 19 years old, single, low economic level, elementary school graduate, than other groups. 5) As for the eating speed, 40.2% was fast, which was higher in single(44.3%), in low economic level(50.0%). college graduate(44.9%), student(44.7%) than other groups. 6) As for the level of preference to hot and salty food, 25.7% preferred to have hot and salty food. The difference in the degree of preference to hot and salty food by age and economic level was significant. 7) With regard to the individual food taste, the subjects who prefer to meat and fried food were 12.3%. Which was higher in the group under 19 years old, single, and college graduates. 8) With regard to having a snack, 38.7% have a snack. By characteristics, the subjects who have a snack were higher in female, under 19 years old, single, high economic level, apartment dwellers, college graduate, and student than other groups. 9) As for the coffee intake amount per day, 39.8% of subjects was more than 3 cups daily. 10) With regard to the self-assessment of body weight, the subjects who assess themselves over body weight had late dinner time. 11) As for the correlation among related variables, the age and taking breakfast was positive correlation. And sex and drinking alcohol was positively associated while age had negative correlation.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.970-975
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• 2012

In Sasang constitutional medicine, doctors diagnose and treat patients according to their Sasang consitutition (SC) type. In this work, by a clinical test with a radial pulse tonometer, we investigated radial pulse properties which were significant in distinguishing unhealthy subjects from healthy subjects for each SC type. We measured radial pulse properties on left and right Gwan locations with a pulse tonometer for 299 elderly female subjects of age of 50 years old or above. We used a newly developed SCAT system to determine subjects' SC types. Subjects' health levels of either healthy or unhealthy were determined independently by two Korean medical doctors. To investigate the statistical differences, we used either of Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test depending on the normality of distribution of test statistic. For TE type, unhealthy subjects were characterized with significant increases in heart rate, systolic to diastolic period, pulse depth, while they showed significant decreases in width of pulse in normal direction, pulse area in diastolic period, and high harmonic components (6th, 7th) of power spectral density. For SE type, unhealthy subjects were characterized with significant increases in pulse pressure and pulse depth, while no significant differences were found for SY type. We investigated the characteristic differences in radial pulse properties due to change in health levels on each SC type for elderly females. Pulse variables which were significantly different between healthy subjects and unhealthy subjects were found to vary between SC types. For TE type subjects, many variables were found significant at the left Gwan location, which is in support of the theory of hyperactive liver functioning for TE type. Irrespective of the constitution, the related changes in the pulse properties due to worsened health level were in support of elevated blood flow amount in compensation with weakened blood circulatory function.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.96-100
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• 2013

Purpose: Chronic periodontitis (CP) seems to be associated with stress and depression, but little information on this possible association is available in the literature. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association among stress, the salivary cortisol level (SCL), and CP. Methods: Seventy systemically healthy subjects were included in the study from January to September 2011. Full medical and dental histories were obtained, and the following measurements were recorded: 1) probing depth; 2) clinical attachment level; 3) bleeding on probing; and 4) tooth mobility. Saliva samples were collected for the evaluation of SCL (via a highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay), and all subjects also answered a questionnaire (i.e., the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale). The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated, and one way analysis of variance and the Tukey-Kramer method were performed. Results: A total of 36 subjects with CP (51.4%) and 34 without CP were evaluated. Of them, all of the subjects with CP and one periodontally healthy subject were diagnosed with depression. Subjects with moderate CP had statistically significantly higher levels of SCL than subjects with a diagnosis of slight CP (P=0.006). Also, subjects with severe CP showed the same outcome when compared to those with slight CP (P=0.012). In addition, 46 subjects presented high SCL whereas 24 had a normal level. CP was found to be correlated with the SCL, with an OR of 4.14 (95% CI, 1.43 to 12.01). Conclusions: Subjects with a high SCL and depression may show an increased risk for CP.

• 대한임상약리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.75-75
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• 2006