• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.30 no.6 s.154
• /
• pp.981-991
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to determine the practicability of an experimental protective clothing by identifying the human body's physiological responses to it as well as the human body's comfort level when wearing it, particularly with the use of a processed charcoal material. The experimental protective clothing came in two types: one whose outer side made use of polypropylene film, and the inner side, a non-woven rayon fabric; and one whose inner side made use of a non-woven fabric processed with charcoal with a 10% density. Experiments were conducted on five healthy adult women whose average age was 21. These experiments were conducted at a climatic chamber, in which the temperature and relative humidity were set below $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;and\;50{\pm}10%$, respectively, and were measured within a period of 60min, consisting of a 20-min rest period, a 20-min exercise period, and a 20-min recovery period. Based on the results of this study, the efficiency of the processed charcoal material was reviewed, and a database requiring the production of more functional and comfortable protective clothing materials was established.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2008

Objective Sweet bee venom is made by removing allergen from the bee venom through gel filtration chromatography and propionic acid/urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The aim of this study was to verify allergy inhibitory action in Sweet Bee Venom(SBV) and New Sweet Bee Venom(NSBV) removed enzymes and compounds of low molecular weight. Methods 84 healthy adult men and women were selected through a survey whom had never received the bee venom therapy in the past. The concentration of Normal Saline, SBV and NSBV pharmacopuncture was equally at 0.1mg/mL and the experiment was conducted as the double blind test. Results Participants of the study was comprised of 63 men and 21 women with the average age of 28.3 years. According to results of pain sense, SBV group showed significant higher score compared with NS group and NSBV group using VAS in treating time. And SBV and NSBV group showed significant higher score compared with NS group after 30 minutes. Other allergic responses were insignificant between the groups. Conclusions As a result of removed allergen and compounds of low molecular weight, NSBV significantly inhibits pain sense in treating time compared with SBV. This indicates wider and easier application of NSBV for the useful application in clinical treatment. Further comparative studies should be conducted to yield more objective verification.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.310-315
• /
• 2010

The amount of salt intake of Korean people is 11.4 grams per a day, which is 2.3 times of the recommended daily salt intake by WHO - 5 grams of salt a day. The relationship between high salt consumption and increased risk of high blood pressure, observed not only in hypertensive but also in normotensive patients. High salt intake is also associated with an increased risk of heart attack, cerebral ischemia and osteoporosis. Therefore, this research is for developing a salt taste sensor to reduce sodium consumption and improve meal habits for the perception of a more bland taste of most foods. When the sensor was put into food sample, current intensity achieved with distribution cables. Current intensity was correlate with a simple equivalent of salt taste stimulus intensity. The salt taste sensor consists of salinity & temperature measuring probe, signal processing circuit and LCD display & LED warning light. When salinity is going over a set point, LCD displayer indicate salt taste on LCD panel by percent value (%), and at the same time, blue LED light change to red LED light. So we could know the grade of salt taste in soup before meals conveniently and objectively. The results show that operating range of 10 to $80^{\circ}C$ and accuracy of ${\pm}0.1%$ were achieved with an analysis time of about 2 or 3 sec. Moderate reductions in salt intake can help to avert adult diseases and lead a healthy life.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.240-247
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the completion and related factors on Advance Directives (AD) in olde adults. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. Participants were 196 old adults, 65 and over aged in D metropolitan city. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2-test$, t-test, and logistic regression with SPSS 22.0 program. The rate of completion intention toward AD was 58.2% in the participants. There were different age, Living alone, subjective health status, awareness toward AD, and negative attitude toward death by completion intention toward AD. In the regression analysis results, the predictors of completion intention toward AD was awareness toward AD in old adults. The findings of the study reveal that positive awareness toward AD can predict completion of AD of healthy old adults in community.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.86-92
• /
• 2017

Objective : This study evaluated the factor structure of a Korean version of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (K-PSWQ) with exploratory factor analysis in healthy adult subjects, and confirmatory factor analysis of subjects who have received psychiatric treatment. Methods : Exploratory principal component analysis was conducted with data from 318 non-psychiatric subjects, and 118 psychiatric patients were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis (maximum likelihood estimation). Participants were voluntary visitors at the booth who agreed to undergo screening for anxiety disorder at 2013 & 2014 Korea Mental Health Exhibitions. Results : Exploratory analysis revealed a two factor structure of the scale with total variance of 56.3%. Factor 1 was considered 'Worry engagement', and factor 2 was considered 'Absence of worry'. However, the results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported that both one factor model with method factor and two factor model are fit to structure of the scale considering fit indices. Internal consistency of total questions was good (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=0.899$). Conclusion : Our results supported the previously suggested factor structure of the PSWQ, and proved factorial validity of the K-PSWQ in both populations.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2011

This study suggested an optimized algorithm for detecting the loss of balance(LOB) in the seated position. And the sensitivity analysis was performed in order to identify the role of each design variable in the algorithm. The LOB algorithm consisted of data processing of measured signals, an internal model of the central nervous system and a control error anomaly(CEA) detector. This study optimized design variables of a CEA detector to obtain improved values of the success rate(SR) of detecting the LOB and the margin time(MT) provided for preventing the falling. Nine healthy adult volunteers were involved in the experiments. All the subjects were asked to balance their body in a predescribed seated posture with the rear legs of a four-legged wooden chair. The ground reaction force from the right leg was measured from the force plate while the accelerations of the chair and the head were measured from a couple of piezoelectric accelerometers. The measured data were processed to predict the LOB using a detection algorithm. Variables S2, h2 and hd are related to the detector: S2 represents a data selecting window, h2 a time shift and hd an operating period of the LOB detection algorithm. S2 was varied from 0.1 to 10 sec with an increment of 0.1 sec, and both h2 and hd were varied from 0.01 to 1.0 sec with an increment of 0.01 sec. It was found that the SR and MT were increased by up to 9.7% and 0.497 sec comparing with the previously published case when the values of S2, h2 and hd were set to 4.5, 0.3 and 0.2 sec, respectively. Also the results of sensitivity analysis showed that S2 and h2 had considerable influence on the SR while these variables were not so sensitive to the MT.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 1993

This study was carried out to estimate the relationship between dietary intake, blood level, and urinary excretion of minerals and blood pressure in 30 healthy adults living in rural area of Korea(12 males and 18 females). Analysis for the nutritional status of the subjects were performed by 3-day dietary intake record, duplicated diet collection, 24-hour urine collection, and venous blood sampling before measuring blood pressure. The mean blood pressure of subjects was 117.50/80.83mmHg in males and 110.00/73.89mmHg in females. The mean daily intakes of Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn estimated for 3 days were 199.97mEq, 49.56mEq, 452.50mg, 725.57mg, 240.40mg, 12.48mg, 3.41mg, 8.28mg, respectively. The serum concentration of Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn were 139.83mEq/dl, 4.06mEq/dl, 8.86mg/dl, 3.28mg/dl, 2.13mg/dl, 0.12mg/dl, 0.12mg/dl, 0.14mg/dl, respectively. The 24-hour urinary excretions of Na, K, Ca, p, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn estimated for 169.60mEq, 39.37mEq, 80.40mg, 398.97mg, 64.77mg, 0.21mg, 0.07mg, 0.29mg, respectively. No significant correlation was found between dietary intake, serum concentration, and urinary excretion of minerals and blood pressure. But, the serum Ca/Mg ratio showed negative correlation with the systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the level of significance of 5%. The study verifies the need for more systematic studies on interrelationship among minerals and mineral requirements in normotensive and hypertensive subjects.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.98-114
• /
• 1985

In the previous studies, one of our author had observed the obligatory nitrogen losses through urine and feces in young Korean male adults, and utilization of whole egg protein in Korean young adults with ordinary intake of energy as a basic study for estimating protein requirements of Korean. This study has tried to determine the protein requirement and utilization when subjects ate the Korean mixed diet at the energy level of 45 kcal per Kg body weight per day. Six healthy Korean young female adults, college students, aged $20{\sim}25$ years old, and $45{\sim}61Kg$ of body weight participated as the study subjects. They were given isocaloric diets with four different protein levels for five days each successively. These diets contained protein levels of 0.45, 0.60, 0.75 and 0.90g per Kg of body weight per day, respectively. It was attempted to observe energy and protein intake, urinary and fecal nitrogen losses, true digestibility of protein, net protein utilization of protein in the body over last two days of period of eating each diet and nitrogen balances were calculated. The body weight change and hematological observation were also performed. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1) True digestibility of protein of Korean mixed diets ranged from 83.1% to 86.5% and the average of which was $84.7{\pm}1.7%$. 2) Net protein utilization rate of Korean mixed diets was range of 49% to 55% and the average of which was $52{\pm}3%.$ 3) The body weight of subjects were slightly increased and the values of hemoglobin and hematocrit of the blood were also little increased during the experimental periods of twenty days. 4) Protein requirements of Korean mixed diet with the energy level of 45 kcal/Kg body weight per day of Korean young female adults were estimated as 1.00g/Kg/day on this experimental condition.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.41-54
• /
• 2008

Objective : In this study, we investigated the effects of Sweet Bee Venom(SBV) and Bee Venom(BV) at a acupoint, HT7(Shinmun) on the Heart Rate Variability(HRV) in the healthy man. And we tried to observe how Sweet Bee Venom and Bee Venom affects on the balance of the autonomic nervous system. Methods : We investigated on 22 heathy volunteers consisted of 10 subjects in SBV group and 12 subjects in BV group. Study form was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. 22 subjects of each group were injected SBV and BV at HT7(Shinmun). And we measured HRV by QECG-3:LXC3203 (LAXTHA Inc. Korea) on 7 times : before and after injection per 5minutes during 30minutes. Results : 1. After SBV injection, Mean-RR was significantly high from 0 to 10 minutes, Mean-HRV was significantly low from to 10 minutes, SDNN was significantly high after 25minutes, Complexity was significantly high from 5 to 10 minutes and RMSSD was significantly high from 5 to 10minutes. 2. Complexity of SBV Group significantly decreased from 20 to 25minutes, RMSSD of SBV Group significantly increased from 10 to 15minute and from $20{\sim}25$minutes, SDSD of SBV Group significantly increased from 10 to 15 minute and from $20{\sim}25$minutes compared with that of BV group. 3. After SBV injection, Ln(VLF) was significantly from 25 to 30minutes. Conclusions : The results suggest that SBV in heathy adult man tend to activate the autonomic nervous system compared to BV within normal range.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.36-42
• /
• 2010

A cross-sectional survey was used to investigate the rates of overweight and obesity (BMI$\geq$25), and eating attitudes among college students. Data were collected at a large southeastern university. Adolescents (ages 18-25) self-reported weight and height (to calculate BMI), and, in addition to demographic information, completed the eating attitudes (EAT 26) scale to assess dieting tendencies. Significance of the mean BMI differences between gender and ethnic background were assessed by one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA). Chi-square was used to determine whether the rate of those with BMI$\geq$25 between gender and ethnic background was statistically significant. While 52.7% of the students' BMI were within the normal weight category, 15.2% were underweight, 21.3% were overweight, and 10.8% were obese. The rate of BMI$\geq$25 differed by gender and ethnicity, with males and African Americans having higher rates. About 12 % of the participants reported disturbed eating behavior, which is lower than previously reported. Even so, results support the generally held belief that disturbed eating attitudes and unhealthy dieting are common among college students, especially among females. At the same time, disturbed eating attitudes are not just the domain of young female students; about 10% of college males reported disturbed eating attitudes. Findings of this study call for obesity prevention/intervention and lifestyle modification outreach programs among college students. Weight status and unhealthy eating behaviors of college. students should be a concern to health care professionals. While obese young adults will likely remain obese throughout their adult life, excessive dieting among students, which is linked to eating disorders and other health hazards, does not provide healthy and adequate alternatives for maintaining a normal BMI. Implications for obesity prevention programs are discussed.