• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.197-204
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between health-related quality of life and oral health behavior and oral health status, and to provide the basic data for national oral health policy. Methods: The primary data of the 5th National Health Examination and Nutritional Survey(NHANES) in 2012 were used in this study. The subjects were 2,243 middle-aged people(40-59 years old), 827 persons were excluded for missing value or having diseases affecting quality of life(depression, stroke, cardiac infarction, angina, liver cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, thyroid cancer, other cancers, arthritis), and 1,416 data were finally analyzed. Results: In health-related quality of life by subjects' characteristics, there was significant difference in gender, age, education, family income, and employment status(p<0.01) except for current smoking. Oral health behavior didn't have significant relation to health-related quality of life, but better oral health status showed better health-related quality of life(p<0.01). Conclusions: In conclusion, this study suggested that there was close relationship between the oral health status and health-related quality of life in moddle aged people. Therefore, national oral health policy is needed for the oral health promotion with commitment of oral prophylaxis and care programs to the individual and community.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2018

Background: Health is affected by various local factors. This study aims to investigate the age-standardized mortality variation of Seoul as well as the characteristics of the factors related to the mortality variation. Methods: The Korea Community Health Survey data, Seoul Survey data, Seoul statistics, and e-regional indicators of the National Statistical Office were used. To investigate the basic boroughs standardized mortality variation in Seoul, external quotient, coefficient of variation (CV), and systematic component of variation (SCV) values were suggested; correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to investigate the characteristics related to standardized mortality rate. Results: The highest and the lowest standardized mortality rate of Seoul by boroughs had as much as 1.4 times difference; a low level of variation was shown in CV by 8.2; and was shown in SCV by 79. As a result of the multiple regression analysis of the factors that affect standardized mortality variation, the higher the rate of householders with college or higher, the lower the standardized mortality rate, and the higher the high-risk drinking rate, the higher the standardized mortality rate. Of the two, the rate of householder with a degree equivalent or higher than college was shown to have the biggest impact, followed by high-risk drinking rate. Conclusion: We found a variation in age-standardized mortality rate of boroughs in Seoul. The results suggest that policy makers should take into account socioeconomic environmental characteristics of community in developing community-based health promotion rather than focusing on lifestyle changes of residents.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.231-242
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of oral health behavior factors to oral health promotion behavior in dental hygiene students and nonhealth-related majors, to identify factors affecting their oral health promotion behavior and ultimately to provide information on the oral health promotion of college students and behavioral factors related to that. Methods : The subjects in this study were three-year-course dental hygiene students and two-year-course nonhealth-related majors in G college located in the city of Gwangju. A self-administered survey was conducted for 11 days from September 9 to 19, 2009, and the answer sheets from 473 respondents were analyzed. To look for connections between their major and the characteristics of their oral health promotion behavior, t-test was utilized, and t-test and one-way ANOVA were carried out to find out the relationship oral health promotion behavior by general characteristics. Besides, multiple regression analysis was employed to grasp factors affecting oral health promotion behavior. Results : Among the subfactors of oral health promotion behavior, the dental hygiene students statistically significantly outdid the nonhealth-related majors in thorough post-meal toothbrushing(p<0.01), toothbrushing method(p<0.001), use of fluorine-containing dentifrice(p<0.001) and good nutrition(p<0.05). But the latter statistically significantly outperformed the former in use of fluorine-containing rinse(p<0.001) and limited sugar intake(0<0.05). Regarding variables affecting oral health promotion behavior, the age group, whether to get a dental checkup over the last year and whether to use oral hygiene supplies were identified as the variables to impact on oral health promotion behavior. Specifically, the age group(dental hygiene students) and the get a dental checkup over the last year(nonhealth-related majors) had a greater impact. Conclusions : To promote the oral health of college students, comprehensive oral health education should be provided, which covers the importance of dental checkup, recommendation for the use of oral hygiene supplies, etc. Specifically, oral health education should be offered as one of general education courses in order for nonhealth-related majors to get into sound life habits and improve their oral health promotion behavior. To make it happen, required institutional measures should be taken.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between self-efficacy and health promotion lifestyle in middle and high school teachers. Methods: This study used survey data from 26 middle and high schools The study included 181 teachers who completed questionnaires. The questionnaires were consisted of demographic and occupational characteristics, self-efficacy on health behaviors, and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP). Analyses were done using frequency, percentage, correlation, and multiple regression analysis with dummy variables. SAS 8.2 was used. Results: Mean self-efficacy score on health behaviors was 4.1${\pm}$0.5. Mean health promotion lifestyle scores were healthy diet (2.4${\pm}$0.5), physical activity (2.0${\pm}$0.8), stress management (2.3${\pm}$0.5), self-fulfillment (2.9${\pm}$0.5), responsibility of health (2.3${\pm}$0.6), and personal relationship (2.7${\pm}$0.6). Self-efficacy was significantly related to all health promotion lifestyle scores (healthy diet, physical activity, stress management, self-fulfillment, responsibility of health, and personal relationship). Among demographic and occupational characteristics, sex and school level was significantly related to healthy diet. Sex was significantly associated with physical activity. Marital status was significantly related to responsibility of health. Conclusions: The results showed that intervention programs for middle and high school teachers targeting health promotion lifestyle are needed. These intervention programs would be effective when sex, age, marital status, and school level are considered. In addition, given that higher self-efficacy was related to higher health promotion lifestyle scores, it strengthens the need for further investigations aimed at how to change self-efficacy in teachers.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.409-415
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the correlation between stress and oral health in some high school students. Methods: The subjects were 224 students from three high schools in Daejeon, Daecheon, and Incheon. from November to December, 2015. A self-reported questionnaire was filled out from November to December, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, awareness toward stress, stress-coping pattern, oral health-related quality of life and oral health care. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program. Results: In the analysis of academic stress level by the general characteristics and stress level, higher stress group showed higher experience in stress expectation(high group 16.43, subgroup 9.21), internal stress(high group 13.97, subgroup 6.16), expression type stress(high 10.06, sub-4.95). The higher stress group had emotional stress management in stress-coping pattern and less experience in difficulty of tooth brushing, chewing discomfort, and oral health-related quality of life management(p<0.001). Conclusions: The stress had a negative impact on the oral health related quality of life. The high school students should be able to manage the physical and mental stress. It is necessary to provide the continuous oral health care management against the stress by the dental hygienists.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.221-228
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of oral health impact profile in two urban area The respondents enrolled in this study were elderly people aged 65years from Gwang-ju city, Sunchon city. A total of 371 participants(Gwang-ju city 161, Sunchon city 210) analyzed. The contents of the research were social demographic characteristics, self perceived need for dental care, attributes related to denture, dental visiting pattern, the perceptions regarding dental health condition, and OHIP-14. 1. In the comparison Two urban area, the perceptions regarding dental health condition, self perceived need for dental care, dental visiting pattern was statistically significant difference(p<0.05). 2. Among the 7 OHIP-14 subscales, the mean scores of physical disability were significantly higher in two urban area(p<0.05). 3. The Social demographic characteristics, OHIP-14 represented a statistically significant difference related to gender, age and denture use(p<0.05). Through this research, Both Gwang-ju city and Sunchon city was found that elderly people was more negative impact of physical disability on oral health related quality of life. Therefore need to oral health program for improving oral health in the elderly people.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.461-475
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the related factors of oral health-related quality of life in the severely disabled people. Methods: The subjects were 205 severe disabled people in Busan and Gyeongnam. Data were collected by direct interview with the severe disabled persons from June to August, 2011. The study instruments included oral health impact profile(OHIP)-14 and Korean instrumental activities of daily living(K-IADL). Data were analyzed by SAS version 9.2. The questionnaire consisted of eight questions of the general characteristics of the subjects, five questions of oral health related problem, seven questions of K-ADL, ten questions of K-IADL, fourteen questions of oral health related quality of life. Results: The severely disabled's IADL was $19.9{\pm}7.8$ and the oral health-related quality of life was $17.5{\pm}10.5$. In multiple regression analysis, oral health-related quality of life was closely related to multiple disorders and IADL. Conclusions: The oral health-related quality of life was poor in the severely disabled people. It is necessary to provide the severely disabled people with self-supporting tools that help ADL and IADL.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.612-619
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• 2015

The present study was designed to investigate health-related life habits, food preference, body composition for proper dietary habits, health promotion of communities in Incheon area. The effects of personal characteristics and health-related life habits such as gender, age, having breakfast, smoking, drinking, and exercise were analyzed using a surveying. 961 community subjects (262 males and 699 females) were investigated using a questionnaire and Inbody. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi squared test, and one-way ANOVA (analysis of variation) with SPSS/WIN 21.0. The result of gender distribution showed there were 262 males and 699 females, and with respect to the effect of gender on health-related life habits, smoking, drinking, and exercise showed significant differences (p < 0.05), whereas having breakfast was not significantly difference (p>0.05). Therefore, the present provide evidence of a relationship between health-related life habits and gender. Regarding the effect of BMI on health-related life habits, exercise showed significant differences (p < 0.05), whereas smoking, drinking, and having breakfast were not significantly difference (p>0.05). Thus, the present study also provides evidence of a relationship between health-related life habits and BMI. Our analysis shows that food preference and body composition were significant different from health-related life habits such as smoking, drinking, exercise, and having breakfast (p < 0.05). Our analysis showed that body composition was significant differences from health related habits such as smoking, drinking, exercise, and breakfast (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study suggests that diet guidelines support and improve health promotion designed by communities.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the western countries with advanced medical technology failed to contain coronavirus. This fact triggered our research question of what factors influence the clinical outcomes like infection rates and case mortality rates. This study aims to identify the determinants of COVID-19 related infection rates and case mortality rates. We considered three sets of independent variables: 1) socio-demographic characteristics; 2) cultural characteristics; 3) healthcare system characteristics. For the analysis, we created an international dataset from diverse sources like World Bank, Worldometers, Hofstede Insight, GHS index etc. The COVID-19 related statistics were retrieved from Aug. 1. Total cases are from 95 countries. We used hierarchical regression method to examine the linear relationship among variables. We found that obesity, uncertainty avoidance, hospital beds per 1,000 made a significant influence on the standardized COVID-19 infection rates. The countries with higher BMI score or higher uncertainty avoidance showed higher infection rates. The standardized COVID-19 infection rates were inversely related to hospital beds per 1,000. In the analysis on the standardized COVID-19 case mortality rates, we found that two cultural characteristics(e.g., individualism, uncertainty avoidance) showed statistically significant influence on the case mortality rates. The healthcare system characteristics did not show any statistically significant relationship with the case mortality rates. The cultural characteristics turn out to be significant factors influencing the clinical outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic. The results imply that the persuasive communication is important to trigger the public commitment to follow preventive measures. The strategy to keep the hospital surge capacity needs to be developed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.416-425
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and health-related behavior of nurses. Method: The subjects of this study were 161 nurses studying at a cyber university. The general characteristics, stress, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and health-related behavior of the subjects were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire in October, 2010. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the working pattern: shift workers (n = 110) and non-shift workers (n = 51). Results: In the general characteristics, there were significant differences in marriage, monthly income, employment type, and job satisfaction between the two groups. Total stress score did not differ significantly between the two groups. In dietary habits, significant differences in meal regularity, skipping meals, skipping reasons, having regular mealtimes, frequency of snack and the snack time between shift workers and non-shift workers (p<0.05). Total score of dietary behaviors in shift workers was significantly lower than that in non-shift workers (p<0.05). Score of shift workers in taking three meals per day regularly was significantly lower than that of non-shift workers. In health-related behavior, a significant difference in sleeping time was observed between shift workers and non-shift workers. Dietary behavior showed negative correlation with shift work (r = 0.176) and positive correlation with health consciousness (r = 0.210) and perceived health status (r = 0.198) in subjects after adjustment for age, marriage, monthly income, and employment type (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that shift work, health consciousness, and perceived health status affected dietary behavior in subjects. Conclusion: These results indicate that shift working nurses had poor dietary habits and dietary behaviors, and these dietary behaviors are affected by their shift work, health consciousness, and perceive health status.