• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.540-554
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• 1997

The effects of cigarette smoking on the psychosocial distress, the absenteeism, the occupational injuries, and on the prevalence for the accidents were assessed in 795 male workers who had been employed since March 1994. The results show that the prevalence of current smokers were higher in young men, lower educational level, lower income, single men(unmarried or divorced), alcohol drinkers, and blue collar workers. In the bivariate analyses, the workers with the high job demand and low work control were more likely to smoke, although the relationship was not strong. Those who reported lower satisfaction on his job tended to smoke more. Mean scores of psychosocial well-being index(PWI) were higher in current smokers than nonsmokers. For the hierarchical multiple regression analyses, interaction terms between cigarette smoking and job stressors(job demand and work control) were not significant. For smokers, the odds ratios for the occupational injuries, and the accidents were 1.40(95% confidence interval 0.77-2.57) and 1.96 (95% confidence interval 0.75-5.09), respectively. The mean absent day were 4.13 for smokers, 3.65 for nonsmokers, although the differences were not statistically significant. It seems that cigarette smoking had not caused any crucial effects on the psychosocial well-being status and the occupational risks. Some considerations for the further research on the relationship of cigarette smoking on the mental health status and the occupational risks were also discussed.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2021

In addition to physical risks such as electrical, chemical, and mechanic ones in the workplace, psychosocial risks are also raising as an important issue in recent years in connection with human rights and work-life balance policies. The purpose of this study is to confirm the degree of effect of the psychosocial risk management plan at the workplace on workers through logistic regression analysis. Input data for logistic regression analysis is the results of a survey of 4,558 people conducted by the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health were used. There are 9 independent variables, including the change a workplace and confidential counseling, and the dependent variable is whether the worker feels the effect on the psychosocial risk management plan. As a result of this study, changes in work organization, dispute resolution procedures, provision of education program, notification of the impact of psychosocial risks on safety and health, and the persons in charge of solving psychosocial problems are shown effective in reducing worker's psychosocial risks. This study drives which of the management plans implemented to reduce the psychosocial risk of workers in the workplace are effective, so it can contribute to the development of psychosocial risk management plans in the future.

• 한국노년학
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.397-420
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• 2021

본 논문은 전향적 설계를 통하여 중장년 및 노년기 성인 자원봉사와 고혈압 발생, 고혈압증세 호전, 일상생활활동 어려움발생, 약복용 및 치료 등과의 관계를 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 2008년~2018년까지 10년에 걸쳐 수집된 종단 패널데이터를 사용했으며 분석 코호트 약 5,867명을 표본 추출하여 멀티레벨 혼합효과일반화선형 모델로 통계분석을 수행했다. 분석결과 자원봉사를 적어도 연 200시간 이상 한 사람은 안했을 때 보다 고혈압발생위험이 3.4배 낮았고, 연 50~99시간 한 사람은 안했을 때 보다 고혈압 증세호전이 더 크게 증가하였으며, 연 200시간 이상 자원봉사를 한 사람은 안했을 때 보다 활동어려움 발생확률이 7.7배 낮았으며, 그리고 연 50~99시간 자원봉사를 한 사람은 안했을 때 보다 약 복용 및 치료 발생 확률이 2.5배 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 중장년 및 노년기 성인의 자원봉사는 고혈압 및 관련 현상에 유익한 개선 효과가 있다는 것을 함의한다. 그리고 연구 한계점, 추후 연구방향, 실천함의를 논의했다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2006

Metal contamination of medicinal herbs is of growing concern because of their potential adverse health effects. In this study, metal exposures were estimated and their potential health risks were preliminarily evaluated using available data including metal contamination levels and consumption estimates of herbal medicine in Korea. Consumption and contamination data of 34 medicinal herbs abundantly used in Oriental medicine in Korea were used in this study. Lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, and chrome were identified as contaminants of potential health concerns. Even based on a conservative exposure scenario, i.e., consuming 5 times more herbal medicine with 95th percentile contamination levels, health risks associated with herbal medicine consumption were estimated to be minuscule. Herbal consumption was 0.3% of the provisional tolerable daily intake levels recommended by Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) of WHO/FAO. However, it should be noted that there are several important assumptions and uncertainties associated with this evaluation: This study was conducted for only 34 types of medicinal herbs of which consumption and metal contamination data were available. In addition, there are no reliable herbal medicine consumption data among Korean population. The pattern and amount of herbal (medicine) consumption in Korea need to be investigated in order to conduct more refined risk assessment associated with metal contamination in medicinal herbs.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2005

The health risks from the magnetic fields exposure have been brought out difficulties in the construction of transformer substation. According to several epidemiologic studies and the relevant international organizations, magnetic fields should not exceed the exposure limits of 3mG for the people living near electric power lines. The rigid regulation of the exposure levels for the elementary school and residental areas has been established already in Switzerland and Italy. Since 1998, the environmental impact assessment system in Korea has been reviewed for power-frequency magnetic field by precautionary policies. In this study, the possible application of Prior Environmental Performance Review System for the transformer substation was reviewed from the points of the properties of the powerfrequency magnetic fields. The ranges and survey methods of the assessment for the transformer substation were proposed. The ranges of magnetic fields was between 300m to 500m for the 345kV transformer substation. It is necessary to develop further specific assessment methods for various high-voltage transformer substations.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2004

Recently, concerns about health risks exposed to electromagnetic fields have been brought in the safety of electric power lines. A number of governmental and international organizations have advised to avoid the magnetic field exposure to the schools and residential areas. Some epidemiologic studies showed that electromagnetic fields should not exceed the exposure limits of 2-3mG to the people living near high-voltage transmission lines. In this study, the principles, ranges and survey methods of the assessment for powerfrequency electromagnetic fields were reviewed from the relevant research papers and documents. The ranges of electromagnetic fields were determined from 50m to 100m and have been defined according to the properties of each electric power lines and a new methodology was suggested in this study. It would be necessary to develop and improve specific assessment methods for various high-voltage transmission lines projects.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.259-265
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• 2012

The intent of this article was to analyze the potential hazards and risks involved in persons exposed to prosthodontic practice. These risks include exposure to physical and chemical hazards, dental materials, infectious environment, inappropriate working pattern and psychosocial stress. The potential harm of these hazards and its prevention is highlighted. Prosthodontists, students, dental technicians, and others working in the prosthodontic clinics and laboratory should be aware of the specific risk factors and take measures to prevent and overcome these hazards.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.127-128
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• 2003

During the past decade a reduced risk pesticide registration program has been in operation in the United States (Racke, 1992). The general principle of the reduced risk pesticide registration program in the U.S. is to give registration priority and accelerated approval to products with the most favorable characteristics as compared to currently available alternatives (EPA, 1997). The overall objective is to accelerate the introduction of these types of products so that marketplace choices rather than increased regulatory restrictions can lead to replacement of older products and technologies with newer ones. Under the program, pesticides classified as “reduced risk” products must meet several or all of the following criteria as compared with currently available alternatives: $\textbullet$ Reduced risks to human health $\textbullet$ Reduced risks to non-target organisms (e.g., fish, birds) $\textbullet$ Reduced potential for contamination of environmental resources (water, air, soil) $\textbullet$ Broadened adoption of integrated pest management

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2021

Objectives: Laboratories have various latent physical, chemical, biological, and ergonomical factors according to the diversification and fusion of research and development activities. This study aims to investigate the chemical exposure concentrations of college laboratories and evaluate their health risks, and use them as basic data to promote the health of college students. Methods: The sampling and analysis of harmful chemicals in the air in laboratories were performed using Method 1500 of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)의 Method 1500. The harmful chemicals in the laboratories were divided into carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic chemicals. Risk assessment was performed using the cancer risk (CR) for carcinogenic chemicals and using the hazard index (HI) for non-carcinogenic chemicals. Results: The harmful chemicals in college laboratories consisted of acetone, diethyl ether, methylene chloride, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and xylenes. They showed the highest concentrations in laboratories A (acetone 0.001~2.34ppm), B (chloroform 0.95~6.35ppm), C (diethyl ether 0.08~8.68ppm), and D (acetone 0.07~14.96ppm). The risk assessment result for non-carcinogenic chemicals showed that the HI of methylene chloride was 2.052 for men and 2.333 for women, the HI of N-hexane was 4.442 for men and 5.05 for women. Thus, the HI values were higher than 1. The risk of carcinogenic chemicals is determined by an excess cancer risk (ECR) value of 1.0×10^-5, which means that one in 100,000 people has a cancer risk. The ECRs of chloroform exceeded 1.0×10^-5 for both men and women, indicating the possibility of cancer risk. Conclusion: College laboratories showed the possibility of non-carcinogenic health risks for methylene chloride, n-hexane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), toluene, and xylenes, and carcinogenic health risks for chloroform, methylene chloride. However, this study used the maximum values of measurements to determine the worst case, and assumed that the subjects were exposed to the corresponding concentrations continuously for 8 hours per day for 300 days per year. In consideration of the nature of laboratory environment in which people are intermittently exposed, rather than continuously, to the chemicals, the results of this study has an element of overestimation.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.217-218
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• 2015