• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.609-621
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• 1998

Although many people initially enroll in health education programs, there are many instances of erratic participation and dropouts. Inconsistent participation in intervention programs minimizes their impact on health promotion. Therefore, a theoretical understanding of factors influencing participation in these programs can potentially enhance the effectiveness of its educational strategy. This study used the Pender's Health Promotion Model to examine specific factors influencing incentives to participate in an elderly nutrition education program. The Elderly Nutrition Counseling and Education Program was conducted with 147 volunteers (76 males, 71 females), aged 60 to 87, at 5 separate community elderly centers, by public health dietitians from February to April 1997. Some participants dropped out during the program. Overall, 61 people(18 males, 43 females) finished all 7 steps over 2 months. Pre-intervention data were collected by trained dietitians. This data included individual cognitive-perceptual factors(perceived benefits of nutrition improvement, importance of health, perceived control over health by multidimensional health locus of control, self esteem, perceived health status, concern about health, depression scale and social health scale), which were known to influence the likelihood of health behavior, and modifying factors(socioeconomic variables, biological characteristics, behavioral factors, such as smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise). Male finalists had a significantly lower chance for health locus of control, and better social health status with their children and grandchildren, compared to males who dropped out. Female finalists had a significantly higher locus of control regarding food behavior, higher self-esteem, better recognized nutritional status, worse self-recognized health status and lower concern about health than those who dropped out. There was no significant difference between the attendees and dropouts in age, BMI$(kg/m^2)$, Nutritional Risk Index, depression scale and daily nutrient intake. These results suggest that elderly nutrition intervention plans should focus on the individual cognitive and perceptual factors, with interpersonal influences, to increase participation in nutrition in nutrition improvement programs.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2013

This study was conducted to prepare the fundamental data on establishing an improvement plan for oral health promotion program, and to assess the effects of prevention to dental caries by incremental oral health care program among students of elementary school. The number of total subjects were 239 students in the care group who were controled incremental oral health care program and 195 students in the control group who were not controled incremental oral health care program. The sealant index was significantly more higher in care group than control group, especially the higher the grade. The sealant rate was significantly higher in care group than control group for all of grade. The DT index was significantly lower in care group than control group for male and female, the caries incidence rate of permanent tooth by gender was lower in male than female. The FT rate was more higher in care group than control group. The dental caries could be prevented very effectively when having continuously treated the incremental oral health care program at school dental clinic among elementary-school students. The author consider that this study will be prepare the fundamental data and contribute to oral health promotion according to a change in oral health behavior among elementary-school students. Therefore, the author recommend to expand applying the incremental oral health care program among students of elementary school.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.611-620
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a school-based obesity control program based on behavior modification and self-efficacy for obese elementary school children. The program was composed of strategies to modify diet and exercise habits and to increase self-efficacy. Method: The subjects were 57 obese children (experimental group = 28, control group = 29) whose Rohler index was 150 and over. The program was implemented once a week for 12 weeks from September 16 to December 12, 2003. The data was analyzed by Fisher's exact probability, $x^2$-test, t-test, and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. Result: The Rohler index, fat mass and lean body mass of the experimental group positively changed after the intervention more than those of the control group, but there was a significant difference in the Rohler index only (t=2.06, p=.045). In addition, obesity stress significantly decreased (z=-2.86, p=.047) and dietary self-efficacy significantly increased (t=2.35, p=.023) in the experimental group than those of the control group. Conclusion: This study supports that a school-based obesity control program based on behavior modification and self-efficacy can be effective in decreasing obesity stress and increasing dietary self-efficacy. Parents, school nurses and the other support groups should be encouraged to participate from the planning stage of the program to be effective in weight control of obese elementary school children. Also school-based program should be implemented as an essential course in the curriculum, not as an elective.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2001

Management of nutrient intakes through behavior-mordification can be important for improving exercise performance in athletes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of nutritional counseling for improving exercise performance capability in athletes. The subjects were seven golfers and fourteen ju-do athletes from Hoseo university, and they have nor received professional hel[ from dieticians. Prior to nutritional counseling, their dietary intakes, lifestyles and dietary habits were evaluated. Nutritional counseling sessions were conducted by a trained dietician every 2-3 weeks for 3-4 month. After 5 counseling sessions, nutrient intakes, lifestyle and dietary habits were re-evaluated. Exercise performance capability was measured by maximal exercise stress test using treadmills. Individual data were assessed as quality index represents the better nutritional status. The common dietary and lifestyle problems were overeating binging, overeating, snacking and drinking alcohol prior to the nutritional counseling. After counseling sessions, the quality index of dietary habits seemed to decrease, especially in ju-do athletes, representing nutritional problems were resolved. Body fat and body mass index decreased in ju-do athletes, but not in golfers. Both athletes have shown to increase oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold and maximal oxygen uptake status, which represents that the athletic performance capacity was improved after counseling sessions. Their respiratory quotients were decreased. In conclusion, nutritional counseling sessions over five times are an effective and efficient approach to change dietary habits to improve exercise performance capacity. Furthermore, clients can have good dietary habits and learn how to manago muscle strength by behavior modification through multiple nutritional counseling sessions. (Korean J Nutrition 34(1):79-88, 2001)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.172-185
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the information concerning dietary patterns and analysis of the various factors that influence obesity. The subjects of this study were 1,020 middle and high school students in Seoul. Subjects were classified into under weight, normal weight and over weight group by body mass index. We investigated eating habits, life habits, food behavior and food consumption. Data were collected by questionnair and analysed with the SAS program. The results of this study way are summarized and concluded as fellows; In the case of dietary pattern, over weight group showed significantly higher in skipping a meal than the other group. Also over weight group tend to eat fast. There were significant differences of food intake frequency score by body mass index. From the results of factor analysis of variable related to obesity, 4 factors were generated and the factors were named 'Food behavior related to obesity', 'Snack consumption pattern', 'Life habit', 'Family environment related to food habit'. These factors were associated with obesity. To maintain nutritional balance and health, we should implement to ensure good dietary patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.239-248
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• 2024

In this study, we examined changes in the food consumption patterns of Korean adults due to COVID-19 using the results of the 2019 and 2021 adult household member food consumption behavior surveys. In the weight and BMI analysis results, both men and women showed a significant increase in 2021 compared to 2019 (male; p<0.01 female; p<0.001). The frequency of breakfast skipping was found to increase with none and over 5 times. As for interest in domestic agricultural products, the proportion of 'not interested' and 'average' responses decreased, while the proportion of those who responded 'interested' increased (p<0.01). The rate of eating out was found to have significantly decreased in 2021 compared to 2019. As a result of the eating lifestyle analysis, the taste seeking type, quality safety seeking type, and health seeking type also showed an increase in 2021 compared to 2019, and a significant level was confirmed. In the purchasing competency index, the use of labeling for agricultural products, use of agricultural food information, and agricultural food purchasing environment items all showed significantly improved results in 2021 compared to 2019, and the eating competency index showed a significant increase in healthy eating and traditional eating habits. Through this study, we aim to suggest directions for establishing food marketing strategies and dietary education for adults in the event of a future pandemic.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.233-240
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• 2016

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health status and behavior in Korean diabetic adults. Methods: The study subjects were 11,840 adults who participated in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2010-2012). Diabetic status was defined by doctors and fasting blood sugar(FBS) level. Oral health status was assessed by decayed-missing-filled teeth(DMFT), community periodontal index(CPI), periodontal disease, denture needs, limitation of oral function, and chewing difficulty. The oral health behavior was evaluated by oral examination within a year, brushing times a day, and use of auxiliary oral product. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus diagnosed by doctor and FBS was 8.3% and 10.2%, respectively. The prevalence rate of periodontitis was 25.4%. The proportions of $DMFT{\geq}20$, $CPI{\geq}3$, periodontal disease, denture needs, oral function limitation and chewing difficulty in the confirmed diabetic group by doctor were significantly higher than those of the non-diabetic group(p<0.05). In multiple logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio(aOR) for periodontal disease(aOR=1.73, 95% CI=1.41-2.12), presence of denture needs(aOR=1.40, 95% CI=1.06-1.84), limited oral function(aOR=1.43, 95% CI=1.15-1.78) and chewing difficulty(aOR=1.41 95% CI=1.13-1.77) in diabetic subjects were significantly higher than those of the non-diabetic subjects. There were similar associations between diabetes defined with FBS and oral health. In oral health behavior, diabetic subjects had significantly lower odds ratios for oral examination(aOR=0.76, 95% CI=0.60-0.98), brushing time ${\geq}2$ times(aOR=0.73, 95% CI=0.57-0.93), and auxiliary oral products(aOR=0.74, 95% CI=0.59-0.94). Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between oral health status and behavior in Korean diabetic adults. Further study is needed to evaluate the underlying mechanisms between diabetes mellitus and oral health status.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.85-102
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the utilization of Internet health information sites by undergraduates at colleges related to public health. A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out by 2,400 student from university and colleges in Taegu and Kyongsangbuk-do area from March 11, 2002 to March 31, 2002. 58.8% of the subjects responded that once connected rate of health information sites on the internet for year. In the connection rate of health information sites on the internet, the low class($\leq$300%), the middle class(40-70%), and the high class(80%$\leq$) accounted for 89.8%, 9.0%, and 1.2%, respectively. A ranking of internet health information sites, diseases are ranked frist and exercise is ranked second and obesity is ranked third. The motives Students submit reports 36.1% and obtained knowledge 22.8%. Sufficiency of health information sites on the internet, sufficient 19.6%, common 56.3%, and insufficient 24.1%, Satisfaction of health information, satisfied 18.4%, common 63.1%, and dissatisfied 18.4%. With regards to the health behavior of the subjects that contacted Internet health information sites, the nonsmoking rate was 86.2%, the nondrinking rate was 28.9%, the rate of exercise practice was 22.6%, the rate of normal sleep was 66.3%, the rate of eating breakfast was 37.1%, the rate of not eating between meals was 4.8%, and the standard BMI was 14.3%. With regards to the health behavior of the subjects that had not contacted Internet health information sites, the nonsmoking rate was 84.9%, the nondrinking rate was 26.0%, the rate of exercise practice was 18.5%, the rate of normal sleep was 72.1%, the rate of eating breakfast was 34.3%, the rate of not eating between meals was 5.0%, and the standard BMI was 17.0%. In the frequency of health behavior, the subjects with the Breslow Index of 0-3, 4-5 and 6-7 accounted for 80.9%, 18.8%, and 0.2%, respectively. The average score of health behavior was 2.80 out of 7. In conclusion, Internet health information sites are required for students to understand proper, reliable, interesting information and there is a need to develop simple criteria that the general public can understand and utilize.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.321-330
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• 1993

Effects of a short-period nutrition education program on the dietary behavior and the dietary intake were investigated in sixty nine healthy female college students. Questionnaires for general health information, character type, dietary behavior and dietary intake were answered by the subjects. All the subjects were participated in the nutrition education program which was carried out twice during the study. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their adiposity indices (AI), which are low AI (33 subjects), normal AI (31), and high AI (5). In the normal and the high AI group, the nutrition education program appeared to influence the dietary behaviors of the subjects significantly. However the program did not significantly influence the dietary intake of three groups, except PUFA ratio. It appears that a longer-period nutrition education program is required for influencing both the dietary behavior and the dietary intake of the subjects.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.41-50
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to apply an effective oral health promotion program and effect for underprivileged lower grade students. This study attempted to resolve some oral health inequality issues by providing underprivileged children with an oral health action program designed to promote positive oral health maintenance habits. Methods: This study was carried from May to August of 2009 with 77(control group 27 subjects, experimental group 36 subjects) elementary school students selected among first to third graders attending regional welfare center's after school program in Seoul. To the control group, conventional education methods were applied. To the experimental group, newly designed program was conducted by three project experts(1 expert, 1 dentist, 1 dental hygienist). It consisted of 5 sessions and progressed with various activities. It was focused on achieving target knowledge and changing oral health behavior. In order to evaluate the designed educational program, learners' achievement was evaluated with implementing the questionnaire and one-on-one interviews. And also the oral health improvement was evaluated based on change of Patient Hygiene Performance(PHP) index. Results: Based on the results of learners' achievement, the experimental group showed the significant increment of the oral health knowledge by the relapsed time, and it maintained after finished the program(p<0.001). The patient hygiene performance index showed not significant changed(p>0.05), but 1 month later the control group showed an increment of the PHP score, but the experimental group showed a decrement of it. Conclusions: Oral health promotion program by project approach could give a long-lasting educational effect to the children and encouraged proper oral hygiene behavioral changes.