• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe general practitioners (GPs)' opinions and practices of preventive care and patients' opinions, attitudes, and behaviors towards prevention. Methods: The data stemmed from a cross-sectional national survey on prevention conducted in Switzerland from 2015 to 2016. In total, 170 randomly drawn GPs and 1154 of their patients participated. The GPs answered an online questionnaire and the patients answered a questionnaire administrated by fieldworkers present at their practices. Results: Both patients and GPs agreed that delivering preventive care is the dedicated role of a GP. It appeared that beyond classical topics of prevention such as cardiovascular risk factors, other prevention areas (e.g., cannabis consumption, immunization, occupational risks) were scarcely covered by GPs and reported as little-known by patients. In addition, GPs seemed to use a selective approach to prevention, responding to the clinical context, rather than a systematic approach to health promotion. The results also highlight possibilities to improve prevention in family medicine through options such as more supportive tools and public advertising, more time and more delegated tasks and, finally, a more recognized role. Conclusions: Despite an unfavorable context of prevention within the healthcare system, preventive care in family medicine is reasonably good in Switzerland. However, some limitations appear regarding the topics and the circumstances of preventive care delivery. A global effort is needed to implement necessary changes, and the responsibility should be broadened to other stakeholders.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.202-215
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• 2023

Purpose: This study attempted to determine the factors related to behaviors of reducing exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (BRE to EDCs) in pregnancy, based on the PRECEDE model. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with participants (N=239) who met the medical records and eligibility criteria from the Women's Hospital and Public Health Center. Data were collected using a specially-designed questionnaire based on the PRECEDE model and included BRE to EDCs predisposing factors, reinforcing factors, and enabling factors. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and a hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results: In Model I it was found that participation in prenatal education influenced the BRE to EDCs significantly; and a regression showed that the determinant variables accounted for 3.4%. In Model II, the predisposing factors of perceived barriers of BRE to EDCs and environmental self-efficacy were added. It was shown that they significantly influenced BRE to EDCs in the order named, and a regression revealed that increases in the determinant variables accounted for 22.5%. In Model III, to which enabling factors were added, the information acquisition experience of BRE to EDCs interacted significantly with BRE to EDCs and a regression showed an increase in the determinant variables accounting for 25.3%. Conclusion: The results of this study, the content of endocrine disruptors must be included in the prenatal care education program for pregnant women, and it should be composed of contents that can reduce the perceived obstacle to BRE to EDCs, enhance the environmental self-efficacy, and provide the information in regard to reducing exposure to EDCs.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.46-57
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• 2022

Background Adherence to healthy diet acts as a key role to modify sedentary lifestyle in real life setting. Constitution type of traditional Korean medicine has been prediagnosed to risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases. This study aims to evaluate the associations between body composition and healthy eating status in Korean adults by their constitution type. Methods Of 4046 participants from Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort study, Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort (KDCC) study were included for analysis. Demographic, health-related behaviors and Korean Medicine (KM) type were surveyed based on a general health-related questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements and dietary factors by using Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) were assessed only in the half of the original participants. Results 50.8% of Taeeum was observed from eligible 1967 participants (66.7%, women). The highest KHEI score was observed in soyang group (52.0±0.3, p=0.006) compared to other two groups. In taeeum group, lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM)(%)(Taeeum: 38.7±0.1 vs. Soeum/Soyang: 39.2±0.1, p < 0.05), and higher percent of body fat (PBF)(%) (Taeeum: 32.9±0.2 vs. Soeum/Soyang: 29.0±0.2, p < 0.05) by the lowest tertile (T1) of the KHEI score, respectively. When the KHEI score increased by 1 point in taeeum group, a positive relationship was observed, which increased by 0.015% of ASM, however, a negatively related to in which body fat mass (BFM) decreased by 0.022 kg and PBF decreased by 0.024%. Conclusion Customized nutritional management is required that could help maintaining physical health and diet by their constitution type.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.612-619
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• 2015

본 연구는 구강건강상태가 전신질환에 미치는 영향을 알아보려는 목적 아래 KNHANES 제6기 1차년도(2013년) 자료를 활용하여 19세 이상 성인을 대상으로 구강건강상태와 류마티스 관절염의 관련성을 파악하였고, 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 류마티스 관절염과 치주상태 관련성을 교차 분석으로 확인한 결과 통계적으로 유의한 관련성이 나타나지 않았으며, 류마티스 관절염과 치아상실은 통계적으로 유의한 관련성을 보였다(p=0.001). 류마티스 관절염에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 치주상태는 류마티스 관절염에 미치는 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났고, 치아상실의 개수가 19~28개인 사람은 0~8개인 사람보다 류마티스 관절염의 위험이 약 3배, 9~18개인 사람은 0~8개인 사람보다 류마티스 관절염의 위험이 약 2배 높은 것으로 나타나 치아상실 개수가 많을수록 류마티스 관절염의 위험성이 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 치주상태와 치아상실을 동시에 로지스틱 회귀모델에 적용하여 분석한 결과 같은 결과를 나타냈으며, 통제변수를 보정한 로지스틱 회귀분석결과는 통계적 유의성이 나타나지 않았다. 골밀도 검사를 비롯한 임상검사와 약 복용 등의 염증상태에 대한 진행 정도를 파악하고 보다 체계적인 분석이 이루어져야 할 것이며, 구강건강상태와 류마티스 관절염의 관련성에 관한 양방향성 연구가 활발히 진행되어 두 질환 사이의 명확한 매커니즘이 규명되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2013

High intakes of sodium may increase the risk of hypertension or cardiovascular diseases. According to the 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey, the average intake of sodium was 4,878 mg/day with salt, kimchi, soy sauce, fermented soybean paste and Ramyeon being the five main sources of sodium. In order to identify solutions to reduce the intake of sodium, we investigated the intake patterns and eating behaviors of Ramyeon among 347 college students (male 146, female 201) using survey questionnaires. The average age of study subjects was 23.7 years for males and 20.5 years for females. The average Body Mass Index ($kg/m^2$) was 21.9 for males and 20.1 for females. The average frequency of Ramyeon intake was 2.0 times/week. The main reason for eating Ramyeon was convenience (56%), followed by good taste (27%), low price (11%) and other reasons (9%). The criteria for choosing Ramyeon were taste (72%), convenience (14%), price (7%), nutrition (1%), and the other factors (2%). Males' average intake of Ramyeon soup (61%) was higher than that of the females (36%). The estimated intake of Ramyeon soup by survey showed a positive correlation with the measured intake of Ramyeon soup. Sodium contents of Ramyeon were measured separately for the noodles and the soup, which were 1,185 mg/serving and 1,148 mg/serving each. Therefore, the amount of sodium intake can be reduced if students eat less Ramyeon soup. Also, we observed that dietary behaviors and soup intakes of Ramyeon between the sexes were different. Appropriate nutritional education for proper eating habits may help decrease the intake of sodium.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2010

영구치 우식발생에 작용하는 다양한 요인들의 예측기간에 따른 예측인자로서의 타당성과 안정성을 평가하기 위하여, 부산광역시 D 초등학교 1학년 남녀 학생 249명을 대상으로 연구 1차년도에는 3년간 추적 조사할 우식발생 관련 요인의 확인을 위하여 대상자의 유구치 우식상태, 구강건강관리행위, 인구통계학적 변수, 타액과 구내미생물의 특성에 대하여 조사하였고, 연구 2-4차년도에는 각각 대상자의 1-3년간 영구치 우식발생 여부를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 1년간 영구치 우식발생은 Dentocult LB 판정결과가 2도 이상인 학생이 1도 이하인 학생에 비하여 2.3배 높았다. 2. 2년간 영구치 우식발생은 우식경험유구치면수가 0개인 학생에 비하여 1-10개인 학생이 5.2배, 11개 이상인 학생이 6.3배 높았다. 3. 2년간 영구치 우식발생은 Dentocult LB 판정결과가 2도 이상인 학생이 1도 이하인 학생에 비하여 2.3배 높았다(p=0.036). 4. 3년간 영구치 우식발생은 우식경험유구치면수가 0개인 학생에 비하여 1-10개인 학생이 3.9배, 11개 이상인 학생이 8.5배 높았다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.681-690
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether nutrition counseling could lead to a beneficial outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease(CVD). Fifty CVD patients(23 men and 27 women) participated in a dietary counseling program which was based on serum lipid management. Various markers of disease risk including lifestyles, anthropometric indices, eating behaviors, serum lipids, antioxidants, lipid peroxides were measured before and after the program. The program lasted 3-11 months depending on individuals. Waist/hip ratio decreased after nutrition counseling only in women. Smoking and alcohol drinking status did not change significantly after counseling. Food habit score increased significantly in both men and women(p<0.05), and patients consumed mixed cereal rice, fruits, seaweeds, legumes more frequently and snacks less frequently after nutrition counseling (p<0.05). Although intakes of energy, carbohydrate and vitamin B1 were reduced significantly after nutrition counseling, nutrient densities of calcium and iron of diets have increased significantly after nutrition counseling, and those of other micronutrients were not different Serum total cholesterol decreased significantly in men and LDL cholesterol decreased significantly in women. In women lipid peroxide level decreased and $\alpha$-tocopherol level increased significantly, while there was no significantly change in men. We conclude that well-planned nutrition counseling would reduce risks of cardiovascular disease through improving dietary behavior, lipid profile and antioxidant status.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2001

This study was performed to show change of fat-free mass(FFM), representing mostly the muscle mass change, and muscle strength with increasing age, and relationship between dietary, exercise behaviors and FFM in healthy middle-and old aged women who are of age over 55 years. The FFM and correspondingly hand grip strength showed significant positive correlation with age. But concentration of serum albumin showed no significant relationship with age. The subjects were categorized into groups according to FFM tertile. The anthropometry such as weight, BMI, fat mass, circumferences of waist and hip, WHR, and hand grip strength decreased significantly in the lowest FFM group. But the albumin level showed no change according to FFM level. The FFM showed significant correlation with nutrient intakes such as energy, carbohydrate, protein, Fe, P, Ca. No association, however, was shown with exercise behavior probably because of no case with resistance exercise habits. The variance of FFM was explained 55.2% by height and carbohydrate intake. The variance of height-adjusted FFM could be explained only 16.2% by intake amount of carbohydrate. In conclusion, the decrease of FFM may cause to reduce muscle strength in female elderly. The increasing nutrient intakes were associated with the increased FFM and may protect from risk of sarcopenia. However, only the carbohydrate intake could influence independently the FFM in middle- and old-aged women. The FFM has no association with endurance exercise habits. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 449∼457, 2001)

• 수면정신생리
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.53-56
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• 2015

Good sleepers tend to more resilient than poor sleepers. As sleep and resilience may have a bidirectional relationship, it is important to explore the relationship between healthy sleep and resilience. Objectively and subjectively measured sleep quality showed positive association with resiliency. In one study, more resilient adolescents had higher sleep efficiency, less light sleep, more slow-wave sleep, and a smaller number of awakenings after sleep onset. Circadian typology, jetlag and circadian misalignment may be associated with the capacity to deal with adversity. Eveningness, exposure to chronic jetlag and circadian misalignment might be risk factors for development of psychological problems and mental disorders. Additional studies are needed to evaluate whether promoting healthy sleep behaviors results in increased resilience.

• 의료법학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.215-234
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• 2007

The mission of the doctors is to take care of human life, body and health through the medical behaviors such as diagnosis and treatment. Under this job propensity, the doctors have care duty to take the best actions required to prevent the risk according to the patients' specific disease status. Such care duty of the doctor may be evaluated based on the medical behavior level at the medical institution and clinical medical study field. Such medical level should be understood in the normative level, considering the treatment environment, condition and specialty of the behavior, because it means the medical common sense known and acknowledged to the normal doctors. While the criminal suit requires the evidence for no doubt conviction, the civil suit requires more eased different standard. The results between the criminal and civil sentence may be different, because the confirmed former case may lead to long-term imprisonment and even death penalty, while the latter case puts only monetary penalty on the defeated party.