• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.28
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• pp.17.1-17.3
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• 2013

The fact that hazardous metals do not bio-degrade or bio-deteriorate translates to long-lasting environmental effects. In the context of evidently rapid global industrialization, this ought to warrant serious caution, particularly in developing countries. In the Republic of Fiji, a developing country in the South Pacific, several different environmental studies over the past 20 years have shown levels of lead, copper, zinc and iron in sediments of the Suva Harbor to be 6.2, 3.9, 3.3 and 2.1 times more than the accepted background reference levels, respectively. High levels of mercury have also been reported in lagoon shellfish. These data inevitably warrant thorough assessment of the waste practices of industries located upstream from the estuaries, but in addition, an exposure and health impact assessment has never been conducted. Relevant government departments are duty-bound, at least to the general public that reside in and consume seafood from the vicinities of the Suva Harbor, to investigate possible human effects of the elevated hazardous metal concentrations found consistently in 20 years of surface sediment analysis. Furthermore, pollution of the intermediate food web with hazardous metals should be investigated, regardless of whether human effects are eventually confirmed present or not.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.58-62
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• 1994

Until 1960 water pollution was caused by virus but now in according to industrial develop cent it has been continued environmental pollution by surfactant heavy metal, and hazardous chemical substance erst.. It is possible to Prevent contamination by virus owing to development of antibiotic but not to dissolve basely health effect by hazardous chemical substances because it takes very long time, about 5-40 years, average 20 years, in appearing a disease after exposure by then To maintain human life for 75 years, it need 55 ton of water. In the experiment of Public Health Institute, Tokyo, they reported that over 200 chemical substances can be detected in case of human being to drink tap water of Tokyo(1989) continuously. In our country, elevation of life style and development of industry result in increase of water use and overappreciation of pesticides in farm land a(sects drinking water quality. We estimated analytical item of drinking water hygienically by dividing into 5 groups such as physical effect item health hazardous inorganic item and health hazardous organic item ect. based on hygienic purpose.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.143-149
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• 2012

To prepare measures for practical policy utilization and the control of heavy metals, hazard control related institutions by country, present states of control by country, and present states of control by heavy metals were examined. Hazard control cases by heavy metals in various countries were compared and analyzed. In certain countries (e.g., the U.S., the U.K., and Japan), hazardous substances found in foods (e.g., arsenic, lead, cadmium, and mercury) are controlled. In addition, the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) recommends calculating the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of individual heavy metals instead of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) to compare their pollution levels considering their toxicity accumulated in the human body. In Korea, exposure assessments have been conducted, and in other countries, hazardous substances are controlled by various governing bodies. As such, in Korea and other countries, diverse food heavy metal monitoring and human body exposure assessments are conducted, and reducing measures are prepared accordingly. To reduce the danger of hazardous substances, many countries provide leaflets and guidelines, develop hazardous heavy metal intake recommendations, and take necessary actions. Hazard control case analyses can assist in securing consumer safety by establishing systematic and reliable hazard control methods.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.494-500
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• 1996

To investigate the relationship between the atmospheric pollution level and the pollution level of soil adjacent to the roadside in Suwon suspended particles and soil samples were collected in August to October 1993, and analyzed by AAS and ICP. The Ca, K, Mg concentration in atmosphere were observed as high level and assumed that it was effected by the acid-rain originated from the erosion of concreate vicinity to the roadside, and the Pb, Zn concentration were higher at outer area than that of central area. Hazardous heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Zn) concentrations in soil were observed as high level at all sampling sites. The relationship between the heavy metal concentrations in the atmosphere and those in the soil were analyzed, by using the correlation coefficient value(r) and the result was appeared similarly. And this study indicated that the atmospheric pollution affect the level of the soil pollution adjacent to the road side.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.454-465
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• 1998

This study was to investigate the recognition level of food contamination with residual pesticides and hazardous heavy metals from 365 male and female adults in Taejon area using questionnaires. Among the recognizing level of residual pesticides in overall foods, 69.1% were 'serious', 25.6% were 'average' and 5.3% were 'not serious'. Over 94.7% of the subjects recognized residual pesticides pollution infoods. for hazardous heavy metals in food, 47.8% responsed as 'serious', 40.5% as 'average' and 11.8 as ' not serious' . Over 88.3% of the subjects recognized contaminated pesticides seriously in fruits, 72.1% in vegetables and 51.7% in cereals, whereas 55.7% of the subjects recognized hazardous heavy metal contamination seriously in fruits, 53.4% in vegetables, 40.8% in fishes and shellfishes and 35.0% in seaweeds. The subjects recognized residual pesticides contamination more seriously in overall foods, cereal, potatoes and starches, bean, vegetables and fruits, whereas hazardous heavy metal contamination was recognized more seriously in fishes and shellfishes, and seaweeds food groups. Comparisons were shown based on individuial's occupation. Farmer, forester, iner and fisher showed the lowest recognizing level of food contamination in most food groups. The mean score of the dietary effect by mass media's information on food contamination from residual pesticides and hazardous heavy metals were 3.51±0.96 out of 5 points. By Duncan's multiple range test, sex, age, marriage, food cost per month, concerns about health and nutrition knowledge showed significant differences in the mean effect score at p<0.05. According to a pesticides contamination in several food groups were affected by food cost per month, mass media's information on food contamination, health status, and concerns about health, But a recognition level of hazardous heavy metals in food were affected by income and, food cost per month mass media's information on food contamination, health status, concern about health and nutrition knowledge. People who need to take extreme precautions of food contamination were in order of producers, government officials, homemakers, the consumer's association and consumers.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.83-86
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• 1998

1. Introduction : Low molecular harmful organics such as 1-naphthol and phenol are widely used in industries, and pose serious environmental problems. Wastewater containing low molecular harmful organics may be ejected from various sources including metal-plating industries, circuit-board manufacturing process, photographic and photo-processing industries, refineries and metal-tailing leachate. The pollution of nation harbors, waterways and ground water resources with these organics has reached critical portions, and might also give hazardous influence on human health. Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration(MEUF) is a recently developed process to remove dissolved organics and/or heavy metals present in small or trace quantities from aqueous solution. In this system, the fatal defect is leakage of surfactants especially at low concentration below CMC(critical micelle concentration), which becomes a secondary pollution. Our group proposed to use biosurfactant and polymeric micelle to solve problems mentioned above. In this study we investigated a modified MEUF using PEO-PPO-PEO (polyethyleneoxide-polypropyleneoxide-polyethyleneoxide) block copolymers for the removal of organic solutes such as 1-naphthol and phenol from aqueous wastewater. We proposed PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers as new surfactants for forming micelles in MEUF, and investigated the solubilization characteristics and efficiency for the removal of 1-naphthol and phenol. PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers are, environmentally mild and safe as biosurfactants.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2022

Fast-paced industrial and agricultural development generates large quantities of hazardous heavy metals (HMs), which are extremely damaging to individuals and the environment. Research in both academia and industry has been spurred by the need for HMs to be removed from water bodies. Advanced materials are being developed to replace existing water purification technologies or to introduce cutting-edge solutions that solve challenges such as cost efficacy, easy production, diverse metal removal, and regenerability. Water treatment industries are increasingly interested in activated carbon because of its high adsorption capacity for HMs adsorption. Furthermore, because of its huge surface area, abundant functional groups on surface, and optimal pore diameter, the modified activated carbon has the potential to be used as an efficient adsorbent. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a novel organic-inorganic hybrid porous materials, sparked an interest in the elimination of HMs via adsorption. This is due to the their highly porous nature, large surface area, abundance of exposed adsorptive sites, and post-synthetic modification (PSM) ability. This review introduces PSM methods for MOFs, chemical modification of activated carbons (ACs), and current advancements in the elimination of Pb²⁺, Hg²⁺, and Cd²⁺ ions from water using modified MOFs and ACs via adsorption.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3393-3402
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• 2013

The increasing scourge of cancer epidemiology is a global concern. With WHO emphasizing that 40% of all cancer cases are preventable, exposure to known and suspected carcinogens must be discouraged. The battle with communicable diseases and other third world challenges has greatly de-emphasized anti-cancer campaigns in sub-Saharan Africa. The abundant deposit of mineral resources in sub-Saharan Africa has attracted high mining activity with its negative environmental aftermath. Poor regulatory mechanisms have led to environmental contamination by products of mining including heavy metals. In addition to poor urban planning, the springing up of settlements in industrial areas has led to generation and exposure to more hazardous wastes consequent on poor disposal systems. Studies establishing close association between exposure to heavy metals and cancer epidemiology in sub-Saharan Africa are increasing. The current review assesses the level of environmental pollution by heavy metals in sub-Saharan Africa, and brings to the fore available evidence implicating such in the increasing cancer epidemiology in the sub-continent.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.387-394
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the contents and leaching characteristics of hazardous wastes from the paint industry. In order to establish a hazardous waste list, samples from industrial discharge have been analyzed for 8 non-regulated inorganic hazardous substances (i.e., Sb, Ni, F, V, Ba, Zn, Be, Se). In more detail, hazardous waste samples from a total of 64 workplaces, e.g. manufacture, formulation, supply and use (MFSU) of coatings, adhesives, sealants and printing inks processing, have been chosen and analyzed. Contents and leaching tests for inorganic metal species in samples show that the non-regulated hazardous substances satisfy all the criteria, while quantitative analyses reveal that some samples of the discharged wastes exceeded the criteria proposed by NIER (National Instituted of Environmental Research). In conclusion, we expect the outcome of this study to align the classification system of hazardous waste management in South Korea with international legislations, and consequently contribute to reduce environmental pollution as well as health risks by toxic wastes.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.556-565
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• 2023

Fast industrial and agricultural expansion result in the production of heavy metal ions (HMIs). These are exceedingly hazardous to both humans and the environment, and the necessity to eliminate them from aqueous systems prompts the development of novel materials. In the present study, a UIO-66 (COOH)₂ metal-organic framework (MOF) containing free carboxylic acid groups was post-synthetically modified with L-glutamic acid via the solid-solid reaction route. Pristine and glutamic acid-treated MOF materials were characterized in detail using several physicochemical techniques. Single-ion batch adsorption studies of Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions were carried out using pristine as well as amino acid-modified MOFs. We further examined parameters that influence removal efficiency, such as the initial concentration and contact time. The bare MOF had a higher ion adsorption capacity for Pb(II) (261.87 mg/g) than for Hg(II) ions (10.54 mg/g) at an initial concentration of 150 ppm. In contrast, an increased Hg(II) ion adsorption capacity was observed for the glutamic acid-modified MOF (80.6 mg/g) as compared to the bare MOF. The Hg(II) ion adsorption capacity increased by almost 87% after modification with glutamic acid. Fitting results of isotherm and kinetic data models indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) on both pristine and glutamic acid-modified MOFs was due to surface complexation of Pb(II) ions with available -COOH groups (pyromellitic acid). Adsorption of Hg(II) on the glutamic acid-modified MOF was attributed to chelation, in which glutamic acid grafted onto the surface of the MOF formed chelates with Hg(II) ions.