• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hazardous Substances

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Technical trend of Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive(RoHS) (유해물질 사용제한지침(RoHS)의 6개원소 특성 및 분석에 대한 기술동향)

  • Soh, Jin-Joong;Shim, Dae-Sub;Kim, Kyu-Sub;Byun, Woo-Bong
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2009.07a
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    • pp.1289_1290
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    • 2009
  • 유해물질 제한지침(Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive)은 유럽연합(EU)에서 시행되며 해로운 물질을 사용한 전자제품이나, 전기기기를 제한하는 지침이다. 일반적으로 RoHS(알오에이치에스)라고 적는다. 2003년 2월에 WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment)에 의해 제정 공포되고 2006년 7월 1일 발효되어 카드뮴, 납, 수은, 6가 크롬, 브롬계 난연제(PBBs, PBDEs)의 사용이 금지되었다. 중국에서도 이와 비슷한 제도 RoHS(일명 China RoHS)를 시행을 하고 있어 유럽에서 정한 6가지 품목과 규제 대상이 아니지만, 과학기기나 의학장비도 중국의 RoHS에는 규제 대상에 포함되어 있다.

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Scientific Management Policy for Hazardous Substances (유해물질 관리정책의 과학화)

  • Jung, Ki-Hwa
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.171-181
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    • 2011
  • Though food safety efforts of the government has been increasing, but the health hazards resulting from food does not stop and thus increases consumers' anxiety and distrust of government. For more reliable safety management, developing analysis and intake measurement methods and strengthening regulatory control with strict criteria is necessary. In addition, as not only the known hazards by now, but also unknown but obvious hazards are simultaneously ongoing in current environments, the unified risk management and health assessment for food, health food and medicines from the media is critical. As risks and damage to health may show up after a long time after exposure, preventive measures and strategies for safety control is also needed.

A study on the Reliability Assurance of the Electronic Equipment made with Lead-Free Solder - in the restriction of the use of hazardous substances - (유해물질 사용제한에 따라 무연솔더링 공정으로 생산된 전자제품의 신뢰성확보 방안)

  • Song Byeong-Suk;Cho Jai-Rip
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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    • 2004.04a
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    • pp.298-301
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    • 2004
  • European Union Member States shall ensure that, from 1 July 2006, new electrical and electronic equipment put on the market does not contain mercury, cadmium, lead, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls(PBB) or polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDE) (by Directive 2002/95/EC of The European Parliament and the Council of 27 january, 2003 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment ). So, It is important to develop lead free solder and to assure the reliability of appliance. But lead free solder(i.e. Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu) have some problems such as lift off, whisker, migration and crack, etc. In this paper we discuss the reliability assurance method in lead free solder and appliance.

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A Study on Development of Flux to Restrict Occurrence of ion Migration in Lead-Free Solder (무연솔더 내 마이그레이션 플럭스개발에 관한 연구)

  • Ryu Dong Su;Lim Jae Hoon;Woo Seong Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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    • 2005.06a
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    • pp.385-392
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    • 2005
  • The restriction of the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment legislation mandates the substitution of lead and other hazardous substances in electronics products by July 2006. Due to this legislative pressure, the electronics industry is moving to adoption of lead free solders. In this paper, we investigated a flux to restrict generating electrochemical migration in lead-free solder. The lead-free solders used in this study were Sn-0.7Cu-0.01P and Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu. To measure the resistance of electrochemical migration, the dew-cycle test and water drop test were adopted. As the result, now flux having high durable of electrochemical migration was developed.

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A Study of the Presence of Carbonic Acid and Other Potentially Hazardous Substances in Cheongsong Mineral Water (청송약수의 탄산과 유해 가능성 물질 존재에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Sung-Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.132-136
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to measure the levels of eluted and dissolved CO2, and CO, volatile organic substances and radiation composition of Cheongsong mineral water which were collected from November 2019 to July 2020 during the autumn, spring, and summer seasons at collection points located in the upper, middle and lower spring waters. Data of the upper, middle and lower spring waters include the following: the amount of eluted water (average value±standard deviation, mL/min) was 30.07±0.52, 15.03±0.16, 23.73±0.42, and the amount of CO2 gas was 1,000 ppm or more. In addition, there was no detection of CO or total volatile organic substances (TVOC) and the radiation dose was 0.08 to 0.13. μSv/h. A blank test value of 0.08 to 0.10 μSv/h, when compared with the median value, showed a high value of 0.02 μSv/h, and the uranium test results provided by the Cheongsong-gun Office were 0.0118 mg/L (date 2019.06.18) and 0.0091 mg/L (date 2020.06.04.) respectively, which was less than the permission limit of 0.03 mg/L. However, it is believed that further research using more precise devices is needed in order to guarantee the safety and health of the water.

A Comparative Study on Risk Management Systems for Hazardous and Noxious Substances at Sea, in Korea and USA. (해상 위험.유해물질 위험관리제도의 비교연구 - 한국과 미국 중심으로 -)

  • 최종해
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.15-52
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    • 2002
  • According to International Maritime Organization. more than 50% of cargoes transported by sea today can be regarded as dangerous or hazardous ones, mainly consisting of chemical cargoes in bulk, likely solid or liquid and other materials, such as gases and products for and of the oil refinery industry. 46% of total cargoes handled in ports of Korea in 1999. is said to be dangerous cargoes. These dangerous and hazardous cargoes are quite within a high realms of possibility of accidents, likely to be grave disaster. This paper reviews current risk management system for the dangerous and hazardous cargoes sea-transportation, mainly focusing on the prevailing regal regimes in both USA and Korea. And it aims to suggest some points for advancing the existing Korean system.

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Estimate of pesticide residues in tomato varieties using ratio of surface area to weight (비표면적을 이용한 토마토의 과종별 농약 잔류량 예측)

  • Kwon, Hye-Young;Kim, Jin-Bae;Lee, Hee-Dong;Ihm, Yang-Bin;Kyung, Kee-Sung;Park, In-Hee;Choi, Jung
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.30-37
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    • 2004
  • This study estimated the correlation between surface area/weight ratios and pesticide residues in two varieties of tomato, mini tomato and tomato. The ratios of surface area/weight of mini tomato and tomato were $2.15cm^2g^{-1}$ and $1.00cm^2g^{-1}$ respectively. Pesticide residues were measured with four kinds of pesticide, chlorothalonil WP, chlorothalonil SC, oxadixyl WP, thiophanate-methyl WP. Ie residue amount of mini tomato was $1.4\sim2.4$ times higher than those in tomato regardless of the application date and frequency. The ratios of surface area/weight on tomato varieties played a key role for determining pesticide residue.