• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2020

Background: The leaves of the goji berry (Lycium chinense Mill.) are used as raw materials in processing and by replace fruits to some extent. The reason is that the leaves are cheaper, however, betaine content is higher than in the fruits. These experiments were conducted to determine the planting density and cutting height for producing a large number of leaves. Methods and Results: The cultivar 'Myeongan' with many branches was used. When the shoot height reached 50 cm - 70 cm, harvesting was possible four times a year. The time to next harvest was approximately 38 days after regeneration of new shoots. Leaf quantity was in the order of 1st > 2nd > 4th > 3rd harvest. Insect damage occurred during the third harvest in late July and early August, therefore, eco-friendly control was necessary. The total yield was higher at the planting density 60 cm × 30 cm than that of 60 cm × 20 cm or 60 cm × 40 cm. The yield at cutting for shoot height of 60 cm was increased by 6.3 percent compared to that of 50 cm, At the cutting height of 70 cm, harvest was difficult owing to hardening of stems and thorns. Betaine content, an indicator component of goji berry, was not significantly different according to planting densities and cutting height. Conclusions: The ideal cutting period to produce leaves of goji berry for processing is when the shoots grow to approximately 60 cm, and the leaves can be harvested 4 times a year. The dried-leaf yield was highest at the planting density of 60 cm × 30 cm.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 1992

A 2-year neld study was conducted to compare the influence of harvesting datrs on agronomie characteristlcs, forage yield and quality of four winter rye (fecafe cereofe L.) cultivars at the experi-mental fold of Livestock Farm, College of Agriculture, Seoul National University, Suwon.All rye rultlvars were winter hardy. Winter more and Elbon were upright in growth and early inmaturity with tall plant height, while Korean native and Kodiak were semi-prostrate and prostrate,respectively in growth and later in maturity with shorter height.Dry matter yields of Winter more and Elbon were significantly higher those of Korean native andKodiak harvested in early In 1985 and 1986. There were no slgnincant differences in dry matter yieldof the rye cultivars harvested in late in 1985, but Winter more and Elbon were signifcantly higherforage yield than the two other cultivars harvested in late in 1986.Crude protein (CP) concentrations of Korean native and Kodiak were signifcantly higher thanthose of Winter more and Elbon harvested in both early and late in 1986.There were no significant differences in tu uifro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the rye col-tivars harvested in early in 1986, but those of Korfan native and Kodiak were signiHcantly lligher thanthe two other cultivars harvested in late.CP and IVDDM yields of Winter more and Elbon were significantly higher than those of Koreannative and Kodiak harvested in early in 1986. but no signiFcant differences were round among the ryeco]tivars haryested In late.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

This study was carried out to develop a vine crusher for harvesting sweet potato. The experimental two-row vine crusher attachable to agricultural tractor composed of vine crushing part with frail type vine crushing blades and vine lifting blades, power transmission part with chain and gear transmission mechanism, crushing height control part with two control wheels and manual levers, and implement frames, was designed and fabricated. And this vine crushing performance was also analyzed. From vine crushing tests, backward travel direction (i.e., rotational direction of the vine crushing blades) showed better vine crushing performance than forward travel direction. Crushing ratio of remained vine was increased, and length of remained vine and length of crushed vine were decreased as working speed was decreased and rotational speed of vine crushing blades was increased. At a working speed of 0.27 m/s and rotational speed of vine crushing blades of 800 rpm, crushing ratio of remained vine was 98%, length of remained vine was 104 mm, and length of crushed vine was 327 mm. But, when crushing vine on irregular ridges, vines and mulching vinyl were wound in the vine crushing part. Therefore, change of location of power transmission chain mechanism, and an automatic control device for controlling crushing height were needed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.314-319
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• 2015

Purpose: The ratio of straw to grain mass as a function of cutting height affects combine efficiency and power consumption and is an important input parameter to combine simulation models. An equation was developed to predict straw to grain ratios for wheat as a function of cutting height. Methods: Two mass functions, one for straw and one for grain, were developed using regression techniques and measured data collected in west Texas during the summer, and used to predict the straw to grain ratio. Results: Three equations were developed to facilitate the simulation of a combine during wheat harvest. Two mass functions, one for straw and one for grain, were also developed; a quadratic equation describes the straw mass with an $R^2$ of 0.992. An S-shaped curve describes the mass function for grain with an $R^2$ of 0.957. An equation for straw to grain ratio of wheat was developed as a function of cutting height. The straw to grain ratio has an $R^2$ value of 0.947. Conclusions: In all cases, the equations had $R^2$ values above 0.94 and were significant at the 99.9 percent probability level (alpha = 0.001). Although all three equations are useful, the grain mass and straw to grain ratio equations will have direct application in combine simulation models.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.29 no.5 s.106
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• pp.425-432
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• 2004

In harvesting rice and barley using combine, the inclination of the body caused by the irregular surface condition of the field and the soil sinking from the unbalanced weight during the grain collection used to make harvesting operation difficult and even impossible. To overcome such a problem hydraulic system far automatic and manual leveling control of a combine has been developed. The system was composed of the combine body and the hydraulic level control system mounted on it. The maximum height of ground clearance was set up to be 290mm. And the limit angle of the leveling control was set up to be $\pm7^{\circ}$. The proposed controller and hydraulic system was implemented to the prototype combine. The prototype combine was designed and built as a separable structure with the body and the track of it. This paper shows results of a specification and design testing with the hydraulic level control system far body of combine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.210-210
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• 2017

Sorghum is rich source of various phytochemicals including phenolic acids that have potential to significantly impact human health. Phytochemical production may be induced by not only genotype but a number of environmental factors including temperatures and amount of sunshine. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of planting date and harvesting stage on the agronomic and quality traits of 'Donganme' grain sorghum variety developed to produce high antioxidant activity. 'Donganme' were planted in three locations at four dates from early May to early July. Each planted fractions were harvested five times 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 days after head shooting date, respectively. Significant difference existed between the growth period and the agronomic traits. The interaction effects planting date and harvesting date was significant for plant height, tiller production, grain yield and antioxidant activity, indicating that low temperature and integrated sunshine influence on that traits. The result showed that antioxidant activity production occurred when the sorghum crop was grown in late season although the yield is lower. To produce antioxidant activity from sorghum grain need to consider the relation between the yield and nutrition component simultaneously.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.153-157
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• 1989

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the first harvesting times and regrowth periods after the fist harvest on grass regrowth, dry matter (DM) yield and botanical composition in pasture mixtures during 1987 and 1988. For the test, a split plot design with 3 replications was treated with 3 different first harvesting times (vegetative, stem elongation and heading stage) and 3 different regrowth periods (20, 30 and 40 days) after first harvest. Although the total DM yield of grasses was decreased slightly with earlier cutting, the regrowth DM yield and the regrowth plant height was increased significantly with earlier cutting (p < 0.05). Also, the 30 days of regrowth periods was contributed greatly to the regrowth and the DM yield. The percentage of legumes Tmainly red clover) in botanical composition was increased with later initial harvest anrl longer regrowth period after first harvest. Based on the results, it is suggested that good grass regrowth and seasonal distribution could be achieved by the earlier harvest at fist and the regrowth period of 30 days after first harvest in spring.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.395-399
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• 2015

Background : This study examined the effect of harvesting time on the growth, yield characteristics, and major beneficial components in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methods and Results : Although plant height, stem diameter and branch length were not affected by harvesting time, the number of stems was highest when harvested in mid October. There were no differences in root length and thickness, however, the rhizome was thicker when it was harvested at the end of October or early November than when it was harvested in early and mid October. The dried root weight also showed a similar pattern. However, there was a statistically significant increase to 408 kg (16%) in the rhizome weight when in late October and a rise to 455 kg (29%) when harvested in early November. Harvest time had little effect on the content of the major component of S. miltiorrhiza. For example, salvianolic acid content rose from 9.42 to 9.64% with later harvest times, and tanshinone ${\prod}A$ content was tended to be slightly more increased in mid October which S. miltiorrhiza has 0.22% tanshinon ${\prod}A$ than in early October. Conclusions : According to these results, the optimum harvest time for S. miltiorrhiza is early November when plant or major component yields are hightest. There were no significant harvest time effects on the major beneficial components.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.111-118
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• 2020

This study developed a rainwater harvesting system for the irrigation of upland on sloping area. The assessment of water supply capacity was evaluated in farm field experience. This system consists of a water catchment device and a collapsible storage tank. The water catchment device was designed to collect runoff water in natural channel of 500 mm width into a pipe of 50 mm inner diameter. The device has funnel-shaped plan and cross-section of square. The storage capacity of the collapsible water tank was caculated to meet the water demand for irrigation in 30 a cultivated land for 10-year frequancy drought. The tank has a cuboid shape with a capacity of 30 ㎥, 5 m in width and length, 1.2 m in height. This system can supply 92% of the water required for drop irrigation of red pepper and 88% of the water required for drop irrigation of onions in 30 a cultivation land during the month of May and June. In the case of 16-dry days of 10-years frequency, this system is capable to irrigate 100% of required water for red pepper and onion, 76.7% of required water for Omija (Schisandra chinensis), and 51.5% of required water for autumn kimchi cabbage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.338-338
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• 2017

One of the problems in increasing rice production is getting lines or varieties that have high adaptability so that able to produce maximum production in a variety of environmental conditions. One strategy that can be done to get adaptive varieties is through the improvement of native varieties. This research was conducted in rain fed paddy field, Aceh province, Indonesia from June to September 2014. The texture of the soil was clay-loam with the soil pH ranged from 6.5-6.7. Five potential progenies of rice from crossing between native Indonesian rice with introduced rice varieties consist of C3, C4, S3, S5, S6 were used in this study. Besides that, one national rice variety Ciherang also used as a comparison. The plants were growth in the plot with the size of $2m{\times}1.4m$ with plant distance was $20cm{\times}20cm$. The fertilizers used in this study were Urea, NPK, and KCl. Randomized block design with 6 rice progenies/variety and 3 replications were used in this study. There were 18 experimental units and each experimental unit had 10 samples for the sources of data. The variables that were observed in this study including plant height at harvesting time, number of productive tiller, the percentage of empty grains and filled grain per panicle, weight of filled grains per hill, weight of filled grain per plot and yield potential per hectare. Analyzed were also conducted for the depth of root penetration, dry-root weight, dry-shoot weight, shoot-root weight ratio and its correlation with the weight of filled grain per hill. The research results show that there was significant difference on plant height at harvesting time, number of productive tillers, the percentage of empty grains and filled grain per panicle, weight of filled grains per hill, weight of filled grain per plot and yield potential per ha (p>0.01) among the treatments. In addition, depth root penetration, dry-root weight, dry-shoot weight, shoot-root weight ratio also had significant difference (p>0.01) among the treatment. The highest plant at harvesting time was found in S6, reaching 129.8 cm and the shortest plants was found in C3 reaching 107.5 cm. The largest number of productive tillers and the highest percentage of filled grains per panicle were found in Ciherang reaching 10.5 tillers and 80.7% respectively. Ciherang also had the heaviest weight of filled grains per hill and per plot reaching 21.1 g and 2.18 kg respectively. Whereas, S6 had the lowest number of tillers and the lowest percentage of filled grain per panicle.. The highest yield potential per ha was found in Ciherang reaching 7.79 tons. Among the progenies, S5 had the highest yield potential reaching 5 tons/Ha. The result also showed significant relationship between shoot-root weight ratio with weight of filled grains per hill. The highest value of shoot-root weight ratio (1.57) in Ciherang is thought had closed relationship with its yield potential.