• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제23권4_2호
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• pp.593-601
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• 2020

This study was conducted to analyze the physical strain with heart rate monitor in timber harvesting operations in order to reduce occupational accidents. The timber harvesting activities are manual cutting(felling, limbing and bucking) with a chainsaw and extraction by cable yarder. The study took place on Japanese larch stand. The average height was 26m and average diameter at breast height(DBH) was 3 7cm. The havest unit was gentle slope to steep slope. Results showed that the heart rate increases for chocking, felling, limbing and bucking were 94.0%, 87.9%, 84.8% and 56.4% respectively. The rate of Work Load Index was higher in the limbing(61.4%) activity than other activities chocking(55.2%), felling(54.1%) and bucking(32.1%). During 50% working heart rate test it was found that limbing(1.09), chocking(1.05) and felling(1.04) was exposed to high work intensity compared to bucking(0.83). The results showed that maximum acceptable work times(felling, chocking and limbing) were 2.30 hour, 1.85 hour and 1.60 hour respectively. To avoid occupational accidents, timber harvest workers may use a suitable working hour schedule to felling, chocking, limbing.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2015

This study was performed to identify the effect of fertilizer application and planting method on growth and yield of 'Seolhyang' strawberry during seedling raising. According to the concentration of fertilizer applied, the height of daughter plants was the highest at an EC of $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Leaf number and crown diameter were greatest at an EC of $0.6-0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. In the first measurement, root number was highest in non-fertilizer application, while root weight was heaviest in non-fertilizer application and EC $0.4dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The higher the concentration of fertilizer applied as culture media, the lower the growth rate. Thirty days after planting on the main field, plant height and number of new leaf were highest at an EC of $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. However, no significant difference was found in leaf length and width and chlorophyll content according to fertilizer application. Marketable yield of 25 g or higher was greatest in EC $0.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. In contrast, no significance was found in total marketable yield at an EC of $0.4-0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Aconsistent pattern was exhibited in the growth of 1-5 harvesting flower clusters according to planting method. The length of leaf and flower cluster was short and chlorophyll content was low, when bed soil was removed 100% in harvesting of the first flower cluster. In all treatment, leaf length was shortened until harvesting of the second and third flower cluster, but rapidly lengthened in harvesting of the third and fourth flower clusters. Moreover, the length of flower cluster had a increasing tendency from harvesting of the third flower cluster. However, chlorophyll content was reduced continuously until harvesting of the fifth flower cluster, and was lowest in harvesting of the fourth flower cluster without removal of bed soil. Total yield was greatest in treatment of crown removal in bed soil between November and May. Late marketable yield between March and May was highest in treatment of 100% bed soil removal, followed by treatment of crown removal. Marketable yield of 25 g or higher was greatest in treatment of crown removal between December and February, while greatest in treatment of 100% bed soil removal between March and May.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.86-96
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• 1994

In order to estimate the optimum harvesting mesh size of multispecies, the 24 species of catching data which were taken by fishing trial of trawl gear in Korean Southern Coast and East China Sea during 1991-1993 year were grouped and divided by the Cluster analysis method, considering first maturity length and body width, body height, body girth based on the first maturity length. With the same method, the above groups were subdivided by the potential escape such as possible escape index, range factor and selection factor. In case of the species devoid of selection parameters, these species were first subdivided by the use of possible escape index and length range factor. Next, the optimum harvesting mesh size of multispecies was properly classified according to the optimal mesh size of a fish estimated by first maturity length against selection factor. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Each optimum harvesting mesh size of Psenopsis anomala, Priacanthus macra-canthus, Trachurus japonicus, Argyrosomus argentatus was 71.1-79.5mm, and Saurida undosquamis was 65.5mm. 2. Each optimum harvesting mesh size of Scomber japonicus, Pseudosciaena crosea, Pseudosciaena Polyactis, Sebastes thompsoni, Doderleinia berycoides was 78.5-85.6mm, and Bembras japonicus, Sphyraena pinguis was 48.4-51.3mm. 3. Each optimum harvesting mesh size of Zeus faber, Pampus argenteus, Zenopsis nebulosan was 118.4-124.1mm, and Caranx equula was 91.4mm, and Thamnaconus modestus was 131.2mm, and Pagrus major was 149.4mm. 4. Each optimum harvesting mesh size of Upeneus bensasi, Callanthias japonicus, Sardinops melanosticata, Konosirus punctatus was 36.8-42.8mm, and Acropoma japonicum was 21.2mm, and Apogon lineatus was 26.3mm.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to assess the forage productivity and nutritive value of kenaf at different fertilizer application amounts and various stages of maturity. The experiment was conducted from May to September 2020, the amount of 80 kg of kenaf seed/ha was supplied with different types and amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and the plants were harvested at 10-day intervals from different harvesting dates (24^th August and 3^rd, 13^th, 23^rd September). According to the different fertilizer types and application amounts, the highest kenaf height was recorded in the inorganic fertilizer amounts of 200 and 250 kg N/ha and the fresh and DM yield were significantly improved in the inorganic nitrogen amount of 250 kg N/ha. The highest CP and TDN content in the leaf was achieved in the inorganic fertilizer amounts of 150 and 200 kg N/ha, respectively; and the highest TDN content in the stem was also found in the inorganic fertilizer amount of 200 kg N/ha. According to the different harvesting dates, the highest DM ratio was found in the harvesting date of 13th September, the leaf ratio increased with advanced maturity, whereas the stem ratio decreased significantly and the highest DM yield of kenaf was recorded in the harvesting dates of 13^th and 23^rd September. Besides, the highest CP, CF, CA, ADF, NDF and TDN content in the leaf as influenced by different harvesting dates was 15.4, 31.8, 10.2, 22.1, 34.7 and 76.5%, respectively, and the CP, CA, ADF and TDN in stem decreased significantly with advanced maturity of kenaf. In conclusion, the optimal fertilizer amounts and the appropriate harvesting dates for a high forage yield and high-quality kenaf as livestock feed were the inorganic fertilizer application amounts of 200-250 kg N/ha and from 13^th and 23^rd September, respectively.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.811-821
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• 2023

본 연구는 인력수확과 기계수확 즉, 수확 방법을 달리한 양파와 기계수확 과정에서 발생되는 양파와 양파 간 충격을 모의하여 인위적으로 충격처리 한 양파의 품질 및 저장성을 평가하여 기계수확을 위한 자료를 얻고자 하였다. 수확방법은 인력굴취 후 인력수집, 기계굴취 후 인력수집, 기계굴취 후 기계수집 총 3가지였다. 그리고 본 연구의 굴취 및 수집과정에서의 최고 충격 높이는 0.5 m였다. 수확 직후 압상률과 상해율은 수확 방법 간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 만약 기계수확으로 압상이나 상해 발생이 증가한다면 그 원인은 토양에 함유된 자갈 등의 토양 조건과 속도 등의 기계 운전 조건이 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 저장 8.5개월 동안의 품질 및 저장성도 수확 방법 간에 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 모의 충격실험은 0.0 m(0.0 J), 0.25 m(0.86 J), 0.5 m(1.72 J), 0.75 m(2.57 J)에서 1회 처리와 0.25 m에서 동일위치 4회(3.43 J)와 다른위치 4회(3.43 J)를 pendulum 방식으로 충격처리하여 저장성을 조사하였다. 모든 처리에서 저장 8.5개월 동안 품질과 저장성은 처리 간에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 양파 기계수확은 인력수확과 품질 및 저장성에서 차이가 없었고, 기계수확을 모의한 충격처리도 양파의 품질 및 저장성에 거의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 수확 기계의 제작과 기계수확 시 운전 조건에 대한 자료를 제공함으로써 향후 양파 수확 작업의 기계화 확대에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.3897-3920
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• 1975

Since the most of Korean dairy and cattle raising farms are too small to introduce western mechanized farming, it is necessary to develope small size equipments. This study has been carried to develop a rotary mower as on attachment of 8 to 10 horse powertiller which is widely spread in rural area. It will not ony be helpfull for the farmers to harvesting hay grass but also desirable to increase the power tiller utility. The protto type rotary mower designed through the fundamental investigations, has been modified and improved through the field trials, and a series of field tests has been carried to investigate its performance and economic feasibility comparing with existing vailable harvesting equipments. The results are as follows; 1. To increase the stability, two guide wheels are attached to both side of the protto type rotary mower. 2. To prevent the clinging of tall grasses, the vertical driving shafts are covered with cylindrical protectors. 3. The cutting height is adjustable in 8 steps from 2.5 to 20 centimeters by changing the length of guide wheel legs. 4. The practical Critical cutting speed were always higher than theoretical value in both case of single cutting blade and three when the cutting depth was 25 millimeter. 5. The peripheral speed of cutting blade was varied in response to the change of engine speed, mean while the peripheral speed was adequate as it was changhed from 25 to 35 meter per second when the power tiller is operated in proper working ground speed. 6. The time requirement to harvest 10 a were 88.7, 54.6 and 41.4 minutes for the first, second and third stage of ground speed respectively, and because of the difficulty of delivery, it was observed that operating with fourth stage of ground speed was not recomanendable when the grass height is taller than 90 centimeters. 7. The performance of rotary mower were 1.1-1.7, 1.4-4.0, 3.8-11.8 and 7.4-22.0 times of reciprocating mower, portable disc type cutter, hay scythe and ordinary sickle respectively. 8. When the slope exceeds, 20 degree the downward harvesting operation was impossible because of the excessive front end weight, while less than 5 degree of land slope did not effect in field operation. 9. Increased traveling spee caused higher cutting height and slight cutting failure, but seems not to effect to the gross yield, and the efficiency of cutting width were from 83 to 94 precent. 10. Tn rank of economy were rotary mower (3,2 stage operation), reciprocating mower, hay scythe, portable disc type cutter and sickle in order when the annul operation exdeeds 100 hours. From the above results, it is convinced that the protto type rotary mower is good enough to the livestock farmers as a hay harvesting equipment because of its economy, hardiness in operating and its out standing performance and hopefully it will contribute to the extension of Korean livestock farming.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.329-332
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• 1996

황기의 수확시기(收穫時期)에 따라 생육(生育) 및 수양(收量)의 변화(變化)를 알아보고자 1년생(年生) 및 2년생(年生)에 대하여 10월(月) 10일(日), 10월(月) 25일(日), 1월(月) 10일(日) 등 3회(回)에 걸쳐 수확시기(收穫時期)를 달리 하여 시험(試驗)해 본 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1 황기 1년생(年生) 수확시(收穫時) 초장(草長), 경경(莖徑), 마디수, 분지수(分枝數), 협당립수(莢堂粒數), 건물중(乾物重)등은 수확시기(收穫時期)에 따른 차이가 없었으나, 근장(根長)과 근경(根徑)은 10월(月) 25알(日) 수확(收穫)까지는 진전(進展)이 없다가 11월(月) 10일(日) 수확(收穫)에서는 증가(增加)되었으며, 건근중(乾根重)과 수양(收量)은 11월(月) 10일(日) 수확(收穫)까지 수확시기(收穫時期)가 늦어 질수록 계속 증가(增加)되는 경향(傾向)으로 근부(根部) 생육(生育) 및 수양(收量)은 지상부(地上部) 생육(生育)과는 관계없이 수확(收穫) 시기(時期)가 늦어질수록 증가(增加)되었다 2. 황기 2년생(年生)의 수확시기별(收穫時期別) 생육특성(生育特性)에서 초장(草長), 잔경(盞徑), 근장(根長). 근경(根徑) 등은 10월(月) 25일(日) 수확(收穫) 까지는 약간 증가(增加)되었으나 마디수, 분지수(分枝數), 화잔수(花盞數), 엽수(葉數), 건물중(乾物重) 등은 수확시기(收穫時期)에 따른 차이는 없었으며, 건근중(乾根重)과 수양(收量)은 1년생(年生)과 마찬가지로 11월(月) 10일(日) 수확(收穫)까지 계속 증가(增加)되는 경향(傾向)이었다. 3. 재배기간(栽培期間)(1, 2년생(年生))에 따른 엑스함양(含量)은 차리(差異)가 없었지만 수확시기별(收穫時期別)로는 11월(月) 10일(日) 까지 수확시기(收穫時期)가 늦어질수록 엑스함양(含量)이 약간씩 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)이었다. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)에서 볼 때 황기의 수확시기(收穫時期)는 늦어질수록 수양(收量)이 증가(增加)되므로 기온하강(氣溫下降)에 의하여 수확(收穫) 작업(作業)에 지장(支障)을 받지 않을 정도(支障)인 11월(月) 중순경(中旬傾) 수확(收穫)하는 것이 적합(適合)하다고 생각된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2018

Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of cultivation conditions on the growth and glucosinolate content of Chinese cabbage and kale. Methods: Chinese cabbage and kale were grown in three different cultivation conditions, including a plant factory, greenhouse, and open field. Samples were collected at two harvesting times (10 d and 20 d after transplanting the seedlings). Nine growth parameters (plant height, plant width, number of leaves, petiole diameter, SPAD readout, leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, and plant weight) were measured immediately after harvesting, and the samples were freeze-dried and stored until the glucosinolate content was analyzed. Mean values of the growth parameters and glucosinolate contents were evaluated using Duncan's multiple range tests. Results: The results indicated that the plant parameters of the Chinese cabbage and kale were greater for plants grown in the plant factory and greenhouse. The plant height, width, and weight showed significant differences in the Duncan's multiple range tests at a 5% level. The plant factory also produced greater contents of most of the glucosinolates. Conclusions: Three different cultivation conditions significantly affected the growth and glucosinolate contents of Chinese cabbage and kale. Further study is necessary to investigate other functional components and different vegetable varieties.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.623-634
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• 2018

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of the pre- and post-harvest variable factors on the processed product of kimchi cabbage. Two kimchi cabbage cultivars, namely 'Chungwang' and 'Dongpung,' were grown in a field and under a plastic greenhouse condition and stored at $5^{\circ}C$ after harvesting with and without low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film packaging. Growths were determined after harvesting while salting characteristics were determined after the processing and storage. The results show that the height, weight and leaf thickness were higher in kimchi cabbages grown in the greenhouse than those grown in the field. The plastic house culture increased the kimchi cabbage growth of the head weight, head height and leaf thickness compared with that of the open field culture. However, the osmolality and firmness were higher in the outdoor cultivated kimchi cabbages. Kimchi cabbage packed in film covered sacks and stored at $5^{\circ}C$ showed lower weight loss than unpacked cabbages during storage. Salt concentration and pH were also affected by the different pre- and post-harvest factors after salting the kimchi cabbages. Salt concentrations of the kimchi cabbage were influenced by various factors such as the cultivars, cultivation methods and storage covering. Though the present findings showed a limited difference in salt concentration and pH between the cultivars of kimchi cabbages, this study suggests that there is a relationship between processed agricultural products and their pre- and post-harvest methods.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2004

본 시험은 옥수수 파종시기 5월 10일, 5월 20일 및 5월 30일을 주구로 옥수수 수확시기 9월 15일, 9월 25일 및 10월 5일을 세 구로 하여 분할구 배치법 3반복으로 2년간 축산연구소 한우시험장에서 수행하였다. 옥수수의 간장은 파종기가 5월 30일, 5월 10일 및 5월 20일순으로 작아졌으며, 수확기는 각 파종기 공히 10월 5일이 큰 경향이었다. 옥수수의 착수고는 파종기가 5월 20일, 5월 30일, 5월 10일순으로 작았고 파종기는 5월 10일, 5월 20일, 5월 30일순으로 낮아졌다. 파종기에 따른 옥수수 암이삭 비율은 파종기 5월 10일이 가장 높았다. 옥수수의 건물수량은 파종기가 늦추어짐에 따라 적어졌으며, 수확시기가 늦추어짐에 따라 높아졌다. 파종시기에 따른 옥수수 경엽의 조단백질 함량은 5월 10일보다는 5월 20일과 30일이 높았고 이삭은 5월 20일이 5월 10일이나 30일보다 높았다. 수확시기에 따른 경엽의 조단백질 함량은 파종시기에 관계없이 9월 15일이 가장 높았고 9월 25일과 10월 5일순으로 낮았으며, 이삭의 경우도 경엽과 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 경엽의 NDF와 ADF 함량은 수확시기가 지연됨에 따라 높은 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 건물수량과 사료가치를 고려하면 파종시기는 가능하면 빨리 파종하는 것이 유리하나 고랭지에서는 너무 일찍 파종하면 늦추위에 냉해의 위험이 있기 때문에 5월 20일경에 파종하는 것이 안전하고, 수화시기는 너무 늦게 수확하는 것은 건물수량은 높아지나 사료가치가 감소되므로 대관령과 같은 고랭지에서는 만상일이 9월 28일인 점을 감안하면 9월 25일 이전에 수확하는 것이 적당할 것으로 생각된다.