• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2020

This study was conducted to analyze ripening characteristics of the seed according to days after flowering. The seeds were harvested on land located in the Department of Herbal Crop Research in Rural Development Administration in 2019. Seed weight and germination rate were investigated according to days after flowering and the embryo:seed ratio was examined during the fruiting process. The results showed that the weight increased significantly by the days after flowering at each inflorescence and the seed began to germinate at different time. Further, given the embryo:seed ratio, we found that embryo continue to grow in the seed. Because Angelica acutiloba (Siebold & Zucc.) Kitagawa bloom in various inflorescences, the stage of embryonic development of the seeds can affect the germination of seed. Based on our results, the key seed harvest period for good seed is 50 to 70 days after flowering.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2001

The study was performed to investigate the effects of delayed gamma-irradiation and CA storage on the keeping quality of chestnuts. Chestnuts peviously stored for 3 months at 0$^{\circ}C$ were irradiated at 0 to 0.25 kGy of Co$\^$60/ gamma rays and then stored for 6 months under CA conditions of 3% O$_2$ and 5% CO$_2$ or air at 0$^{\circ}C$. Delayed gamma-irradiation completely inhibited the sprouting of chestnuts, and tore reduced the rotting rate by the combination with CA storage. The weight loss was reduced by delayed gamma-irradiation and CA storage. Hunter L and b values of flesh surface of the chestnuts stored under CA were higher than those of samples stored under air regardless of gamma irradiation. Vitamin C, total sugar and reducing sugar contents decreased immediately after irradiation Vitamin C and reducing sugar contents after 6 months of storage were lower in the samples kept under CA than in those under air. Results indicated that delayed gamma-irradiation after harvest and subsequent CA storage showed inhibitory effects against the development of saluting and rotting and the loss of weights and surface flesh color changes in chestnuts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.176-187
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• 1983

Volatile flavor components of garlic and factors which influence on its flavors were reviewed. Growth, storage and processing conditions influence on the flavor intensity of garlic. To intensify garlic flavors, it is desirable that sufficient sulfate nutrition be supplied to the soil of growing garlic and that the suggested proportions of mineral composition and water content be considered. And to maintain the flavor intensity of post harvested garlic, flavor losses taken place during over inter storage mainly due to respiration, sprout and decay, have to be minimized. Among the various storage methods, combination method of post harvest hot-air drying and low temperature ($0^{\circ}C$), low humidity (RH 70-75%) is useful. The flavor of processed garlic is very much decreased as compared with that of fresh, and the decreasing rate of flavors depends on processing method. The synthetic garlic flavors were obtained by three types based on intermediate thiosulfinate, S-alk(en) yl-$\small{L}$-cyteine sulfoxlde-alliinase fission products and $\small{L}$-5-alk (en)yl thiomethylhydantoin ${\pm}$ S-oxides. These synthetic garlic flavors may be promised to be applied to food additives.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.21 no.3 s.52
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• pp.153-158
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• 1982

The study was conducted to obtain the basic information on the diseases epidemics of vegetable crops grown in Namji, Jinju, Gimhae and Suncheon under the extremely varied and specified conditions, plastic film house. The disease survey was conducted from the end of April, 1951 to April 1982. Leaf mold and late blight were serious foliar disease in tomato during the seedling stage, especially when the infected seeds were sown. The diseases increased rapidly 35 days after seeding. In both continuous cultivation of cucumber and rotation with upland crops, incidence of Fusarium wilt was severe while incidence of the disease was negligible in cultivations after paddy rice or grafting on pumpkin. Downy mildew of cucumber was severe in Jinju and Suncheon area, however, it was not so serious in Namji area where the growing season of cucumber was unfavorable for the maximum disease incidence. Cucumber mosaic virus disease was prevalent in the areas surveyed and the disease incidence was increased rapidly after June. Powdery mildew prevailed at the early stage of cucumber growth after transplanting in Namji area. Root rot and wilting caused by Phytophthora capsici was as the most destructive disease in pepper grown under the vinyl house, especially in Namji and Jinju area where the pepper has been cultivated intensively. The Phytophthora attacked most parts of young plants during the winter time and then induced crown rot on the adults plants. Cultivation of pepper in vinyl house was almost impossible because of the Phytophora disease by the end of June. Virus diseases to tomato plants were prevalent throughout the surveyed area and the damage was also severe. In Jinju and Gimhae area leaf mold and late blight showed high infection rate in tomato during the harvest time.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2015

This study was conducted to find out optimum cultivars, and growth temperature and stage in peanut sprout for resveratrol production. Morphological characteristic, days to 50% of the final germination percentage($T_{50}$) and early growth vigor were measured in 8 different peanut varieties. In result 'Jopyeong' appeared to be the most appropriate cultivar for peanut production because of its lower contamination rate, lesser lateral root formation, and thicker hypocotyl length. Optimum temperature for growing peanut sprouts was determined 27. Content of resveratrol was examined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) to investigate appropriate growth stage of peanut sprouts for resveratrol production. Resveratrol was higher than $17.0{\mu}g/g$ in peanuts sprouts 9 days after plating. Considering peanut sprout's shapes and content of resveratrol into account, it was most appropriate to harvest in 9-day after germination.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 1969

To investigate the effects of internal radiation of various intensityon the test crop(flax), seeds of four levels of activity($15.5{\times}10-4 $\mu$c/grain, 9.0{\times}10-2$\mu$c/grain, 2.2{\times}100$\mu$c/grain and 3.8{\times}10-1$\mu$c/grain)$ which had been obtained by immersing them into various concentrations of P-32 original solution (total activity: 90 mc, To: 3/21) for 24 hours at room temperature, were germinated, transplanted later into pots, and the rate of germination and the successive growth were observed, and the inorganic conents of the plant top were analyzed. The results are as follows: 1. At the early stage of germination, the plants manifested themselves both inhibitory and promotive effects at higher and lower activity levels respectively, compared those of the control. These difference of growth on account of different levels of activity appeared, however, to be gradually narrowed in the course of time after germination, except at the highest activity. 2. Two weeks after transplanting, the plants of the lowest activity showed more vigorous growth than those of control. The plants belonging to the other activity levels on the other hand, tended to be less growing, the higher the activity. However, this growth gap between treatments seemed to be progressively closed one month after transplanting. 3. Most of the leaves and stems of the plants belonging to the highest activity level ($3.8{\times}101$\mu$c/grain$) were withered during the early stage of growth, and this damage did not recover. 4. Practically no difference of growth was observed among treatments(excluding that of highest activity) one and half months after transplanting. 5. The fluorescence tended to be mroe delayed than the control, as the activity decreased. 6. There was a tendency that the number of pods harvested were larger in the plants treated with P-32 than that of the control. 7. The proportion of fiber in the plants at harvest appeared to be larger at lower activity and smaller at higher P-32 concentration than that of control. 8. As for the inorganic contents of the plant top harvested the floowing tendency was observed: (1) Nitrogen content was highest at the highest activity level at which the poorest growth ensued. (2) There was no clear difference of phosphorus content among treatments. (3) The contents of potassium and magnesium were higher than control at the medium levels of activity. (4) Calcium content of all treated blocks was found to be more than that of control.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.531-540
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• 2016

The adoption of legume cover crops in no-tillage system can contribute to improve soil fertility by providing several benefits, including reduction in soil erosion, suppression of weed growth and N supply to subsequent crops. We conducted a field study to investigate the effect of cover crops and nitrogen fertilization rates on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of waxy corn (Zea mays L.) in no-tillage upland field. Two legume cover crops, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnuturn L.) were mechanically terminated with roller in early June. For each cover crop treatment, nitrogen (N) fertilizer was applied at three different rates (145, 72.5 and $0kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$). The growth and yield characteristics of corn were significantly affected by the N fertilization rates in crimson clover plots, which suggest N mineralization from the cover crop residue was not sufficient. In contrast, N fertilization rates had no significant effect on growth and yield of corn in hairy vetch plots, indicating that the amount of N released from the cover crop is large enough to meet most of the N requirement of corn. However, the application of N fertilizer in hairy vetch cover plots resulted in slight increase of crop yield, though not statically significant, and high levels of N concentration in corn plant tissue possibly due to luxury consumption of N. Organic residues on the soil surface in hairy vetch cover plots had substantial amounts of N after harvest, ranging from 100 to $116kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$, which is presumably retained during winter season and released by microbial mineralization in subsequent year. The highest nitrogen yield efficiency was achieved in the plot with hairy vetch cover and no N fertilizer application, followed by the plot with hairy vetch cover and $72.5kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ fertilization rate. In conclusion, hairy vetch showed better performance in corn productivity as compared with crimson clover. In addition, it was concluded that the application of N fertilizer between 0 and $72.5kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ in combination with hairy vetch cover crop might be most efficient for corn yield under no-tillage system with climatic and soil characteristics similar to those of the experimental site.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.331-335
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• 1985

Series of study were conducted to develop a method for longterm storage of chest-nut with preserving it's taste and freshness. Experiments were carried out with Korean chest-nut (Castanea crenata var. Okkwang) sealed in polyethylene (P.E) film stored under the ambient and low temperature. Summarized results are as follow: After the harvest, $CO_2$ produced by chest-nut at the early storage was increased with temperature increase. Q10 mg/kg/day, the temperature index of $CO_2$production, by chest-nut ranged 2.4-2.7. It was available to store chest-nut in good condition with 8-15% total loss upto the following may at the ambient temperature sealed in 0.03 mm P.E. film, and upto the following july at the low temperature if sealed in 0.03 or 0.05 mm P.E. film. Throughout the period from one month after the innitiation upto the end of the storage, the rate of $CO_2$and $O_2$ was maintained near the optimum condition for the CA storage of chest-nut. The taste of chest-nut was improved during the storage due to increased reducing-sugar and decreased wate soluble tannin. However, the taste become bitter and unacceptable from the early stage of the storage when used the thicker P.E. film (than above mentioned) for the sealing.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.306-311
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• 2008

Proper tree vigor and crop load were determined for 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees in high density planting system from 2001 to 2003. Leaf/fruit ratio was highly correlated to mean fruit weight (y=1.715x+205.02, $R^2=0.66^{**}$) and yield (y=-35.l56x+5963.7, $R^2=0.44^{**}$). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the number of leaves per tree and mean fruit weight. However, crop load did not affect tree growth, soluble solids content of fruit, and Hunter a value. To harvest the fruits heavier than 300 g without biennial bearing, it was appropriate to crop 55 to 64 fruits in a tree with 55 leaves per fruit of adult tree. The good indices for proper tree vigor could be 20 to 25 cm of mean shoot length and above 95% of shoot termination rate. Moreover, no secondary growth and 20 to 30% of spur formation could be the indices for highly productive tree vigor.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 2015

To determine residual characteristics of azoxystrobin in ginseng under different cultivation conditions such as use of straw mat on cultivation soil and filling gap between ginseng stem and soil surface and also to elucidate its approximate behavior after spraying, 20% azoxystrobin suspension concentrate solution was sprayed 4 times onto 5-year-old ginseng with 10 days interval at a application rate of about 200 L/10 a and then residues in samples were analyzed. The residue level was lower in case of use of straw mat and filling the gap with soil than in case of no use of straw mat and no filling the gap, representing that use of straw mat and filling the gap with soil were contributed to decrease of pesticide residues in ginseng. A large portion of the test pesticide distributed onto ginseng leaf with a higher specific surface area. The amounts of azoxystrobin residues decreased in ginseng leaf, while increased on soil surface, as close to harvest. About 0.1% of azoxystrobin sprayed was distributed in ginseng root and 12.7-20.4% (mean 16.6%) of azoxystrobin could be decreased for dietary intake by removing of rhizome from ginseng root before intake.