• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.424-432
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• 2004

The handling and transport of broiler birds from farm to the processing factory is known to cause injury and dead. The preslaughter period can be compromised through thermal stress, emotional stress, starvation, dehydration, metabolic exhaustion, trauma to the skin and bone fraction resulting in bruising and dead. This paper focuses on the control points of individual post Harvest stages by reference to recent literature. In catching, the injuries and deads are caused from fracture of bone, skin damage and hipbone dislocation. It can be improved by training the catchers. The primary factor of dead during transportation is from thermal stress. It is related to stocking density, type of crate and vehicle, ventilation and transportation time. Of the factors, the ventilation is very important. The holding place should be built with consideration of protection from the hostile external environment. There were not much progresses in this area, however, many researches are conducting to focus on animal welfare in European Union. Recently, it is rapidly changed in marketing custom from whole carcass to portion cut in Korea. This means the increase of economic loss due to the mishandling at post harvest. The systematic approach is demanded for this area.

• Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.835-845
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• 2018

We studied the role of ethylene control in regulating energy metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activity, and vase life of cut rose Rosa hybrida 'Carola'. Rose flowers at stage II were sprayed with one of the following solutions: water (control), $10{\mu}L\;L^{-1}$ 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), or $0.5g\;L^{-1}$ 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid (ethephon). After harvest, ethylene production rate, respiration intensity, energy charge (EC), activities of energy metabolism-related and antioxidant enzymes, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured. Results showed that 1-MCP enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, $H^+$-adenosine triphosphatase, $Ca^{2+}$-adenosine triphosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase, and cytochrome c oxidase, increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, maintained high EC levels, inhibited respiration intensity, reduced peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and MDA accumulation, and prolonged vase life. Ethephon promoted ethylene production and respiration intensity, increased POD and PPO activity, reduced ATP content and EC levels, and accelerated senescence. Our results support a novel role for ethylene control in regulating senescence of 'Carola'.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.324-331
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• 2014

Landscape crops have decorated its surrounding landscape by being cultivated from spring to late fall. Recently, landscape crops are starting to get the limelight as crops that can be cultivated in large area farmlands. Therefore, we examined the growth characteristics of landscape crops, green manure yield and nitrogen production of crops that are cultivated during summer, which are sunflower, cosmos, sunnhemp and sesbania, in order to select crops that can be utilized as landscape crops and green manure crops. The height of landscape crops increased when the harvest time was later. Especially, sunnhemp, cosmos, sunflower and sorghum grew over 100cm. The days to flowering of sunnhemp and cosmos were 50 and 53 days each, and their flowering period of more than 50 days were long. The days to flowering of sunflower, which was 52 days, was short, and its flowering period, which was 21 days, was also short. When the harvest time was later, the green manure yield and nitrogen production of all crops increased. Individually, the green manure yield was higher in sunnhemp, sorghum, sunflower, with $7.2{\sim}7.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$, and was lowest in sesbania. The nitrogen production was higher in sunnhemp, with $168.1kg\;ha^{-1}$ Therefore, as seen in its flowering characteristics, green manure yield and nitrogen production, sunnhemp had the best green manure and landscape effects among the landscape crops for summer.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.240-243
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• 2013

This study was conducted to develop the log cultivation techniques of the maitake Grifola frondosa. We used two kinds of Grifola frondosa strains for this study. Fully incubated logs were buried into soil directly and were buried with soil inside of container box in 70% shaded vinyl house. In the vinyl house Yipsaeilho cultivar buried by the soil was delayed about 15days in harvest date compared with Dabak cultivar. Color of fruit body of Yipsaeilho cultivar was dark brown and that of Dabak cultivar was grayish brown. Yields of Yipsaeilho cultivar was 15-16 $kg/m^2$, more than that of Dabak cultivar, 11-13 $kg/m^2$. In the container box, Yipsaeilho cultivar buried by the soil was also delayed about 5days in harvest date compared with Dabak cultivar. Color of fruit body was similar to the result of vinyl house soil reclamation. But yields difference was not shown between two cultivars, 1.2-1.4 kg/box.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.74-78
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• 2012

This research was carried out to investigate the shoot growth characteristics and climatic factors for early harvest and stable yield by greenhouse on mulberry ($Morus$ $alba$) in Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do. Budbreak and coloring date of mulberry in greenhouse were earlier 18~19 days than those in field, and from bud-break to coloring was 39 days in both cultivation types. Shoot length and fruit number per shoot of mulberry in greenhouse were not significantly different with those of field, but number of node was significantly little than that of field. For 39 days in greenhouse, weekly cumulative radiation were 0.3~0.8 times. But weekly cumulative temperature was not different with that of field. And relative humidity as range of 53.0~94.5% in greenhouse was higher than that of field. Therefore, mulberry is suitable to greenhouse cultivation for early harvest and stable yield.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 2004

Red peppers(Capsicum annuum L.), 'Geumtap' and 'Bugang', were cultivated at main producing areas in Korea, and harvested 4 times in 1998 and 1999. The relationships between internal qualities such as reducing sugar, capsaicinoids, and vitamin C contents, and regional climatic elements such as total accumulated air temperature, total amount of precipitation and sunshine duration during the fruit growing periods were compared. The amount of reducing sugar increased as the harvest time was late. Capsaicinoids content varied by harvest dates and cultivated years. Vitamin C content was influenced by cultivated year more than cultivars. Reducing sugar content showed a negative relationship with total amount of precipitation but showed a positive relationship with sunshine duration. There were negative relationship between the contents of capsaicinoids and vitamin C and total amount of precipitation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.2709-2734
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• 2020

The growing demand to make wireless data services 5G compatible has necessitated the development of an energy-efficient approach for an effective new wireless environment. In this paper, we first propose a cognitive sensor node (CSN) based game theory for deriving energy via a primary user-transmitted radio frequency signal. Cognitive users' time was segmented into three phases based on a time switching protocol: energy harvest, spectrum sensing and data transmission. The proposed model chooses the optimal energy-harvesting phase as the effected factor. We further propose a distributed energy-harvesting model as a utility function via pricing techniques. The model is a non-cooperative game where players can increase their net benefit in a selfish manner. Here, the price is described as a function pertaining to transmit power, which proves that the proposed energy harvest game includes Nash Equilibrium and is also unique. The best response algorithm is used to achieve the green connection between players. As a result, the results obtained from the proposed model and algorithm show the advantages as well as the effectiveness of the proposed study. Moreover, energy consumption was reduced significantly (12%) compared to the benchmark algorithm because the proposed algorithm succeeded in delivering energy in micro which is much better compared to previous studies. Considering the reduction and improvement in power consumption, we could say the proposed model is suitable for the next wireless environment represented in 5G.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.298-307
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to enhance the value of the chestnut industry by analyzing the value chain structure. Based on the value chain theory, it is divided into primary activities and support activities. Thus, in total, 27 subjects from Gongju, Buyeo, and Cheongyang were interviewed and self-administered questionnaire. Regarding the value chain structure of the chestnut industry, the primary activities consisted of production followed by cultivation and storing, sorting and packaging, transportation and marketing sales. The support activities were divided into production infrastructure, policy, R&D, and systematization. The primary activities are able to maximize profits through cost reductions. The production was divided into general and environmentally friendly cultivation. Depending on the labor force, it is family-centered labor. However, the installation of harvest nets depends on a hired labor force (40 - 60%) such that it would be necessary to have a mechanized harvest to replace the manpower for the cost reduction. Transportation, marketing sales, and backdoor selling (38.1%) were higher than the existing channels (31.0%) using the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation. The enhancement of value could be created by maximizing profits through the reinforcement of the links between each subject. The production showed strong connections with cultivation/storing, sorting/packing, and backdoor selling and the National Forestry Cooperative Federation. The processing stage is a very simple structure, it would be necessary to have R&D and to support promotions, infrastructure, machines, and sales increases, which should be expanded by connections with other industries like the food industry.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2015

Characteristic of seed for Sageretia thea fruits collected from the habitat of harvest season in Jeju and their germination ratio in different temperatures were considered. The average weight was 0.2 g, average diameter was 7.2 mm, average length was 6.5 mm, and size distribution range was 5.1 ~ 10.0 mm. The number of seeds per fruit was 1.8, and 1000 grain weight was 7.77 g with diameter of 3.7 mm and thickness of 1.7 mm in size. The fruit maturation was investigated to be from April 27 to June 1, when the best maturation period was about a week, May 11 to May 18. Also, the fruits grown on May 4 to May 11 were seen to have the bigger in transverse size and weight with a tendency of the earlier maturation date has the greater the number of seeds. S. thea seeds pretreated for 24 hours at $50^{\circ}C$ were not germinated, while most of those pretreated for 24 hours at $4^{\circ}C$ were successfully germinated at any degree of temperature (except at a temperature of $10^{\circ}C$). Particularly, the highest germination rate of 55% was made at $15^{\circ}C$, and plumule and radicle were best grown within the temperature range of $25^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.10 no.4 s.36
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• pp.123-132
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• 2005

A version control system is used in a rapidly changed environment or a program which developed in a complicated environment. And configuration thread information supporting and it's processing method has an important part in version control. Configuration thread tool such as a system model of DSEE, a view of ClearCase, a label of SourceSafe, and the package of CCC/Harvest have applied to formalized configuration rule by user and obtained a desired configuration information of the version. But it is a problem of configuration thread in supporting information that we. in this method. can't know a exactly well-defined configuration rule information and a predefined information. And these information have a demerit that can't supported the close connection along with undefined version and a meta-information. In this paper. we have modeling a system for these problems to solve and a efficiently configuration thread supported. We also proposed a mixed retrieval model included a boolean retrieval model and a vector retrieval model for support efficiently configuration thread information. We applied and designed the libraries using extended facet method.