• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2007

본 연구는 fish oil의 첨가가 한우거세우의 증체, 배최장근의 지방산 조성 및 도체등급에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 평균체중 440.8±32.4kg의 한우거세우 20두를 공시하여 실시하였다. 시험구 배치는 fish oil을 첨가하지 않는 FO-0구와 fish oil을 3% 첨가하는 FO-3구의 2처리로 하였다. 총 증체량과 일당증체량은 fish oil의 첨가에 관계없이 비슷한 결과를 보였다. Fish oil의 첨가는 배최장근의 단백질, 지방 및 회분 함량에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 배최장근의 isoleucine 및 glycine 함량은 fish oil의 첨가로 감소되었으나(p<0.05), cystein 함량은 증가되었다(p<0.05). Fish oil의 첨가는 배최장근의 myristic acid 및 eicosenoic acid 함량은 감소시켰으나(p<0.05), oleic acid 및 arachidonic acid 함량은 증가시켰다(p<0.05). 또한 배최장근의 EPA 및 DHA 함량은 fish oil의 첨가로 증가되었다(p<0.05). 도체중, 등지방두께, 배최장근단면적, 육량지수 및 육량등급은 fish oil의 첨가에 관계없이 두 처리구간에 유사한 경향을 보였다. 육색은 fish oil의 첨가로 개선되었으며 (p<0.05), 육질 1등급 이상 출현두수는 fish oil의 첨가로 증가하는 결과를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과에서 한우거세우에 대한 fish oil의 첨가는 쇠고기의 지방산 중에서 풍미 및 기호성에 관여하는 oleic acid 함량, 인간의 건강과 관련이 있는 EPA 및 DHA 함량 및 육질 1등급 이상 출현두수를 증가시키는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2006년도 정기총회 및 제37차 춘계 국제학술발표대회
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• pp.90-93
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• 2006

Our results indicate that muscle temperature and glycolysis rate of pre-rigor could be closely related to Hanwoo beef tenderness at 24 h postmortem and have potential to predict beef tenderness at 24 h postmortem.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1483-1503
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• 2011

To advance the effectiveness of the current Hanwoo improvement system, we developed a general simulation that compared a series of breeding schemes under realistic user circumstances. We call this system the Integrated General Model (IGM) and it allows users to control the breeding schemes and selection methods by manipulating the input parameters. The Current Hanwoo Performance and Progeny Test (CHPPT) scheme was simulated with a Modified Hanwoo Performance and Progeny Test (MHPPT) scheme using a Hanwoo Breeding Farm cow population of the Livestock Improvement Main Center (LOMC) of the National Agricultural Cooperatives Federation (NACF). To compare the two schemes, a new method, the Simple Hanwoo Performance Test (SHPT), which uses ultrasound technology for measuring the carcass traits of live animals, was developed. These three models, including the CHPPT, incorporated three types of selection criteria: phenotype (PH), true breeding value (TBV), and estimated breeding value (EBV). The simulation was scheduled to mimic an actual Hanwoo breeding program; thus, the simulation was run to include the years 1983-2020 for each breeding method and was replicated 10 times. The parameters for simulation were derived from the literature. Approximately 642,000 animals were simulated per replication for the CHPPT scheme; 129,000 animals were simulated for the MHPPT scheme and 112,000 animals for the SHPT scheme. Throughout the 38-year simulation, all estimated parameters of each simulated population, regardless of population size, showed results similar to the input parameters. The deviations between input and output values for the parameters in the large populations were statistically acceptable. In this study, we integrated three simulated models, including the CHPPT, in an attempt to achieve the greatest genetic gains within major economic traits including body weight at 12 months of age (BW12), body weight at 24 months of age (BW24), average daily gain from 6 to 12 months (ADG), carcass weight (CWT), carcass longissimus muscle area (CLMA), carcass marbling score (CMS), ultrasound scanned longissimus muscle area (ULMA), and ultrasound scanned marbling score (UMS).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.847-860
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• 2006

본 시험은 n-6 및 n-3 계열 다중불포화지방산 함량이 풍부한 사료원을 Charolais 거세우에게 각각 사료 급여기간을 달리하여 급여하였을 때 근내 지방산 조성을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 시험 수행은 영국 IGER (Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research) 연구소 육우 사양실험실에서 실시 하였으며, 공시축은 총 28두 Charolais 거세우로서 ad libitum으로 조사료 급여를 하였다. 그리고, 두 개의 지방원료원으로서 C18:2 n-6 함량이 풍부한 대두와 C18:3 n-3함량이 풍부한 아마종실을 60일 및 90일간 공급하였으며, 농후사료는 총 건물섭취의 73%으로 하였다. 도체중, conformation 및 fatness score는 60일 사료급여구와 비교하여 90일 사료급여구에서 높게 조사되었다(P<0.05). 공시축의 m. longissimus thoracis의 중성지방내 총지방산 함량은 지방원료원에 의한 영향은 없었지만, 반면에 인지질 내 총지방산 함량은 아마종실 급여구에 대략 15% 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 근육 중성지방 내 C18:3 n-3와 cis-9, trans-11 CLA 함량은 아마종실급여구에 유의성있게 높게 조사되었으며(P<0.001), 반면에 C18:2 n-6 함량은 대두 급여구에서 높았다 (P<0.001). 근육 인지질 내 CLA와 C18:3 함량은 아마종실급여구에 높게 나타났으며, C18:2 n-6 함량은 대두 급여구에 높았다. 한편, 근육 중성지방 내 C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, CLA, C18:1 n-9, C18:2 n-6 및 C18:3 n-3 함량은 90일 사료급여구에서 높게 조사되었다. 근내 불포화지방산:포화지방산 비율은 사료급여기간에 영향을 받지 않았지만, C18:2 n-6:C18:3 n-3 비율과 n-6:n-3 불포화지방산 비율은 아마종실 급여구에서 높게 나타났다. 따라서 본 시험은 대두 혹은 아마종실 같은 사료급여와 급여기간에 의하여 쇠고기 근내 불포화지방산 함량을 변화 시킬 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. 그리고, 아마종실 급여는 쇠고기 내 지방산 함량이 조성이 인체 건강과 관련한 영양적 지표에 보다 바람직한 것으로 증명되었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2007

본 연구는 숙성온도와 숙성기간이 한우 거세우 배최장근의 육질 특성에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 숙성온도를 0, $4^{\circ}C$로 하여 2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 49일 동안 숙성하면서 한우 거세우 배최장근의 pH, 전단력, MFI, 가열 및 육즙감량, 전자현미경 관찰, 관능검사 및 아미노산 조성을 분석하였다. pH는 숙성온도가 $0^{\circ}C$일 때 숙성 21일까지, 숙성온도가 $4^{\circ}C$일 때 숙성 14일까지 증가하다가 감소하였다(p<0.05). 전단력 값은 숙성 14일부터 28일까지 $4^{\circ}C$에서 숙성한 배최장근이 $4^{\circ}C$보다 유의적으로 낮았고, 숙성기간이 경과함에 따라 유의적으로 연도가 향상되었다(p<0.05). MFI의 경우 $4^{\circ}C$에서 숙성한 배최장근 보다 $0^{\circ}C$에서 높은 경향을 보였고, 숙성기간이 경과함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). $0^{\circ}C$에서 숙성한 배최장근의 가열 및 육즙감량이 $4^{\circ}C$보다 적은 경향이었고, 숙성기간이 경과함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 관능검사에서 연도와 다즙성은 $0^{\circ}C$에서 숙성한 배최장근이 $4^{\circ}C$ 보다 좋은 평가를 보였고, 숙성기간이 경과하면서 유의적으로 높은 평가를 얻었다(p<0.05). 전자현미경에 의한 미세구조 변화는 $4^{\circ}C$에서 숙성한 배최장근이 $0^{\circ}C$보다 1주일 빠르게 Z-disk의 붕괴가 확실하게 관찰되었고, 숙성기간이 경과하면서 Z-disk의 붕괴정도가 많아졌다. 아미노산 함량 변화는 $4^{\circ}C$에서 숙성한 배최장근이 $0^{\circ}C$보다 높은 경향이었고, 숙성기간이 경과하면서 각 아미노산 조성의 함량이 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 한우 거세우 등심의 최적 숙성 조건은 $0^{\circ}C$에서는 14일간, $4^{\circ}C$에서는 7일간 숙성하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 사료되며, 향후 숙성기술의 산업적 적용을 위하여 한우의 부위 및 근육별 적정 숙성기간 설정 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2001

The effects of light exposure and light intensity on surface color of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) beef and color stability of fresh normal and DFD (dark, firm, dry) muscles during 7 days at $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ under three display conditions (Dark, Light1000 and Light3000) were investigated. The $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, $C^*$ values and R630-R580 were significantly (p<0.05) higher in normal beef than in DFD beef. The $a^*$, $b^*$, $c^*$ values and R630-R580 of normal beef increased during the first day of display except Light3000 group, then gradually decreased over time. The surfaces of Hanwoo beef accumulated more metmyoglobin in the light than in the dark. Also, the rate of decrease in redness during refrigerated storage was enhanced by light exposure and increase in light intensity. Discolorations were more rapid in DFD beef than normal beef. Increasing light intensity promoted not only discoloration but also lipid oxidation. Therefore storage in the dark is effective in retarding the formation of a brown color in Hanwoo beef.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.468-474
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• 2006

Real time ultrasound data was generated on 10,596 live Hanwoo cows to study genetic variation on ultrasonic beef quality traits and to assess the best model to estimate genetic parameters on these traits. Pedigree stacking and data validation was done using the SAS statistical software and the genetic parameter estimates were obtained by EM-REML algorithm. Out of the five different multi-trait mixed animal models constructed, the optimal model included fixed effects of herd, year-season-appraisal, body condition score, linear and quadratic covariates for chest girth, the linear covariate effect of age and the random animal and residual effect of the five models studied. The heritability of longissimus muscle area (LMA), $12^{th}$ rib measurement of back fat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS) was 0.11, 0.17 and 0.15, respectively. Genetic correlation of LMA vs. BF, LMA vs. MS and BF vs. MS was -0.15, 0.06 and 0.61, respectively. The results showed presence of genetic variation in these ultrasonic beef quality traits in Hanwoo cows and suggest that the selection of Hanwoo cows may be possible by performing ultrasonic scans on live animals, which will ultimately be helpful in reducing the generation interval and the cost of selection procedure.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1594-1600
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• 2010

A study was conducted to determine the dietary effects of a clay mineral (sodium bentonite, NaB) on manure gas emission, health, production, and meat characteristics of Hanwoo steers. Two diets fed to steers included a control diet (concentrate mix and rice straw) and a treatment diet (control diet+1.0% clay mineral/concentrate mix). Dietary NaB addition considerably reduced concentrations of gases ($H_2S$, $SO_2$ and $NH_3$) in the manure of Hanwoo steers. Growing steers fed NaB had similar blood profiles with the exception of lower (p<0.05) concentrations of blood alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. Dietary NaB addition tended to increase (p = 0.10) live weight by 30 kg at slaughtering and did not affect carcass yield and quality traits. Dietary NaB addition increased concentrations of P (p<0.01), Mg (p<0.01), Na (p<0.01), Zn (p<0.005), K (p = 0.08), Fe (p = 0.08) and Cu (p = 0.07) in the longissimus muscle compared to the control but did not affect (p>0.05) fatty acid composition. The study demonstrated that the dietary addition of a clay mineral could be effective in improving mineral bioavailability to Hanwoo steers, which could be one of the reasons for their improved performance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.457-462
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to detect QTL for carcass quality on bovine chromosome (BTA) 6 using a high density SNP map in a Hanwoo population. The data set comprised 45 sires and their 427 Hanwoo steers that were born between spring of 2005 and fall of 2007. The steers that were used for progeny testing in the Hanwoo Improvement Center in Seosan, Korea, were genotyped with the 2,535SNPs on BTA6 that were embedded in the Illumina bovine SNP 50K chip. Four different linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping models were applied to detect significant SNPs for carcass quality traits; the fixed model with a single marker, the random model with a single marker, the random model with haplotype effects using two adjacent markers, and the random model at hidden state. A total of twelve QTL were detected, for which four, one, three and four SNPs were detected on BTA6 under the respective models (p<0.001). Among the detected QTL, four, two, five and one QTL were associated with carcass weight, backfat thickness, longissimus dorsi muscle area, and marbling score, respectively (p<0.001). Our results suggest that the use of multiple LD mapping approaches may be beneficial in increasing power to detect QTL given a limited sample size and magnitude of QTL effect.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1541-1546
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• 2016

Four carcass traits, namely carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BF), and marbling score (MS), are the main price decision parameters used for purchasing Hanwoo beef. The development of DNA markers for these carcass traits for use in a beef management system could result in substantial profit for beef producers in Korea. The objective of this study was to validate the association of highly significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in a previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) with the four carcass traits in a commercial Hanwoo population. We genotyped 83 SNPs distributed across all 29 autosomes in 867 steers from a Korean Hanwoo feedlot. Six SNPs, namely ARS-BFGL-NGS-22774 (Chr4, Pos:4889229), ARS-BFGL-NGS-100046 (Chr6, Pos:61917424), ARS-BFGL-NGS-39006 (Chr27, Pos:38059196), ARS-BFGL-NGS-18790 (Chr10, Pos:26489109), ARS-BFGL-NGS-43879 (Chr9, Pos:39964297), and BTB-00775794 (Chr20, Pos:20476265), were found to be associated with CW, EMA, BF, and MS. The ARS-BFGL-NGS-22774, BTB-00775794, and ARS-BFGL-NGS-39006 markers accounted for 1.80%, 1.72%, and 1.35% (p<0.01), respectively, of the phenotypic variance in the commercial Hanwoo population. Many genes located in close proximity to the significant SNPs identified in this study were previously reported to have roles in carcass traits. The results of this study could be useful for marker-assisted selection programs.