• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.413-422
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• 2011

We have used a multifactor dimensionality reduction(MDR) method to study the major gene interaction effect in general; however, without application of the MDR method in continuous data. In light of this, many methods have been suggested such as Expanded MDR, Dummy MDR and SVM MDR. In this paper, we compare the two methods of SVM MDR and D-MDR. In addition, we identify the gene-gene interaction effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) associated with economic traits in Hanwoo(Korean cattle). Lastly, we discuss a new method in consideration of the advantages that the other methods present.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 2001

Bovine ${\beta}1$-adrenergic receptor (AR) cDNA was cloned using degenerative primers. Bovine ${\beta}1$-AR coded for 467 amino acids and the comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with that of sheep showed 93.4% identity. Northern blot analysis indicated that transcript size for the bovine ${\beta}1$-AR was 3.6 kb in the adipose tissue. The expression level of three $\beta$-ARs (1, 2, and 3) in bovine abdominal, subcutaneous, and perirenal adipose tissues were examined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the levels of ${\beta}1$- and ${\beta}3$-AR mRNA were found to be lower in the subcutaneous adipose tissue than in the abdominal and perirenal adipose tissues. These results suggest that the expression of $\beta$-ARs mRNA are differentially regulated among the adipose tissues.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.171-178
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• 2009

In order to make the high quality Korean cattle, it has been identified the gene which influence to various economic characters. In this paper, we introduce Restricted Partition Method for gene-gene interaction analysis. Further, economic traits, longissimus muscle dorsi area (LMA), carcass cold weight (CWT) and average daily gain (ADG) are applied with Restricted Partition Method (RPM). The SNP (19_1)$^*$SNP (28_2) was selected and was best marker on Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). It also influenced SNP (19_1)$^*$SNP (28_2) was an very important marker for economic character and to make the thing know it became.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.205-211
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• 2010

Fifty young calves, about five to six months old purchased from nation-wide were investigated with the prevelance of neutralizing antibody (Ab) of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), parainfluenza 3 virus ($PI_{3}V$), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). The positive detection ratio of neutralizing Ab against IBRV was only 3% and two of positive samples showed low antibody titer (below 2). Ab against BRSV showed 48% of positive ratio and among 24 positive samples, antibody titer of 23 samples were below 3. But in the case of BVDV, 68% of samples were positive and 23 samples appeared to possess high antibody titer, above 4 and the antibody titer of five samples were above 8. The highest positive result came from $PI_{3}V$. The positive ratio in the samples investigated in this study was 72%, but the antibody titer of positive samples were generally below 3 (77.8% in positive samples).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.279-282
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• 2002

Twenty six male Hanwoo (Korean cattle) carcasses were measured for pH, temperature and instrumental color changes of loins during 24 h post-mortem carcass chilling at $4^{\circ}C$ in the cooler. The average internal temperature of loins was about $5^{\circ}C$ after 24 h of chilling, and with the exclusion of those with an ultimate pH>6.0 (dark-cutters), the average pH value was 5.5. When all carcasses were considered for the partial correlation coefficient between color and pH, with the temperature effect excluded, CIE $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ seemed to be affected significantly by pH during chilling process (p<0.001). However, when carcasses with dark-cutting condition were excluded, the correlation coefficients were much lower. In contrast, when the partial correlation coefficients between color and temperature, excluding the effect of pH on them, were analyzed, the relationship between color and temperature did not change much after values of DFD (dark, firm, dry) beef were excluded. The results suggested that the known interrelationship of color and pH in chilled beef loins be mainly due to the influence of temperature on pH and color.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of hormones, protein sources and anti-oxidants on in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization(IVF) of bovine follicular oocytes. The rates of Holstein follicular oocytes classified as grade A and B(50.2% and 33.2%) were higher than those of Hanwoo cattle(40.3% and 32.0%, P<0.05). The cumulus cell expansion rates of oocytes cultured in TCM-199 and Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with 10% FCS and hormones were higher (81.9~87.6%) than those of non-treated groups (74.5~81.7%). The fertilization rates of oocytes cultured in TCM-199 and Ham's F-10 medim supplemented with 10% FCS, 1% BSA and 10% bFF was 53.8~55.0%, 51.4~52.6%, and 47.0~50.0%, respectively. The polyspermy rates was 13.6~14.2%, 10.0~11.1%, and 10.0%, respectively. When the oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 and Ham's F-10 medium with 50${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ $\alpha$-tocopherol, the fertilization rates was 62.0 and 60.2%, respectively. In the maturation medium added of 100${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ cysteamine, the fertilization rates was 64.7 and 66.7%, respectively. The fertilization and polyspermy rates of treated groups were higher than those of non-treated group. The results show that hormones, protein sources and anti-oxidants can provide a benefit for in vitro maturation and fertilization of bovine follicular oocytes.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.157-164
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• 2014

Clostridium chauvoei is the etiologic agent of blackleg, a high mortality rated disease infection mainly cattle. In the present study, the partial sequences of 16S rRNA and flagellin gene of C. chauvoei isolated in Jeonbuk, Korea were determined and compared with those of reference strain. Oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify a 811 bp fragment of 16S rRNA gene and 1229 bp fragment of flagellin gene. Sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA gene showed high homology to the reference strains ranging 82.3% to 100%, while flagellin gene were different from published foreign clostridia, showing 98.7% to 72.0% nucleotide sequence homology. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene revealed the close phylogenetic relationship of C. chauvoei and C. septicum in cluster I, which includes C. carnis, C. tertium, C. quinii, C. celatum, C. perfringens, C. absonum, C. botulinum B. Phylogentic analysis also revealed that flagellin gene formed a single cluster with C. chauvoei, C. septicum, C. novyi A, C. novyi B, C. tyrobutylicum, C. acetobutylicum. The genetic informations obtained from this study could be useful for the molecular study of C. chauvoei.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.139-146
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• 2014

This research was conducted to examine the temporal methane ($CH_4$) and nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emission trends in livestock agriculture from year 1990 to 2011 with Tier 1 national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory reporting method, which was related to efforts of decreasing GHG emissions and to achievement of voluntary GHG mitigation target. Methane emissions from enteric fermentation were calculated with default $CH_4$ emission factors of IPCC. Methane and $N_2O$ emissions from manure treatment processes were calculated with Tier 1 and mixture of Tier 1 and Tier 2 including $N_2O$ emission factors of manure treatment systems and nitrogen excretion rate of livestock, respectively. According to 2013 National GHG Inventory Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification report, GHG emission fluctuations from enteric fermentation and manure treatment processes were similarto livestock head fluctuation. GHG emissions from enteric fermentation were mainly affected by beef cattle including Hanwoo, while manure treatment processes were affected by various livestock.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.467-474
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• 2012

Human diseases and livestock economic traits are not typically the result of variation of a single genetic locus, but are rather the result of interplay between interactions among multiple genes and a variety of environmental exposures. We have used linear regression model for adjusted environmental effects and multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method to identify gene-gene interaction effect of statistical model in general. Of course, we use 5 SNPs (single uncleotide polymorphism) which were studied recently by Oh et al. (2011). We apply the MDR (multifactor demensionality reduction) method on the identify major interaction effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms responsible for economic traits in a Korean cattle population.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2015

Alteration in ion channel or transporter expression levels affects cell volume which is produced by movement of water and ion across the plasma membrane. In particular, aquaporin (AQP) channels among ion channels play a crucial role in movement of water across the cell membrane. This study was performed to identify whether AQP expression is changed in bovine follicular cystic follicles using microarray, RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses. In microarray data, AQP4 expression was decreased, whereas AQP7 was increased in cystic follicles. Additional experiments were focused on the AQP7 expression increased in cystic follicles. The microarray data was confirmed by semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analysis. AQP7 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly increased in the cystic follicles (p<0.05). Application of estrogen ($10{\mu}g/ml$) to bovine ovarian cells showed a trend of increase in AQP7 expression. From these results, we suggest that the increase in AQP7 expression in cystic follicles may play an important role in movement of water in bovine ovary. In addition, AQP7, a aquaglyceroporin permeating water and glycerol, could be a good target in development of methods for the cryopreservation of bovine ovary.