• 한국의류학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.716-724
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the washing methods specified on care labels of blue jeans and to examine the appropriateness of the specification. In the study, the present condition of care labels on 100% cotton blue jeans was investigated and the consumers' washing methods of blue jeans were surveyed. Also, the shrinkage of blue jeans after washing was measured. The major results were as follows: 1. In spite of the fact that same materials of 100% cotton denim were used in all cases, washing signs on care labels showed very differently and the symbols of hand wash, using light duty detergent, no wring, drying in shade, and warm ironing with a covering cloth were demanding too high level of care for the protection of blue jeans. 2. Almost all consumers didn't follow instructions proposed on care labels because they didn't anticipate problem. In reality, most consumers washed blue jeans by machine in cold water with heavy duty detergent at standard course, dried under the sun, and didn't iron. The 40.8% of consumers didn't have problems even if they didn't follow instructions. Most problems happened after washing were shrinkage in length, but in shrinkage test after 15 times washings, it was found that there was no serious shrinkage problem. 3. For ideal care of blue jean, it is necessary for manufacturers to recognize the importance of care label and to stick correct appropriate care label. Also, consumers have to trust and follow instructions on care label.

• 분석과학
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2017

흰색 면(cotton), 폴리에스터(polyester), 레이온(rayon), 나일론(nylon) 천(fabric)에 혈액이 흡수 및 침투되는 특성을 연구하였다. 두께와 직조방법(직물 및 편물)이 다양한 천을 두 번 접어서 천이 4개 층으로 되도록 한 후 여기에 $100{\mu}L$의 혈액을 떨어뜨리고, 이 혈액이 천으로 침투되는 특성을 관찰하였다. 그 결과 혈액이 침투되는 천의 층 수 및 혈액의 모양은 실험에 사용한 천의 섬유 성분, 두께, 직조방법에 따라 달라진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 혈액을 묻힌 천을 3일 동안 건조한 후 수돗물을 이용해 손빨래하고, 천에 남아있는 잠재혈흔을 Lumiscene으로 증강하여 혈액이 천에 부착되었던 모습과 대조하였다. 그 결과 천의 종류에 따라 혈흔이 세탁되는 특성이 다르게 나타났다. 또한 혈액이 침투되었던 곳의 형광이 주변의 형광보다 강하게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 세탁 과정에서 혈액이 물리적으로 문질러져서 원래 혈액이 부착된 모습과 다른 모습의 형광을 관찰할 가능성이 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 천에 부착된 혈흔을 건조시키는 시간에 따른 세탁특성도 관찰하였다. 다양한 천에 $100{\mu}L$의 혈액을 떨어뜨린 후, 0, 1, 12, 24, 72시간 및 7일 동안 건조하고, 이 천을 세탁한 후 Lumiscene으로 혈흔을 증강하였다. 그 결과 폴리에스터를 제외한 모든 천에서 혈액을 건조하는 시간이 길어질수록 혈흔의 형광이 강하게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 천에 따라서는 혈흔을 7일 동안 건조하면 혈액이 부착되었던 곳보다 그 주변에서 형광이 더 강하게 나타나는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the content related to nosocomial infection control in the course on Fundamentals of Nursing. Method: Participants were 49 faculty who were teaching courses in Fundamentals of Nursing in universities and colleges in Korea. The questionnaire was composed of 55 items related to nosocomial infection control. Results: Eighteen items out of 55 items were taught in more than 80% of the universities and colleges. These included principles of infection control, principles and effect of hand washing, method of hand washing, hand scrubs, and donning sterile gown and gloves. Conclusion: The most effective interventions for infection control: including asepsis, hand washing, infection control for urinary catheterization, and infection control for IV sites were taught in most universities and colleges. However, the time assigned for teaching these items and the importance placed on practice were not considered sufficient.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.322-334
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify factors related to compliance with respiratory infection preventive behaviors including hand washing, cough etiquette, and oral hygiene of older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 100 older adults (mean age: $76.11{\pm}6.35$ years, female: 86.0%). Data were collected from a community senior center through face to face interviews by using instruments including measuring knowledge, perceived threat, self-efficacy, compliance with respiratory infection preventive behaviors. Results: The mean score of knowledge was 7.52 out of 13 in total. The compliance with hand washing with soap was 6.0% for 8 or more times per day. Among the participants, 12.0% adhered to the cough etiquette. Sixty-two older adults (62.0%) didn't use interdental brushes or floss at all. The stepwise linear regression indicated that age and self-efficacy for respiratory infection preventive behaviors were significant factors and explained 24.0% of the compliance with hand washing and the cough etiquette. Education level, cancer diagnosis, and self-efficacy for respiratory infection preventive behaviors were significant predictors of oral hygiene. The factor with the greatest effect was self-efficacy in the two models. Conclusion: The findings suggest that it is necessary to improve compliance with respiratory infection preventive behaviors among older adults using senior centers. In order to enhance the compliance, it is necessary to develop nursing programs based on the self-efficacy for respiratory infection preventive behaviors in the senior centers.

• 한국의상디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의상디자인학회 2004년도 International Conference & Exhibition
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• pp.121-125
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• 2004

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1993

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.186-197
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate nurses' knowledge of, and compliance with the multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection control guidelines. Methods: A survey questionnaire was developed based on the institutional and national guidelines and was administered to a convenience sample of 306 nurses in a university hospital. Results: The mean score for knowledge was 33.87 (percentage of correct answers: 82.61%). The percentages of correct answers for basic concepts, route of transmission, hand washing/protective devices and environment management were 74.27%, 94.29%, 92.90% and 75.54% respectively. The mean compliance score was 4.15 (range: 1-5). The compliance scores for education, communication, contact precaution, disinfection, surveillance culture, and hand washing were 3.29, 4.05, 4.20, 4.50, 4.40 and 4.48 respectively. Nurses indicated "lack of time (30.06%)", "lack of means (10.78%)" and "lack of knowledge (9.48%)" as reasons for noncompliance. Conclusion: While most educational programs have focused on hand washing or use of protective devices to prevent transmission of MDRO in acute care settings, hospital nurses' knowledge of the basic concepts of MDRO and environmental management has remained insufficient. Nurses are relatively non-compliant to the guidelines in the areas of education (staff, patient, family) and communication. Comprehensive educational programs are needed to decrease hospital infection rates and to improve the health of patients.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2008

Purpose: To examine the effects on skin injury, pain, and anxiety when nurses and children simultaneous wash their hands before IV injections. Method: A nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design study was used with 61 children. For a month and a half, children in the experimental group(30) following hand-washing guidelines, washed their hands with nurses before IV insertion. Anxiety and pain were observed and recorded during IV insertion using the Anxiety Reaction Scale and FACES pain scale. After 48-72 hours on IV therapy with an arm-board, skin condition was checked by a research assistant according to guidelines for assessing skin injury developed by the researcher. t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, Pearson correlation, and Kendall's tau b were used to analyze data with the SPSS program. Results: Children who washed their hands with the nurse before IV insertion showed less pain (p =.021) and skin injury (p <.001) compared to the control group. Conclusion: This finding suggests that simultaneous hand washing by nurse and child before IV injection has a strong effect on skin injury caused by arm-boards used to maintain IV therapy as well as on pain during IV insertion. This program demonstrates an effective intervention to prevent skin injuries in children on IV therapy.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to investigate knowledge of and compliance with the multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection control guidelines among student nurses on clinical practicum, Methods: survey questionnaire on MORO infection control was administered to a convenience sample of 259 nursing students from 3 different nursing schools Results: The mean knowledge score was 28.01/39 (71.82%). The percentages of correct answers for basic concepts, route of transmission, hand washing/ protective devices and environment management, were 55.40, 81.14, 84.94 and 69.17 respectively. The mean compliance score was 3.83/5. The compliance scores for education, communication, contact precaution, environment management, and hand washing were 3.06, 3.33, 3.86, 4.50, 3.92 and 4.29 respectively. 96.9% of subjects knew that they should wash hands after touching MORO patient while only 22.8% of subjects knew how to collect samples for VRE surveillance culture, The highest compliant item was hand washing after touching MORO patient. The Lo-west compliant item was referring to infection control manual. Conclusion: Comprehensive MDRO infection control education programs for nursing students should be developed to decrease MORO infection.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.831-838
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the perception and practice of the infection control by empowerment in the dental hygienists. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 200 dental hygienists in Gyeongbuk from January 3 to February 20, 2013. Data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program. The instrument of impowerment was adapted from Spreitzer and consisted of 12 questions including meaning(4 questions), competency(4 questions), self-decision(4 questions), and impact(4 questions). Impowerment was score by Likert 5 scale and higher score means higher impowerment. The instrument for hand washing recognition and practice was adapted from Kim and consisted of hand washing(5 questions), personal protective clothing management(5 questions), contaminated appliance management(3 questions), sterilization(3 questions), and infection control environment(8 questions). The empowerment instrument was score by Likert 5 scale and the mean was 3.83 points. Based on 3.83, infection control recognition and practice were divided into upper group and lower group. Cronbach alpha was 0.951 in empowerment, 0.931 in recognition, and 0.924 in practice in the study. Results: Based on the average points of 3.83, the groups were divided into two groups including upper group and lower group. The upper group showed higher score in hand washing than the lower group. In the protective clothing management, the upper group changed the mask at one-hour interval(p<0.001). Conclusions: In the viewpoint of empowerment, it had a significant influence on the perception and practice of the dental infection control in the dental hygienists.