• 펄프종이기술
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.56-60
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• 2016

Neutral or alkaline papermaking provides many advantages in paper strength and processing conditions. It also provides the opportunity of using calcium carbonate fillers in papermaking. These diverse advantages have made almost all paper machines of printing and writing papers run under neutral and alkaline conditions. On the other hand, linerboard machines, which use recycled papers as a raw material, are running under acid conditions using a rosin sizing system. Because the recycled raw materials used by the linerboard industry contain significant amounts of alkaline papers, the linerboard industry has an interest in the possibility of using the neutral or alkaline papermaking opportunity. In this study, the compatibility of the recycled linerboards under neutral or alkaline papermaking conditions was examined by recycling them under various pH conditions. The sizing degree of the papers recycled under neutral or alkaline was significantly lower than that of acid formed papers indicating that during the neutral or alkaline recycling process the rosin sized papers lost their sizing efficiency. Recycling of acid formed linerboards under neutral or alkaline conditions increased the amount of foam, and the foam contained substantial amount of solid materials derived from the acid sizing systems. Use of cationic polyelectrolytes including PEI and poly-DADMAC improved the sizing degree of the recycled papers under neutral and alkaline conditions. PEI decreased the foam generation as well while poly-DADMAC did not show any reducing effect of the foam. These results suggest that PEI forms coordinate bonds with rosin acid and precipitate them onto the surface of recycled fibers, while the reaction products between poly-DADMAC and rosin acid ions still remain water soluble under neutral or alkaline conditions.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.496-502
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 영상처리를 통해 GUI를 기반으로 산업용 디지털 기기의 측정값을 인식하고 기록하는 시스템을 제안하고 구현하였다. 제안한 시스템은 기존의 차량번호판 인식과 달리 산업용 측정기의 LCD화면에 표시되는 값은 디지털 숫자로 표시하고 있어 소수점과 마이너스 표시, LCD보호유리의 반사광등의 여러 가지 장애요인을 고려하였다. LCD화면에 표시된 숫자를 인식하기 위해 블롭 레이블링 (blob-labeling)기법을 사용하였으며, 인식한 숫자 이미지는 템플릿 매칭(template matching)을 통해 숫자가 무엇인지 판별하여, 인식한 측정값을 측정시간과 함께 저장장치에 기록하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 시스템은 산업현장에서 제품의 내외경이나 높이를 측정하고 기록할 때 수기로 작성하는 번거로움을 줄이고, 수기로 작성 시 잘못 기입하는 경우를 방지함으로써 생산 공정 과정에서 오류가 없는 효율적인 공정관리가 가능하게 하였다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 2007

본 연구의 대상자는 대구시 일부 유치원(어린이집)에 다니고 있는 유치원생 242명과 경주시 일부 유치원(어린이집)을 다니고 있는 유치원생 201명, 총 443명을 대상으로 하였다. 이들에 대한 조사는 유치원 원장님과 부모님의 동의를 받은 후 2006년 4월 3일에 일괄적으로 배부하고 부모님의 도움을 받아 설문지를 작성케 하여 5월 30일 회수 하였다. 설문지를 통하여 연구한 결과 다음과 같다. 1. 간식을 먹게 되는 이유에서는 배가고파서가 가장 높게 나타났다. 2. 간식을 선택하는 동기에서는 엄마의 권유가 가장 높게 나타났다.(대구시의 경우 61.2%로 나타났고, 경주시의 경우 63.7%로 나타났다.) 3. 간식섭취 시기에서는 점심과 저녁사이가 가장 높게 나타났다. (대구시의 경우 90.5%로 나타났고, 경주시의 경우 88.1%로 나타났다.) 4. 간식섭취 장소에서는 집에서 간식을 마련한다가 대구시와 경주시 모두 가장 높게 나타났다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2005

Hwaseonji(Korean traditional paper) used for writing and painting has been made from the mulberry bast-fiber and the short-length fiber pulps, wood pulps. However, besides wood pulps, other short-length fiber pulps also can be used instead of wood pulps. Hence, this research was carried out to make the various Hwaseonjis with the different properties, using the five kinds of short-length fiber pulps respectively. The short-length fiber pulps used in this research were softwood bleached kraft pulp(SwBKP) hardwood bleached kraft pulp(HwBKP), rice-straw bleached sulfite pulp(RsBSP), bamboo bleached kraft pulp(BbBKP) and recycled pulp from vellem paper(RP). And, the mixture ratios of the mulberry bast-fiber pulp and short-length fiber pulps were 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60 and 20:80. After various Hwaseonjis were made from different mixtures mentioned above with hand-made method, physical properties and chinese ink blot property of each paper were measured. The strengthes were the highest in the Hwaseonji made from the mixture of the mulberry bast-fiber pulp and SwBKP. However, chinese ink blot property and smoothness were better when RsBSP, BbBKP or RP were mixed into the mulberry bast-fiber pulp. As a result, the various kinds of Hwaseonjis which the users can choose based on their needs were made.

• 복식
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• 제57권10호
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• pp.156-168
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• 2007

Brands started to manufacture consumer-oriented products and look for active methods to appeal their brands to consumers, in the 1990s. As a result, actively adopting graphic design to clothing designs has recently become an important strategy among others. Graphic design has important significance in contemporary fashion design in the aspect that it has expanded the range of expressive methods by bringing over expressive methods of visual design, and has led to an increase in sales due to consumer satisfaction, but it has been vaguely handled together with textiles design, and research on the topic has been insufficient. Therefore this study aimed to clearly define the idea of graphic design based on documentary research, and analyze applying case and formative features of graphic design expressed in clothing, through case studies from 2004 to 2006, and derive the trends of graphic design expressed in contemporary fashion design. The results of this study are as follows. The common characteristics of images that reflect recent graphic design trends in fashion design are hand writing and irregular composition, and images that actively pursued these pointes were retro and craft images, and modern and sporty images reflected these graphic design trends in a comparatively passive manner. It is important to maintain style differentiation rather than indiscreetly adopting graphic design trends to clothing, and to appropriately apply trend characteristics of fashion design and other design areas. Expressive methods of design are expected to expand through appropriate application and development of graphic design, and can potentially provide a new solution to brand differentiation.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2016

Recent changes in educational paradigms that emphasize the performance or outcomes of education are redefining how learning objectives are being described as 'learning outcomes' in various academic disciplines. Medical education is not an exception to this trend. However, it has come to our attention that the key concepts and appropriate descriptions of learning outcomes have not been well understood among educators and that this lack of understanding has hindered our efforts to implement the practice in the field. This study aims to provide a direction to establish and describe learning outcomes by examining previous studies that have focused on setting learning objectives as well as learning outcomes. Setting and describing learning outcomes starts from reflection on the approach of behavioral learning objectives, which overemphasizes learner's acquired knowledge, skills, and attitude in each classroom rather than actual performance. On the other hand, the learning outcome approach focuses on what the learner is able to do as a result of a learning experience. This approach is more learner-friendly and encourages students to lead and be responsible for their learning process. Learning outcomes can best be described when the relevance of actual contexts and the hierarchy of learning objectives are considered. In addition, they should be in the form of context, task, performance, and level, as well as be planned with proper assessment and feedback procedures. When these conditions are met, the learning outcome approach is beneficial to students as it presents a curriculum that is more open to learners. Despite these advantages of the learning outcome approach, there is a possible concern that setting the learning outcomes and describing them can restrict evaluation to lower cognitive skills if the concept of learning outcome is narrowly interpreted or is set too low. To avoid such narrow applications, it is important for educators to understand the comprehensiveness of the learning outcome setting and to consider long-term outcomes embedded in an organizational vision rather than only short-term behavioral outcomes.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.166-174
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• 2010

사회변화의 속도만큼 소비자들의 구매패턴이 변화함에 따라 효과적이고 경쟁력을 지닌 커뮤니케이션 수단을 찾고자 광고계는 노력하고 있다. 글자가 갖고 있는 고유한 이미지를 극대화 하고, 그 글자가 쓰이는 상황에 꼭 맞는 글꼴을 표현해 내는 캘리그래피는 조형적 차별화 방안의 하나로 여겨지고 있다. 사람의 손으로 직접 씀으로써 규격화 된 활자에서 느낄 수 없는 강한 기호와 상징성, 그리고 호소력과 아름다움, 역동적 운동감, 신비감 등을 표출 할 수 있다. 디자인분야 전 영역에 걸친 캘리그래피의 폭넓은 적용은, 디지털의 딱딱함과 차가움에 대비되는 부드러움과 따뜻한 아날로그적 서정성을 요구하는 시대적 욕구에 부응하는 것이다. 매체광고에서 캘리그래피의 활용을 강조하는 감성적 표현이 광고내용의 인지적 기능을 높이고 호감도, 주목도, 회상도 등에 긍정적 영향을 주며, 따라서 문자위주 표현이 감성적 커뮤니케이션으로서 예술적 표현기능을 가진 하나의 미디어로 문화의 중심에 자리하고 있다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2005

정보통신 단말기에서 한글을 쉽고 빠르게 입력 할 수 있는 방법을 모색하기 위해 한글 자음과 모음의 표기법 및 조합 원리를 분석하여 한글 자모 집합보다 작은 크기의 기본 자모 집합으로 한글을 입력하는 방법을 제시하였다 그 결과로 자음의 경우 기본 자음과 기능키를 이용하여 자음들을 조합하고, 모음은 8개의 기본모음으로부터 모음의 조합 원리 및 가획 원리에 의해 입력키가 할당되지 않은 모음을 조합하는 방식을 제안하였다. 특히, 유사 자소간의 에러 발생시에 지움 버튼을 사용하는 불편함을 해소하기 위해 자소간의 전환이 가능한 오류 수정 방식을 도입하였을 뿐만 아니라, 사용자가 입력 방식에 쉽게 익숙해질 수 있도록 입력방식을 다양화함으로써 사용자 편의 성 을 추구하였다 기존의 천지인, 나랏글 방식과 비교했을 때 사용자 편의성과 입력의 신속성, 에러 수정의 용이성 측면에서 매우 효율적임을 확인하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

High loading of printing and writing grades with fillers has many advantageous aspects in papermaking because it allows decreasing fiber use and reducing manufacturing cost. High loading technology, however, has some disadvantageous aspects as well. It decreases physical properties of papers, especially strength properties. The problem associated with high loading can be reduced by applying surface sizing starch solution onto paper surface. It is important to control the penetration of the surface sizing starch solution into paper web to obtain the desired property improvement. In this study, the effect of the addition of two polymers into starch solution on paper properties has been examined. PVOH and polyDADMAC were used as polymeric additives for surface sizing with oxidized starch. Viscosity of starch solutions and surface roughness of dried starch films on glass slides showed that some interactions between polymeric additives and oxidized starch have been occurred and the most extensive interaction with starch solution was obtained with high molecular weight polyDADMAC. Low molecular weight PVOH was most effective in improving folding endurance and internal bond strength. On the other hand, polymer addition showed no effect on surface strength of paper. This indicates that not the level of starch holdout but the bonding strength of starch itself has predominant influence on surface strength of paper.

• 인문언어
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• 제5권
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• pp.55-74
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• 2003

The issues concerning the nature of the attitude toward the study of national language may vary from country to country, depending on the national or racial characteristics. The problem domains and the methodologies dealing with them may vary accordingly. Ever since the Korean language was equipped with a writing system in the year of 1443 through King Sejong's long-cherished desire, investigations have been constantly made into the real nature of the language itself in pursuit of a better method for representing the spoken language in written form. This is how the study of the Korean language began to take shape. Among such investigations are Hunmin-jeong-eum(the Korean script: 1446) compiled by Jiphyon-jon, the royal office of schloarly researches, Doongguk-jeonghun-yokhun (the orthodox script of Korean: 1448), Hongmu-jeonghun-yeokhun(interlinear gloss for the Chinese script of the Ming Dynasty: 1455), An Orthodox Approach to Written Korean (1909) by the institute of the National Script, Re Standardized Spelling System (1933) by Chosun Language Society, An Authorized Dictionary of Standard Korean (1936), How to Write Borrowed Words(1940), and A Grand dictionary of Korea (1947-57). Chu Shi-Gyung's Phonetics of the Korean Script(1908), Korean Grammar(1910), and Sound Patterns of Korean(1914) were all written in this vein; so was Choi Hyun-Bae's Uri-mal-bon (the rudiments of Korean Grammar: 1929/1937). All these achievements in the study of the Korean language are the end-products of the constant endeavor to solve the issues related to the spoken and written farms of the Korean language. And this is how the uniqueness and autonomy of the language study in korea have been established. It should be borne in mind, however, that, in seeking solutions to the problems inherent in the Korean linguistic studies of foreign countries. On the contrary, they have been very active in accommodating such results. While they have set up their problem domains on the basis of the korean language, they been progressively open-minded in looking for the solutions to the problems at hand.