• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.425-429
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• 2014

Purpose: The first purpose of this study was to evaluate whether hand muscle fatigue alters sensorimotor control of the hand in healthy subjects, using hand position sense. The second objective was to assess the repositioning variables during a 7.5-min period after the fatigue protocol. Methods: Participants performed a repeated handgrip movement to induce the fatigue condition as fast as possible, until they could no longer continue. Recordings were performed before (pre-fatigue) and after the completion of the fatigue exercises (immediately: post-fatigue, after a 2.5 min recovery, after a 5 min recovery and after a 7.5 min recovery). Results: The joint reposition test of the MP joint in the post-fatigue condition showed higher reposition errors than the prefatigue condition (p<0.05). Additionally, there was a significant difference in recovery of joint reposition errors after fatiguing exercises of the hand muscle, among groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The fatigue of the hand muscles affected joint position sense by an alteration of somatosensory and proprioceptive information. Nonetheless, the effect of hand muscle fatigue was short-lived, since joint reposition errors decreased to post-fatigue values after 7.5 min of recovery.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2014

Purpose: Deficits in upper-extremity function in individuals with tetraplegia are primarily due to the loss of motor pathways. The purpose of this case report is to describe the effect of closed kinetic chain exercise using PNF on hand function and ADL of patient with incomplete spinal cord injure. Methods: Patient was a 53-year-old man with C4 tetraplegia and hand and upper extremity impairment who participated in this training intervention for 10 weeks. Results: Patient demonstrated improvements in upper extremity strength, hand function and performance of ADL. Outcome measures(ASIA motor scale, Hand power, Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function test, SCIM) were measured before and after the training program. Conclusion: The results of this case suggests that an closed kinetic chain exercise program in incomplete spinal cord injury patient may induce Hand function and ADL.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.165-174
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• 2007

The subject of this study was male apparatus gymnastics athlete who had scored high points doing basket with 1/2 turn on parallel bars. Then 3D motion analysis were used to calculate & analyse kinematic variables of Basket with 1/2 turn to Handstand. 1. The total average time spent for Basket with 1/2 turn took $2.16{\pm}.08sec$, at the downward upward phase took $.58{\pm}0.00sec$, $.23{\pm}.00sec$, at flight phase took $.28{\pm}.01sec$, at connected area phase took $.72{\pm}0.21sec$, at rotation area phase took $.35{\pm}.14sec$. To have a successful performance, there should be faster speed and velocity to rotate at the downward upward phase, then the upward velocity and height must be used adequately. Moreover, the speed must be faster at the flight connect phase to stabilize Center of Mass(CM) for the body, and must secure more time at the rotation area to have more stable performance. 2. After handstand on parallel bars while moving CM to right hand side, and It must be performed with big and magnificent performance with putting both hand's center to far away from the parallel bars. 3. Furthermore, CM must be moved fast from downwards to right hand side, and CM must be moved fast in vertical movement at upward and flight phase to avoid CM from moving back and forth, and left and right. 4. At downwards, the subject must rotate as bis as possible using hip-joint as wide as possible and at upwards, must put his body to vertical to have stable performance. While rotating or turning, it is better to do with bigger shoulder angle and have to make sure that trunk angle must be not scattered. To perform better and more positive in basket with 1/2 turn on parallel bars, the centrifugal force must be used big and fast at downward, and at upward and flight phase, downward movement must change to vertical movement as soon as possible while turning movement must happen at handstand position. Time spent must be shorten at connected area to stabilize CM and turning must be natural as possible while securing the necessary time of movement to well-balanced. Also, the body must be vertically closed from the ground.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.5 s.101
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• pp.561-566
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• 2005

This paper presents a visual tracking algorithm for the golf swing motion analysis by using the information of the pixels of video frames and movement of the golf club to solve the problem fixed center point in model based tracking method. The model based tracking method use the polynomial function for trajectory displaying of upswing and downswing. Therefore it is under the hypothesis of the no movement of the center of gravity so this method is not for the amateurs. we proposed method using the information of pixel and movement, we first detected the motion by using the information of pixel in the frames in golf swing motion. Then we extracted the club head and hand by a properties of club shaft that consist of the parallel line and the moved location of club in up-swing and down-swing. In addition, we can extract the center point of user by tracking center point of the line between center of head and both foots. And we made an experiment with data that movement of center point is big. Finally, we can track the real trajectory of club head, hand and center point by using proposed tracking algorithm.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.399-416
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate students' satisfaction with, perceived ease of movement of, and perceived fit of high school girls' uniforms according to the uniform design. "P" high school, with a one-piece dress-type uniform, and "H" high school, with a two-piece type uniform, were selected for this study. Sixty-five female students from each school participated in the study. The questionnaire was composed of 21 questions about the school uniforms' purchase behavior, design, fit, ease of movement, and modification and participants' demographic information. Students from both schools were generally satisfied with the uniform design. However, in the open-ended response section, many "P" high school students responded that the fact that the one-piece dress pulled up when sitting or raising the hand made it uncomfortable. On the other hand, "H" high school students responded that the skirt was uncomfortable, because it left the body or underwear exposed when the wind blew due to the many pleats in the skirt. In the assessment of the ease of movement, "P" high school students were more likely to describe the uniform as uncomfortable than "H" high school students. Many students responded that they modified their school uniforms, and the length of the skirt and one-piece dress was the main part that was modified. This study suggests that growing female high school students are unsatisfied with the school uniforms' design and fit. Additionally, the perceived fit and satisfaction levels depend on the uniform design.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.105.2-105
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• 2001

This paper studies continuous Korean Sign Language (KSL) recognition using color vision. In recognizing gesture words such as sign language, it is a very difficult to segment a continuous sign into individual sign words since the patterns are very complicated and diverse. To solve this problem, we disassemble the KSL into 18 hand motion classes according to their patterns and represent the sign words as some combination of hand motions. Observing the speed and the change of speed of hand motion and using state automata, we reject unintentional gesture motions such as preparatory motion and meaningless movement between sign words. To recognize 18 hand motion classes we adopt Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Using these methods, we recognize 5 KSL sentences and obtain 94% recognition ratio.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.20-28
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a hand gesture interface for the manipulation of augmented objects in 3D space using a camera. Generally a marker is used for the detection of 3D movement in 2D images. However marker based system has obvious defects since markers are always to be included in the image or we need additional equipments for controling objects, which results in reduced immersion. To overcome this problem, we replace marker by planar hand shape by estimating the hand pose. Kalman filter is for robust tracking of the hand shape. The experimental result indicates the feasibility of the proposed algorithm for hand based AR interfaces.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.5-16
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• 2008

Field monitoring data of nine sites were investigated to suggest an evaluation method on lateral movement of the quaywall on soft grounds. It was found that in order to evaluate the lateral movement of quaywalls with foundation piles such as the landing pier, the safety factor of slope should be applied with consideration of the stabilizing effect of the piles. If the required safety factor of slope is greater than 1.6 in slope stability analysis with consideration of the stabilizing effect of the piles, the quaywalls are considered to be safe against lateral movement. On the other hand, for the gravity-type quaywalls such as the caisson type quaywall, the required safety factor of slope should be greater than 1.3.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2012

The purpose of the present study was to compare and analyze differences in job satisfaction and quality of life in relation to the use of movement assisters among workers with severe and slight external physical disabilities and to analyze the effect of job satisfaction on the quality of life of disabled persons who use movement assisters. First, severely disabled persons who used movement assisters showed higher degrees of satisfaction with their work content, working environments, working hours, possibilities for development, communication, and human relations. On the other hand, slightly disabled persons who used movement assisters showed higher degrees of satisfaction only with their working environments. Second, severely disabled persons who used movement assisters perceived a higher quality of life in the areas of family, residence, and work. Slightly disabled persons who used movement assisters perceived a higher quality of life only in the area of family. Third, workers with external physical disabilities who used movement assisters had positive effects on their quality of life arising from job satisfaction in relation to income, job stability, working environments, working hours, possibilities for job development, communication, and human relations that is, a higher job satisfaction was correlated with a higher perceived quality of life.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.206-214
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• 2011

The premise of this study is that an ultimate objective in planning an exhibition space is visitors' experiences created by a result of their first-hand experiences and responses within an exhibition space, and this result can be recognized in the visitors' movement. Thus, the exhibition layout that can directly affects viewers' main line of flow and movement patterns was examined vis--vis a mutually complementary relation in a triangular composition with the structure of exhibition space and the exhibition contents. This study, with the subjects of standing exhibit halls of Gwacheon National Science Museum, Daejeon National Science Museum, and Tokyo National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation, analyzed 'the correlation between the configuration of the exhibition area and the visitors' movement. The targeted subjects were analyzed from the perspectives of type of architectural space and organization of the exhibition method, and the purpose of this study was to find a spatial evidence to predict the spectator movement formed within the exhibition halls of science museums. The main indicators used are: Based on the investigation/analysis as described above, the following conclusion could be drawn. Diversity of exhibition environment and spectator movement: besides the two big categories of the types of architectural space and types of exhibition method, the construction of vertical circulation and size and shape of the exhibition space, distribution characteristics of exhibition medium, organization of symbolic space and such other diverse organizations and combinations of exhibition environment are implied to have the capability to alter the scope and degree of predicting spectator movement. As an example, the types of architectural space comprising the wide-area viewing circulation was found to be able to change the system of planar circulation according to the composition of vertical circulation. Along with this, it was implied that the format of architectural space influences the form of the exhibition space, and may also act as a factor directly influencing the diversity and arrangement of the exhibition methods. That is, the spatial elements comprising the exhibition environment acts inter-complexly, and exhibits characteristics of limiting or controlling spectator movement.