• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.230-236
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• 2022

This study was carried out to produce two-flowered seedlings, harvest them early in a greenhouse, and extend the harvest period. This study was carried out to effectively produce the second truss blooming seedlings to harvest tomatoes early and extend the harvest period. For production of the second truss blooming seedlings (one stem), the nutrient solution EC was supplied at 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 dS·m^-1, and dynamic management (3.0 → 3.5 → 4.5 dS·m^-1). The seedling period was 60 days, which was 20-40 days longer than conventional seedlings, and 10 days longer than the first truss blooming seedlings (cube seedlings). The plant height was 78 and 77 cm in EC 2.5 dS·m^-1 and dynamic management respectively, which was shorter than EC 1.5 dS·m^-1 with 88 cm. As for the EC in the cube before formulation, dynamic management had the highest EC 5.5 dS·m^-1, and the cube supplied with EC 1.5 dS·m^-1 had the lowest. The production yield by treatment did not a difference among in the second truss blooming seedlings, but the first truss blooming seedlings showed lower productivity than second truss blooming seedlings. The second truss blooming seedling were harvested 35 days after planting on June 4, the first harvest date, and the first truss blooming were harvested in 42 days on June 11th. There was no difference in plant height and root growth due to bending at frequency planting. In the study on the production of the second truss blooming seedlings (two stem), the nutrient solution EC was supplied under 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 dS·m^-1, and dynamic management (3.0 → 3.5 → 4.5 dS·m^-1). The seedling period was 90 days, which was 40-50 days longer than conventional seedlings and 10 days longer than the first truss blooming seedlings (cube seedlings). Plant height was 80 and 81 cm in EC 2.0 dS·m^-1 and 2.5 dS·m^-1 respectively, but was the shortest at 73 cm in dynamic management. EC in the medium increased as the seeding period increased in all treatments. The dynamic management was the highest with EC 5.1 dS·m^-1. There was no difference in yield among EC treatments in the second truss blooming seedlings, which had a longer seeding period of about 10 days, produced 15% more than the first truss blooming seedlings. In order to shorten the plant height of the second truss blooming seedlings, it is judged that the most efficient method is increasing the concentration of nutrient solution.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.376-383
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• 2022

The current study, which consisted of two independent studies (laboratory and greenhouse), was carried out to project the hypothesis fungi-spray scheduling for leaf mold and gray leaf spot in tomato, as well as to evaluate the effect of temperature and leaf wet duration on the effectiveness of different fungicides against these diseases. In the first experiment, tomato leaves were infected with 1 × 10⁴ conidia·mL^-1 and put in a dew chamber for 0 to 18 hours at 10 to 25℃ (Fulvia fulva) and 10 to 30℃ (Stemphylium lycopersici). In farm study, tomato plants were treated for 240 hours with diluted (1,000 times) 30% trimidazole, 50% polyoxin B, and 40% iminoctadine tris (Belkut) for protection of leaf mold, and 10% etridiazole + 55% thiophanate-methyl (Gajiran), and 15% tribasic copper sulfate (Sebinna) for protection of gray leaf spot. In laboratory test, leaf condensation on the leaves of tomato plants were emerged after 9 hrs. of incubation. In conclusion, the incidence degree of leaf mold and gray leaf spot disease on tomato plants shows that it is very closely related to formation of leaf condensation, therefore the incidence of leaf mold was greater at 20 and 15℃, while 25 and 20℃ enhanced the incidence of gray leaf spot. The incidence of leaf mold and gray leaf spot developed 20 days after inoculation, and the latency period was estimated to be 14-15 days. Trihumin fungicide had the maximum effectiveness up to 168 hours of fungicides at 12 hours of wet duration in leaf mold, whereas Gajiran fungicide had the highest control (93%) against gray leaf spot up to 144 hours. All the chemicals showed an around 30-50% decrease in effectiveness after 240 hours of treatment. The model predictions in present study could be help in timely, effective and ecofriendly management of leaf mold disease in tomato.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1095-1106
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• 2023

This study investigated the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of Aster glehni (AG) extract in RAW 264.7 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were higher in the ethanol extracts than in the hot water extracts. As a result of measuring the moisture contents (%) and extraction yields (%) of AG and drying A. glehni for processing (DAG), 70% ethanol, which has the highest percentage of extraction yield, was selected as the final solvent. DPPH radical scavenging activity showed higher antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of DAG than AG. The cytotoxicity assay of the AG or DAG ethanol extracts was treated at different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 ㎍/mL), and cell viability rates were higher than 80% at all concentrations. The LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 was significantly reduced at all concentrations of AG and DAG groups. As a result of measuring the gene expression of iNOS, which induces NO production, the AG or DAG group decreased by 33% and 32%, compared with the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) group. Under inflammatory stress conditions, the survival rate of C. elegans treated with AG or DAG ethanol extract with LPS showed concentration-dependent improvement in survival rate compared with the PBS group. Considering these results, AG could potentially be developed as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functional food material.