• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2001

파쇄한 재료와 젖산균 스타터를 사용하여 김치를 숙성시킨 후 열풍건조 (HAD) 및 동결건조 (FD)를 행하고, 성형압력 (100, 150, 200 kg/cm2)과 성형시간별 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4분)로 제조한 김치타블궷 (KT)의 붕해성과 여백의 특성, 텍스쳐, 객도, 흡습성 및 관능적 품질을 조사하였다. FD-KT의 성형압력의 증가에 따른 붕해성은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 HAD-KT는 크게 감소하였으며, FD-KT는 HAD-KT에 비하여 붕해성이 높았다. KT 수용액의 pH는 건조방법과 성형압력에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았으나 산도와 총당은 HAD-KT가 FD-KT에 비하여 낮았다. KT의 max, yield, strength 및 hardness는 HAD-KT가 FD-KT에 비하여 높았다. FD-KT는 HAD-KT에 비하여 다소 낮은 적색도를 보였으나 백색도는 높았다. KT의 색상, 촉감, 향미, 씹는 맛 및 기호도는 전반적으로 FD-KT가 높은 값을 나타내었다. 흡습성은 FD-KT가 HAD-KT에 비하여 성형압력에 관계없이 높았다. HAD-KT는 성형압력과 성형시간이 증가함에 따라 흡습량이 감소하였으나 FD-KT는 흡습량이 증가되었다. 품질특성을 종합한 결과 FD-KT, HAD-KT 다같이 성형 압력은 200kg$\textrm{cm}^2$에서 우수하였으며 성형시간은 3분이 적합하였다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2007

본 연구는 기존 비닐하우스 아연도 강관을 사용한 하우스 폭 3.6m와 5m 천창개폐형 대립계 포도 비가림하우스에 대한 구조적 안전성을 검토하고, 인장강도 $400N{\cdot}mm^{-2}$(SGH400 등) 이상의 파이프를 사용하는 조건에서 하우스 폭 5m인 천창개폐형 대립계 포도 비가림하우스에 대하여 구조적으로 안전한 최적 파이프 규격을 제시하고자 수행하였다. 주기둥 $3m{\times}$서까래 60cm인 천창개폐형 3.6m 비가림하우스의 경우, 적설심 35cm에서는 구조적으로 안전한 것으로 분석되었으나 측면 및 전후면 풍속 $35m{\cdot}s^{-1}$에서는 불안전한 것으로 나타났으며, 동일 주기둥과 서까래 간격을 갖는 천창개폐형 5m 비가림하우스의 경우에는 적설심 35와 풍속 $35m{\cdot}s^{-1}$에서 모두 불안전하여 구조보강이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 동일 주기둥과 서까래간격을 가지나 인장강도 $400N{\cdot}mm^{-2}$ 이상을 갖는 파이프를 사용하는 조건에서 천창개폐형 5m 비가림하우스의 최적 파이프 규격은 지붕높이 1.6m(아치형)와 지붕높이 1.8m(복숭아형)에 대하여 동일하게 두 경우로 규격화 할 수 있었다. 즉, 안전풍속 $35m{\cdot}s^{-1}$와 안전적설심 40cm에서 구조적으로 안전한 서까래 규격은 ${\Phi}31.8{\times}1.5t@600$이었으며, 안전풍속 $35m{\cdot}s^{-1}$와ss 안전적설심 35cm에서는 서까래 ${\Phi}25.4{\times}1.5t@600$인 것으로 분석되었다. 덕면으로부터 곡부보까지의 높이는 안전적설심보다는 안전풍속에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었으며, 처마를 높임에 따라 측면풍속에 대해서는 방풍벽파이프(측벽서까래)를, 전후면 풍속에 대해서는 마구리기둥의 규격을 강화하여야 하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of the old Achilles tendon rupture treated with modified flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon transfer. Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients with old Achilles tendon rupture treated with modified FHL tendon transfer between March 2004 and February 2008 were enrolled in this study. Technically FHL was pass through the distal portion of the ruptured tendon instead of the drilled hole made on the calcaneus. The mean age of the patients was 37 years (range, 22~67 years), mean follow-up period was 28 months (range, 12~30 months). Patients' subjective satisfaction, calf circumferential diameter, range of motion of ankle and AOFAS ankle-hind foot score and Arner-Lidholm score was evaluated. Results: The average gap between the ruptured tendon was 52 mm (range, 47~56 mm). The AOFAS score improved from 47 pre-operatively to 91 points at the last follow-up. Sixteen patients were satisfied with the result free from discomfort, a patient had mild discomfort who had DM. fourteen patients had decreased range of motion less than 5 degrees while 2 patients had more than 7 degrees decrease compared to the intact side but had no discomfort in daily activities. Nine patients had less than 1 cm calf circumferential diameter difference and 7 patients had 1 to 3 cm diameter difference compared to the intact side. One who had more than 3 cm diameter difference had deteriorated muscle strength. Conclusion: Modified FHL tendon transfer can be a useful technique for the treatment of old Achilles tendon rupture when the gap is with large gap placed too proximal.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.222-224
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• 2016

Epidermal cysts are intradermal or subcutaneous cystic tumors that frequently occur in the face, scalp, neck, and body trunk. Acquired cases of epidermal cyst commonly occur as a result of various surgical operations, chronic irritation, or trauma, all of which may trigger the occurrence of the invagination of squamous epithelium. A 57-year-old man presented with a palpable mass $7cm{\times}2cm$ in size in the upper lip. The patient had a 3-year history of wearing a denture to restore missing bilateral maxillary central and lateral incisors, accompanied by inflammatory findings on the buccal mucosa due to chronic lip irritation. The resected oval-shaped cyst had a size of $5.5cm{\times}3.0cm{\times}2.5cm$, and it was an encapsulated mass with a well-defined margin. The histopathology was typical of epidermal cyst. This case of a rare giant upper lip epidermal cyst in a patient wearing a denture may be of interest to clinicians.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2014

목 적 : 전립선 암의 방사선 치료 시 컴퓨터 단층촬영 영상만을 이용하여 타겟 및 정상장기의 체적을 정의하기에는 제약성이 따른다. 이러한 제약성을 보완해주기 위하여 연부조직 대조도가 우수한 자기공명영상 장치가 사용되고 있다. 그러나 부정확한 CT/MRI 영상의 융합은 정확한 타겟 설정에 불확실성이 따르게 되며 정상장기의 불필요한 선량이 입사되어 부작용을 초래 할 수 있다. 이러한 불확실성을 줄이기 위해 본원에서는 CT/MRI영상 융합 시 모의 치료 과정과 동일한 고정용구와 자세로 환자를 셋업하여 MRI(Planning MRI)영상을 획득하고 있으며, 본 연구에서는 진단용 MRI영상과 Planning MRI영상을 비교 분석하여 Planning MRI의 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원에서 2011년 8월부터 2013년 7월까지 전립선 암으로 진단을 받고 Non-hormone, Definitive RT 70 Gy/28 fx을 처방받은 10명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 모의 치료 후 30분 뒤에 MRI영상을 획득하였으며, 획득 된 CT/MRI영상은 뼈를 중심으로 Philips pinnacle v9.2를 이용하여 융합하였다. 전립선 Balloon tube의 유무에 따른 전립선의 변화를 측정하기 위하여 Planning MRI, 진단용 MRI영상에서의 전립선 체적을 측정 비교하였으며, 각각의 영상에서 전립선의 모양의 변화를 측정하기 위해 전립선의 중심에서 상하, 앞뒤, 좌우방향에서의 직경을 측정 비교하였다. 결 과 : Planning MRI, 진단용 MRI영상에서의 전립선 체적을 비교한 결과 각각 평균 $25.01cm^3$(범위 $15.84-34.75cm^3$), $25.05cm^3$(범위 $15.28-35.88cm^3$)의 결과를 얻었다. Planning MRI 대비 진단용 MRI는 0.12 % 증가로 그 차이는 크지 않다는 것을 알 수가 있었다. 하지만 Planning MRI를 기준으로 Transition zone 방향으로 총 $7.46cm^3$(29 %) 체적의 증가가 있었으며, Peripheral zone 방향으로 $8.52cm^3$(34 %)의 체적 감소가 있었다. 전립선 중심의 2차원 영상에서의 상하, 앞뒤, 좌우방향의 직경을 측정한 결과 Planning MRI에서 평균 3.82cm, 2.38cm, 4.59cm의 값을 나타냈으며, 진단용 MRI에서는 평균 3.37cm, 2.76cm, 4.51cm의 값을 알 수 있었다. Planning MRI 기준으로 앞뒤 방향으로 0.38cm(13 %)감소하였으나 좌우 방향 0.08cm(1.6 %), 상하방향 0.45cm(13 %)가 증가되었다. 결 론 : 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 Planning MRI와 진단용 MRI에서의 전립선의 총 체적은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았지만 직장에 전립선 Balloon tube 삽입으로 인한 전립선의 모양 및 부분 체적의 변화를 알 수가 있었다. 따라서 CT/MRI 영상 융합 시 Planning MRI영상을 이용한다면 진단용 MRI영상과 비교하여 Transition zone에 증가하는 체적만큼 손실 없이 타겟을 CTV에 포함시킬 수 있으며, Balloon으로 인한 Peripheral zone 체적의 감소를 더 명확히 구분하여 직장에 전달되는 방사선량을 줄일 수 있을 것이다. 이에 본 저자는 전산화 치료 계획에서의 CT/MRI영상 융합 시 모의 치료 과정과 동일한 고정용구와 자세를 재현하여 MRI영상을 획득하는 것이 유용할 것이라 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.643-650
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• 2009

Two metabolism trials were conducted with 24 wether lambs to investigate the effects of feeding crab meal and other protein supplements on N utilization, digestibility and Ca and P balance in sheep. The lambs (avg. BW, 25 kg) were randomly allotted to eight diets in each of two trials. The supplements were: i) none, negative control (NC); ii) soybean meal (SBM), control; iii) supplement based on industrial byproducts of both plant and animal origin (IPA); iv) experimental supplement based on byproducts of animal origin (ESA); v) hydrolyzed supplement No 4. (HESA); vi) commercial supplement based on animal protein (CS), $Pro-Lak^{(R)}$ vii) crab meal (CM); and viii) urea (U). The supplements supplied 33% of the total dietary N (CP, 9.8%; DM basis). Lambs fed the NC diet had lower (p<0.05) DM and OM digestibility. Lower (p<0.05) apparent absorption of N was recorded for the lambs fed the HESA and NC diets. Sheep fed CM had lower Ca absorption compared to SBM. Highest (p<0.05) P absorption was observed for lambs fed CS and CM and lowest for U and NC diets. Sheep fed CM had higher (p<0.05) total VFA concentration (65.7 ${\mu}mol/ml$), compared to those fed ESA, CS, and NC diets (47.3, 49.8, and 49.5 ${\mu}mol/ml$, respectively). Highest (p<0.05) ruminal $NH_3$ N (29.6 mg/dl) was observed in lambs fed the U diet, while those fed the NC diet had the lowest (p<0.05) average value (7.66 mg/dl). Lambs fed the U diet had the highest (p<0.05) blood urea N (10.67 mg/dl). The present study showed that N utilization of diets supplemented with experimental supplements based on feather meal and blood meal; commercial supplement based on animal protein, $Prolak^{(R)}$ supplement based on plant protein and blood meal; and crab meal are comparable with that of soybean meal.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2000

The objective of this paper is to study burst through the influence of overheating to affect a seamed container using the cookers with different materials and bottom sizes. Following result are drawn from this study; When bottom size of the roast meat had 24cm diameter, the upper part temperature of a seamed container was increased over $40^{\circ}C$. Therefore the cooker material without regard to cooker size had a great influence on the temperature of seamed container. For the natural stone plate which had bottom length 65cm, a seamed container was burst at the cooker temperature $801^{\circ}C$, the surface temperature of a burner $573^{\circ}C$. the upside temperature of seamed container $379^{\circ}C$, the downside temperature of seamed container $236^{\circ}C$ and ambient temperature $34^{\circ}C$. For the cooker of the same bottom area, the stone plate had greater influence on effect of temperature than aluminium cooker. Overheating had a great influence on the seamed container if the bottom or upside diameter of a cooker had been larger than a trivet.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.197-205
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate adolescents' body size and their concerns and perceptions about body image. Group means of heights and weights were 171.5cm and 60.3kg for boys and 159.3cm and 52.3Kg for girls. Body Mass Index(BMI) of the subjects were 20.5 for boys and 20.6 for girls. Only 11.5$\%$ of subjects were overweight or obese, however 42.5% of subjects had experienced weight control, and the main reason for weight control was to lose weight(80.6$\%$). In concern for body image and frequency of eating distrubance ; females had more concern than males, the group who had attempted weight control had more concern than those who had not, and the group who were overweight had more concern than those who were under and normal weight. In perception about body image, using a set of nine figure drawings arranged from very thin to very heavy figures, subjects rated their current figure, considered figure(how they appeared to others), ideal figure, and attractive figure. For boys, the current, ideal, and most attractive figures were almost identical, but for girls, the ideal figure was significantly thinner than current figure and attractive figure was significantly thinner than current figure. The greater the preference for thinner figure as idal and attractive figure, the higher the concern for body image and frequency of eating distrubance. Thus it seems that a distorted perception of ideal body size affects adolescents' concern for body image and eating behaviors.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1998

For a microbial control of a plant pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae, Bacillus sp. strain BT182-3 was isolated. The strain BT182-3 had a growth inhibition against P. syringae not only on agar plate but also on cultured broth. After heat treatment at $40^{\cird}C$ and $80^{\cird}C$ for 30min, the lytic substance from the strain BT182-3 had about 52% remaining activity and 17% remaining activity, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature of the lytic substance was 6.0 and $28^{\cird}C$, respectively. Germination ratio of healthy radish seeds was 87% at $25^{\cird}C$ for 5 days in 0.8% saline, and that of the radish seeds infected with P. syringae was 67%, while that of the radish seeds treated with cultured broth of the strain BT182-3 was 90%. The 5-days healthy radish seedlings were 3.90cm at high and the seedlings infected with P. syringae were 3.06cm at high, while the seedlings treated with cultured broth of the strain BT182-3 were 4.30cm at high. The growth of the radish seedlings infected with P. syringae was inhibited after cultivation for 40days on pots, while the growth of the infected radish seedlings with P. syringae was recovered at stem length, root length and total weight at the same as the healthy seedlings after treatment of a lytic substance from the strain BT182-3.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.40-55
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• 1997

The purpose of this study are to examine the characters of the lower half body shape in the middle aged women and to make slacks patttern on the base of four difference body shapes as follows. The lower half body shapes were classified into 4 types on the basis of their lateral view silhouette, whose characters were summarized as followings. (1) "Type 1" meant the right body shape with the standard protrusion of abdomen and hips. (2) "Type 2" showed the body shape with prominent hips, which had the flat abdominal silhouette and the greatly curved hips silhouette. (3) "Type 3" was the body shape with the prominent abdomen and the flat hips, in which the frontal view silhouette of the abdomen was greatly curved and the rear view silhouette of hips is less curved. (4) "Type 4" was characterized with prominent abdomen and hips. The slaks patterns were based on the lower half body shape characters and resulted in followings. (1) In the type 1, little difference from conventional patterns was seen in experiment pattern, in which the front waist girth was W/4{\times}0.5cm+0.5cm+fold(2.5cm) and the back waist girth W/4+0.5cm-0.5cm+dart(3.5cm). The front hip girth was defined as H/4+2.0cm+0.5cm and the back hip girth as H/4+2.0cm-0.5cm due to its increased ease amount produced by abdominal fat deposition. (2) In the type 2 experimental pattern, the front and back differences of the waist girth and the hip girth were defined as 1.0cm and 2.0cm separately. Accordingly, the front waist girth was W/4+0.5cm+ 1.0cm+fold(2.0cm), the back waist girth W/4+0.5cm-1.0cm+dart(6.5cm), the front hip girth H/4+2.0cm+1.0cm and the back hip girth H/4+2.0cm-1.0cm. (3) In type 3, the front waist girth was set up as W/4+0.5cm+0.5cm+fold (4.5cm) for the increased front fold amount and the back waist girth was W/4+0.5cm+0.5cm+dart(3.0cm). The front hip girth was made as H/4+2.5cm+0.5cm and the back hip girth H/4+2.5cm-0.5cm. (4) In type 4, considered were $\circled1$ the increased fornt fold amount due to the abdonimal protrusion, $\circled2$ the increased back dart amount and the decreased back dart length owing to the hips prominent and $\circled3$ the front and back differences of waist and hip girth for the lateral view silhouette. Therefore the front waist girth was defined as W/4+0.5cm+2.0cm+flod (5.0cm), the back waist girth as W/4+0.5cm-20.cm+dart(4.0cm), the front hip girth as H/4+2.0cm+1.0cm and the back hip girth as H/4+2.0cm-1.0cm. The sensory evaluation of appearance and comfort was appeared more suitable on the experiment pattern than on the conventional pattern.