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Automatic Construction of Deep Learning Training Data for High-Definition Road Maps Using Mobile Mapping System (정밀도로지도 제작을 위한 모바일매핑시스템 기반 딥러닝 학습데이터의 자동 구축)

  • Choi, In Ha;Kim, Eui Myoung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 2021
  • Currently, the process of constructing a high-definition road map has a high proportion of manual labor, so there are limitations in construction time and cost. Research to automate map production with high-definition road maps using artificial intelligence is being actively conducted, but since the construction of training data for the map construction is also done manually, there is a need to automatically build training data. Therefore, in this study, after converting to images using point clouds acquired by a mobile mapping system, the road marking areas were extracted through image reclassification and overlap analysis using thresholds. Then, a methodology was proposed to automatically construct training data for deep learning data for the high-definition road map through the classification of the polygon types in the extracted regions. As a result of training 2,764 lane data constructed through the proposed methodology on a deep learning-based PointNet model, the training accuracy was 99.977%, and as a result of predicting the lanes of three color types using the trained model, the accuracy was 99.566%. Therefore, it was found that the methodology proposed in this study can efficiently produce training data for high-definition road maps, and it is believed that the map production process of road markings can also be automated.

An Experimental study on the Structural Performance by the Depth Variation of Capacity of U-shaped composite Beam (U-형 복합보의 춤 변화에 따른 구조성능에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Ha, Sang-Su
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.111-118
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    • 2020
  • The U-shaped composite beam used in this study consist of a reinforced concrete structure, a beam steel structure supporting the slab, a reinforced concrete structure, and a U-shaped steel plate. The U-shaped composite beam was developed for the purpose of using it as a parking lot because it is highly constructible and has low floor height and long span. For the improvement of constructivity, the U-shaped composite beam ends are planned with standardized H-shaped steel and connected directly to the columns, and the middle of the U-shaped composite beam consists of U-shaped steel plates folded in U-shaped form using thin steel plates (t=6) instead of H-shaped steel. In the middle of the composite beam, where U-shaped steel plates are located, the depth of U-shaped beam may be planned to be small so as to satisfy the height limit of the parking lot. It is important to grasp the structural performance according to the change of depth because low beam depth is advantageous for the reduction of the floor height, but it is a inhibitor to the structural behaviors of U-shaped composite beam. In addition, since U-shaped composite beams are a mixture of steel frame structures, reinforced concrete structures and U-shaped steel plates, securing unity has a great influence on securing structural performance. Therefore, in this study, a structural experiment was conducted to understand the structural performance according to the depth change for U-shaped composite beam. A total of three specimens were planned, including two specimens that changed the depth using a criteria specimen planned for a general parking lot. The results of the experiment showed that the specimens who planned the depth greatly had better structural performance such as yield strength, maximum strength, and energy than the standard specimen.

Improvement of Temperature Constancy of Direct Refrigerator for Supercooled Storage (직냉식 냉장고의 과냉각 저장을 위한 항온 특성 개선 연구)

  • Kim, Jinse;Nam, Soyoung;Jung, Hyun Kyung;Son, Jae Yong;Choi, Dong Soo;Kim, Yong Hoon;Lee, Soo Jang;Park, Chun Wan;Kim, Ha Yoon;Park, Seok Ho
    • Food Engineering Progress
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.270-277
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    • 2019
  • Commercial direct refrigerators have good energy efficiency, but are difficult to use for supercooled storage due to their large temperature deviation. Placing insulators and conductors inside the refrigerator could reduce these temperature deviations to within 0.3 degrees, allowing for the supercooled storage. The supercooled storage of salted Chinese cabbages during ten weeks was progressed to compare the other low temperature storages. The nucleation temperatures of salted Chinese cabbage were around -2.5℃ and the freezing points were around -0.4℃, so -2℃ was selected for the supercooled storage. The growth rate of lactic acid bacteria and yeast at -2℃ storage was lower than that at 2℃ storage. The reducing sugar was maintained higher due to the growth rate of lactic acid bacteria. The supercooled storage had an effect of delaying the fermentation of the salted Chinese cabbage, which may have the effect of delaying the fermentation of kimchi. This enhancement method of the direct refrigerator was effective for the supercooled storage and would be promising for commercial use.

A Study on the Implementation of Coexistent Reality Technology for Ship Outfitting Inspection (선박 의장 검사를 위한 공존현실 기술 적용에 관한 연구)

  • Ha, Yeon-Chul;Kim, Jin-Woo;Kim, Goo;Shin, Hyun-Shil
    • Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.13-20
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    • 2020
  • In shipyards, internal materials are assembled after designing and manufacturing each ship's block. Internal material assembly means the installation of parts and equipment except ship's body. In this process, if the assembly of pipes and equipment existing in the block is not done correctly during the assembly between blocks, this causes a lot of costs. In addition, even if the assembly of the internal materials already completed, the production efficiency of the ship is reduced due to rework when problems such as space arrangement of the internal materials occurs. Therefore, this study introduces space arrangement and inspection system before and after hull outfitting work based on coexistence reality technology using 3D design drawing to solve these problems. The various coexistence reality algorithms and inspection systems developed and introduced in this study are based on AR service, which has never been introduced in Korea. So it will be widely applicable to various manufacturing industries using design drawings such as automobiles and architectures as well as ship building process.

Development of an X3D Python Language Binding Viewer Providing a 3D Data Interface (3D 데이터 인터페이스를 제공하는 X3D Python 언어 바인딩 뷰어 개발)

  • Kim, Ha Seong;Lee, Myeong Won
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.243-250
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    • 2021
  • With the increased development of 3D VR applications augmented by recent VR/AR/MR technologies and by the advance of 3D devices, interchangeability and portability of 3D data have become essential. 3D files should be processed in a standard data format for common usage between applications. Providing standardized libraries and data structures along with the standard file format means that a more efficient system organization is possible and unnecessary processing due to the usage of different file formats and data structures depending on the applications can be omitted. In order to provide the function of using a common data file and data structure, this research is intended to provide a programming binding tool for generating and storing standardized data so that various services can be developed by accessing the common 3D files. To achieve this, this paper defines a common data structure including classes and functions to access X3D files with a standardized scheme using the Python programming language. It describes the implementation of a Python language binding viewer, which is an X3D VR viewer for rendering standard X3D data files based on the language binding interface. The VR viewer includes Python based 3D scene libraries and a data structure for creation, modification, exchange, and transfer of X3D objects. In addition, the viewer displays X3D objects and processes events using the libraries and data structure.

The Floor Layout Plan of Classrooms for Securing Evacuation Stability in School (학교의 피난 안전성 확보를 위한 층별 학급 배치방안)

  • Lee, Soon Beom;Lee, Jai Young;Kong, Ha-Sung
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.509-515
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    • 2021
  • This study analyzes the efficient floor layout plan of classrooms for securing evacuation stability in school in case of fire by using the Pathfinder simulation program. Efficient evacuation methods and safety were evaluated by analyzing REST (Required Safe Egress Time) according to the allocation of personnel by floor targeting a high school 5-story building equipped with a ramp and stairs. The current status of personnel assignments exceeded the Required Safe Egress Time(RSET), resulting in a problem with evacuation safety. When students were placed on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th floors, the result was that the time exceeded RSET the most. When students were placed on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd floors, the result was that they completed evacuation in the shortest time, less than RSET. In the current state, when evacuation was guided by designating an evacuation exit depending on the location, the result of shortening RSET was obtained. As a result, it is effective to put the students on the lower floors when placing students in high-rise school buildings in terms of evacuation safety, and in the preliminary training, it is required to designate evacuation exits so that they can use the nearest exit for each location in case of a fire. As a future research project, additional research is needed on the RSET when a fire occurs in a specific location according to whether the automatic fire door at that location is opened or closed.

Safety Evaluation of Evacuation in a Dormitory Girls' High School based on PAPS (PAPS에 기반한 여자고등학교 기숙사생의 피난 안전성 평가)

  • Jeon, Seung-duk;Kong, Ha-sung
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.469-481
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    • 2022
  • This study is for increasing evacuation safety by analyzing RSET(the required safe escape time) through the arrangement of personnel by floor and by room while evacuating in a Girls' High School Dormitory. For this study, PAPS(Physical Activity Promotion System) results that have not been studied so far were analyzed and reflected in evacuation simulations on the premise that individual student's physical strength can affect evacuation. Based on the PAPS results, four scenarios were applied. In addition, evacuation simulation using the pathfinder program was conducted in two situations: the evacuation route was assigned or not. Scenario 4 was the fastest at 168.5 seconds of RSET in assigning evacuation routes among scenarios. As a result of this study, the arrangement of students focusing on improving their academic ability and student life guidance excluding student physical strength has problem. In order to solve this problem, it is effective to place C group students(low grade on PAPS) on low floors and A group students(high grade on PAPS) on high floors and to assign evacuation routes in each room. In the future, the following ways need to be more studied. A study on how to increase evacuation safety through practical evacuation training, the way of assessing evacuation safety reflecting the lifestyle and physical strength of girls, the evacuation route assignment according to the fire occurrence point, and the method to secure evacuation routes in the event of a fire near stairs or entrances should be conducted.

A Study of the Reliability and Validity of Standard Tools for the Pattern Identification of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (위식도역류질환 변증도구의 신뢰도 및 타당도 평가)

  • Cho, Yun-jae;Ha, Na-Yeon;Ko, Seok-Jae;Park, Jae-Woo;Kim, Jinsung
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.1-21
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: The standard tool for the pattern identification is used for identifying patterns in patients using a questionnaire. The purpose of this study is to reorganize the standard tool for the pattern identification of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) developed in 2017 and to analyze the reliability and validity of the standard tool for pattern identification by applying it to GERD patients. Methods: To reorganize the standard tool for the pattern identification of GERD developed in the previous study, we searched the literature in the main databases, OASIS (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System) and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). We added the search results to the data used in the previous study and went through the reorganizing courses, such as evaluating the validity of the translation, the Delphi technique, and a small survey. After reorganization, the patients who visited the Kyunghee University Korean Medicine Center for GERD symptoms were provided the questionnaire, including the reorganized standard tool for pattern identification. We analyzed the survey results to evaluate their reliability and validity. Results: Fifty patients completed the questionnaire. Reliability analysis results showed a pattern identification match rate of 86%, Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.834, and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.907. The Mann - Whitney U test and logistic regression were implemented to check the relations between the survey questions and pattern identification results; the Pearson correlation, compared with other scales, showed a moderate score. Conclusion: We reorganized the standard tool for the pattern identification of GERD to be updated on current issues and so that it is easily used. The analysis results of the questionnaire showed that the reorganized standard tool had high reliability and moderate validity.

Investigation of the Ptimum Transplanting Date for Floury Endosperm Rice to Reduce the Viviparity Rate (쌀가루 가공용 벼 품종의 수발아 발생 감소를 위한 적합 이앙시기 설정)

  • Hwang, Woon-Ha;Choi, Meong-Gue;Jeong, Jae-Hyeok;Lee, Hyen-Seok;Yang, Seo-Yeong;Lee, Chung-gun
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.66 no.4
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    • pp.289-296
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    • 2021
  • This study aimed to analyze the optimal transplanting date of the floury endosperm rice varieties Hangaru, Seolgeang, Singil, and Baromi2 allowing to reduce the viviparity rate. The viviparity rate rapidly increased with the mean temperature during the ripening stage. Therefore, to reduce the viviparity rate, we calculated the optimum heading date based on the safe heading date limit in each area so that the ripening stage occurred at lower temperatures. hen, the effects of changes in heading date were monitored by recording the transplanting date and the temperature during the growth period. The transplanting date was highly correlated with the number of heading days in the field. Therefore, the optimum transplanting date was calculated according to the transplanting date in each area. When the accumulated temperature was 700℃, if floury rice was transplanted at the optimum transplanting date, the mean temperature was approximately 20℃. When the accumulated temperature was 900℃, the mean temperature was approximately 18℃. Under these conditions, the viviparity rates of Hangaru, Seolgeang, and Singil rice were lower than 10%. However, Baromi2 showed a high viviparity rate. These results suggest that the viviparity rate of Hangaru, Seolgeang, and Singil rice can be reduced by transplanting at the optimum transplanting date. However, further research is required for pinpointing the optimum transplanting date of Baromi2 rice.

A Study on the Development of Software Education Program to Activate Employment for the Disabled

  • Lee, Won Joo
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.209-216
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    • 2022
  • In this paper, we propose an effective software education program to promote employment of the disabled and verify the effectiveness of SW education through pilot operation. In this SW education program, we develop a SW curriculum consisting of the basic course, Unity programming course, and the advanced course, AR/VR digital content development course. The SW education achievement standard develops the basic and advanced course achievement standards in consideration of the level of the virtual reality content production job of the National Competency Standards(NCS) and the SW education achievement standards of youth with visual, hearing, and physical disabilities. SW education materials are developed on a project basis so that one AR/VR digital content can be implemented step by step according to the intellectual level of the disabled based on Unity. SW education pilot training is conducted as online education based on Blended Learning due to COVID-19. In order to derive the SW education effect and each learner's individual SW education academic achievement for the SW education pilot training, a survey is conducted on learners, and the results are analyzed. In the basic course, 77.3% of learners achieved academic achievement above excellent(80-90), and in the advanced course, 48.8% of learners achieved academic achievement above excellent(80-90). These results verify that the SW education program for the disabled developed in this paper is effective in activating employment for the disabled.