• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.865-872
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• 2000

Helocobacter phylori is the major cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and a principal risk factor for gastric cancer. As the firs step towards a vaccine against H. pylori infection, Hy.pylori urease was expressed and purified as a recombinant apoenzyme (rUrease) in E. coli. In order to develop an effective immunization protocol using rUrease, the host immune responses were evaluated after the oral immunization of mice with rUrease preparations plus cholera toxin relative to various conditions, such as the physical nature of the antigen, the frequency of the booster immunization, the dose of the antigen, and the route of administration. The protective efficacy was assessed using a quantitative culture following an H. pylori SS1 challenge. It was demonstrated that rUrease, due to its particulated nature, was more superior than the UreB subunit as a vaccine antigen. The oral immunization of rUrease elicited significant systemic and secretory antibody responses, and activated predominantly Th2-type cellular responses. The bacterial colonization was significantly reduced (~100-fold) in those mice immunized with three or four weekly oran doses of rUrease plus cholera toxin (p<0.05), when compared to the non-immunized/challenged controls. The protection correlated well with the elicited secretory IgA level against rUrease, and these secretory antibody responses were highly dependent on the frequency of the booster immunization, yet unaffected by the dose of the antigen (25-200$\mu\textrm{g}$). These results demonstrate the remarkable potential of rUrease as a vaccine antigen, thereby strengthening the possibility of developing an H. pylori vaccine for humans.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.24-33
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• 1989

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of paclobutrazol [(2 RS , 3 RS )1-(4- chlor-ophenyl )-4, 4- dimethyl -2- (1, 2, 4- triazol -1- yl )- pentan -3-01] on the tolerance of hi-gh temperature and drought stress as related to growth retardation , iranspiration rate , soil water content , nitrogen level and photosynthetic rate in perennial ryegrass ( Loliurn perenne L . ' Omega H , ). Plants were given a 30 ml soil drench of paclohutrazol at the concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.. 0, mg / 6 .5cm- diameter pot . The rcsults were as follows : 1. Increasing concentrations of paclohutrazul reduced plant height , leaf area , fresh weight and dry weight , hut increased chlorophyll content per unit area . The number of tillers and leaf width were not affected hy the paclobutrazol concentrations . 2. The proper concentration of paclohatrazol on growth retardation in perennial ryegrass was about I mq /pot , hut leaf deformity and severe growth retardation were shown at high concentration of 10 mq / pot . 3. Perennial ryegrasses grown at 30˚C were shown significantly short plant height and low leaf nitrogen level compared with those grown at 20˚C. Increasing concentrations of paclohutrazol at 20˚C increased nitrogen level hut it could not increase nitrogen level at 30˚C . 4. During the drought stress , increasing temperatures significantly promoted transpiration rate and wilting time . It took about 5 days at 20˚C and 3 days at 30˚C to reach wilting time of leaves from water stress treatment . Soil water contents at wilting time of non-treated controls were averaged 6. 871% at 20˚C and 6. 17% at 30˚C 5. Paclohutrazol reduced transpiration rate at high temperature and drought stress . Wilting appeared at the lower water content of soil according to increasing concentrations of paclobutrazol at 30˚C hut there were no differences among concentrations of at 20˚C. 6.Paclohutrazol treatment at 1 rag /pot reduced injury rate of leaves from 67.1 % and 100 % in control plants to 15.7% and 80% at 20˚C and 3010, respectively. 7. Photosynthetic rate per unit area was significantly reduced at high temperature . Paclohutrazol stimulated photosynthetic rate with increase of concentrations at 20˚C but there was no increasing effect at 30˚C.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2009

The Cu-bearing PFS-700 steel which has yield strength over 700 MPa was developed to replace the existing submarine structural material, HY-100. PFS-700 steel has good combination of mechanical properties and superior weldability which can be welded without pre-heating before welding. Application PFS-700 steel to submarine or battle ship will give a great reduction of cost by removing or lowing pre-heating. To develop pre-heat free welding consumables that matches and take advantage of PFS-700 steel, new welding consumables have been designed for the GMAW, SAW processes and explosion bulge test(EBT) were conducted to see the reliability of welded structure. All welding was conducted without pre-heating before welding, the inter-pass temperatures were below $50^{\circ}C$ for SAW50 and $150^{\circ}C$ for GMAW and SAW150. All EBT specimens show over 14% reduction of thickness without through-thickness crack or propagation of crack to the hole-down area. Tensile properties for all welding conditions show higher(GMAW) or similar values(SAW50, SAW150) to the base metal. Charpy impact values for the weld metal also show 163.5J(GMAW), 95.4J(SAW50) and 69.0J(SAW150), which meet the goal, 50J, of this project.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.57.1-57.1
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• 2009

나노이산화티타늄은 인체에는 화장품, 의약, 식품분야 등에 쓰이고 외부 환경 재료에는 광촉매로서 유독가스 정화제, 옥내 외 항균, 수소발생 가시광 응답형 촉매 및 멤브레인 필터 등과 전자소재용 유전재료, 발광 재료 등 용도가 다양하다. 나노 산화티타늄 화합물의 제조법은 수열합성법, 기상법 등 여러 방법이 있다. 이들에 대한 리뷰의 목적은 2009년도 정부의 투자 계획 중에서 본제목에 관련되는 핵심 산업 재원 원천기술 개발, 태양광, 풍력 등의 신재생 에너지 개발, 록색 기술 개발을 통한 에너지절약형 LED 개발, 차세대 핵심환경 기술 개발, 핵심나노기반기술개발 등의 개발을 위하여 4,363억 원의 예산을 편성하고 연구자와 기술자들이 참여하여 유익한 실적이 창출되기를 원하고 있으므로 본 발표자들은 이 분야에서 연구하는 연구자와 기술자들에게 이 분야에 관련되는 자료를 참고로 제시하는데 있다. 페로브스카이트형 산화물인 유전재료($BaTiO_3$), 발광재료(CaTiO3:Pr3+적색), 박막형 반응기재료($Ca0.8Sr0.2TiO_3$), 등의 여러 가지 산화물은 류통식 급속 승온 수열 합성법, 겔 졸 법, 수열 합성법 등 여러 방법에 의하여 페로브스카이트형 산화물 입자 직경이 약 20nm~100nm 범위까지 합성된다. 태양광을 조사하여 물을분해 해서 수소를 생산하는 산화티타늄계 가시광 응답형 Vis-$TiO_2$ 박막은 기상법으로 제조하는데 한 예로써 RF 스퍼터링법으로 박막을 제조하여 수소와 산소를 회수하였으며, 황도프산화티타늄, 질소 도프 산화티타늄은 유기물 분해에 의한 공해제거, $NO_x$ 제거 등 환경정화에 사용되고, 고온 고압수법/산화티타늄 복합기술에 의해서는 바이오매스 분해 하고, 일종의 수열법인 개량형 HyCOM 법은 가시광 응답성 산화티타늄을 합성하여 NO가스 제거에 사용한다. 이들 여러 방법에 관한 것을 소개하고저 한다.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.413-420
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• 2003

To explore the effective treatment methods for waste food generating malodor compounds, mixed microorganisms (MM) capable of deodorizing of domestic animal waste were applied using household composting box. The mixture of 5 kg whole chips as a bulk agent, 2 kg MM and 1 kg of waste food were input into the compost reactor and agitated. Waste food was supplemented every 24 hours. As the results, the composting volume was stable at 13∼14 L for 10 days. In the initial compost process with MM, the pH and temperature were increased more quickly than that of without MM. Also, the conductivity recognized as a barometer of compost was increased from 0.2 to 2.4 mS/cm that was higher than 1.3 mS/cm of without MM, for 10 days. The malodor compounds generated from waste food treatment such as sulfur compounds and volatile fatty acids were effectively reduced about 90∼l00%, and 70∼80% for 8 days, respectively. The microorganisms growing under the condition of alkaline phase and higher temperature were dominated during the compost Moreover, it was demonstrated that inoculated Bacillus cereus HY15 dominated during the compost results in responsible to the effective treatment of waste food.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.80-86
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• 2009

The Cu-bearing PFS-700 steel which has yield strength over 700 MPa was developed to replace the existing submarine structural material, HY-100. The PFS-700 steel has a combination of good mechanical properties and superior weldability. Becaus of that, it can be welded without pre-heating. The application of PFS-700 steel to submarine or battle ship will give a great reduction of cost by omitting pre-heating or lowering pre-heat temperature. To develop pre-heating free welding consumables that match and take advantage of PFS-700 steel, new welding consumables have been designed for the GMAW, SAW processes and explosion bulge test(EBT) was conducted to see the reliability of welded structure. All welds were made without pre-heating, and the inter-pass temperature was below $50^{\circ}C$ for SAW50 and $150^{\circ}C$ for GMAW and SAW150. All EBT specimens show over 14% thickness reduction without through-thickness crack or crack propagation to the hole-down area. Tensile properties for all welding conditions show higher(GMAW) or similar values(SAW50, SAW150) to the base metal. Charpy impact values for the weld metal also show 163.5J(GMAW), 95.4J(SAW50) and 69.0J(SAW150), which meet the goal(higher than 50J) of this project.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.1195-1201
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• 2009

Dietary effects of Agaricus bisporus powder (ABP) on the quality characteristic of eggs from hens (Hy-Line) were investigated. Experimental groups (100 hens/group) were divided into normal control group (Control), 0.3% ABP supplemented diet group (M-0.3) and 0.6% ABP supplemented diet group (M-0.6), then fed for 12 weeks. There were no significant differences in shell thickness, while Haugh unit in M-0.3 and M-0.6 groups were 18.3$\sim$27.6% higher than that of control groups. Color $L^*$ and $b^*$ values of egg albumen and yolk in the M-03 and M-0.6 groups were lower whereas $a^*$ values were higher than those of NC group. In the yolk of M-03 and M-0.6 groups compared with control groups, the levels of total phospholipids and HDL-cholesterol were 4.5$\sim$13.9% and 86.1$\sim$87.0% higher, respectively, while the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol were 29.4$\sim$31.9%, 51.9$\sim$52.4% and 49.1$\sim$53.5% lower than those of control groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in fatty acids. In the result of sensory evaluation, gory odor of raw eggs in the M-03 and M-0.6 groups was slightly lower compared with control groups. These results suggest that the feed containing mushroom of Agaricus bisporus can be used to reduce the egg yolk cholesterol content and gory odor from raw egg, and also to increase the phospholipids as a functional feed. Further studies on the mechanism are required.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin C and Sea buckthorn on the performance, blood biochemistry and meat quality in old laying hens. A total 200 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (101 weeks old) were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments : (1) Basal : basal diet, (2) Vit. C : basal diet + 0.1% vitamin C, (3) SB 0.1 : basal diet + 0.1% Sea buckthorn, (4) SB 0.5 : basal diet + 0.5% Sea buckthorn, and (5) SB 1.0 : basal diet + 1.0% Sea buckthorn. Each treatment was replicated 4 times with 10 birds units were arranged according to randomized block design. Feeding trial lasted 4 weeks under 16L:8D lighting regimen. The diets were fed to hens on an ad libitum basis for 4 weeks. Result indicated that during feeding trial of the experiment, hen-day egg production and feed conversion ratio were not significantly influenced by treatments. However, feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Vit. C and SB treated groups than the basal during 1 wks and 3 wks. Egg weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher in basal and Vit. C than the SB 1.0 treatment. There were no differences in carcass yield during feeding trials. However, partial ratio (breast and neck) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in SB 0.5 than other treatment. There were no differences in the level of leukocytes and erythrocytes. There were no significant differences on proximate analysis (DM, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash), meat color, water holding capacity, cooking loss, and fatty acids concentrations. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of vitamin C and Sea buckthorn to the diet of old laying hens might be a potential ingredient for increasing partial weight (breast) in old laying hens.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.698-703
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• 2001

Background: Endovascular stent-graft insertion in aortic diseases is now generally accepted as an attractive alternative treatment modality. We reviewed our clinical experiences of endovascular stent-graft insertion in thoracic aorta. Material and Method: Since 1995, we performed 8 cases of endovasclar stent-graft insertion. Preoperative diagnoses were aortic aneurysms in 4, traumatic aortic ruptures in 3, and ruptured aortic pseudoaneurysm in 1. All procedures were performed in angiography room with the guidance of fluoroscopy. The stent-graft device is a custom-made 0.35mm thickness Z-shaped stainless steel wires, intertwined with each other using polypropylene suture ligation. It is covered with expanded Dacron vascular graft. Result: All procedures were performed successfully. Follow-up studies revealed 2 minimal perigraft leakages. There was no significant leakage or graft migration. 2 patients expired due to multiple organ failure and fungal sepsis. Other survivors(6) are doing well. Conclusion: Endovascular stent-graft insertion is relatively saft and effective treatment modality in the managment of various types of aortic diseases. In may be an effective alternative in aortic diseases of great surgical risk.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.284-288
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• 2001

Respiratory viruses are one of the most infectious agent in human. Six different respiratory tract viruses were detected from Busan while working on the preventive surveillance in 1997-2000. The isolation rate from suspected specimens were 8.4%. Influenza virus A, B type, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, mumps virus, and measles virus were examined from throat swabs, serum, and secretions of patients. Influenza A/Sydney/05/97(H3N2)-like, A/Johanesburg/33/94(H3N2)-like, A/Beijing/262/95(H1N1)-like and Influenza B/Beijing/262/95-like, B/Harbin/07/94-like, B/Guangdong/08/93-like were found. Adenovirus serotype 1, 2, 3 and 5 were detected, antibody of mumps both IgM and IgG were shown and outbreaks of measles were confirmed. Different antigenic types of influenza virus were detected every year, one outbreak of parainfluenza in 1999, mumps outbreak in 1999 and 2000, and incidence of measles in 2000 were noticeable. Monthly outbreaks were November through following March with influenza virus, January through June with adenovirus, February through May and December with mumps, April through August and November, December with measles, respectively. The size of isolated viruses were 130 nm with influenza virus B type, non-enveloped, icosahedron with 70 nm with adenovirus, 170 nm with mumps virus and 180 nm with parainfluenza virus in diameter, respectively.