• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

Objectives : Essential hyperhidrosis is a socially and occupationally disabling disorder. There are many suggestions that hyperhidrosis is associated with the autonomic nervous system. This study was designed to investigate the autonomic nerve system the patients with hyperhidrosis. Methods : 348 palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis patients and 20 systemic hyperhidrosis patients in the ambulatory care were investigated. All patients were inspected at the first medical examination, using the PSA of HRV. HRV was measured for 5 minutes after 5 minutes' bed rest. We checked the frequency domain analysis of HRV (i.e. TP, VLF, LF, HF and LF/HF) which were transformed into natural logarithm of patients against the standard measures of the HRV components. Then, we compared the means of patients with means and highest values of in the normal range of Koreans 1) between the patients with palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis and the healthy controls and 2) between the patients with the systemic hyperhidrosis and healthy controls, by the frequency domain analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), respectively. We then compared the results between 1) and 2). Results : The values of natural logarithmic measures of LF/HF ratio in the patients with palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis we examined were significantly higher than the values of healthy controls, but those in the patients with systemic hyperhidrosis were not higher. Conclusion : This study suggests that the autonomic nervous function did not simply increase but that the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous function did matter in patients with palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis. This balance included that the sympathetic nervous function aggravated comparatively with parasympathetic nervous function. On the other hand, we couldn't find any significance of the patients with the systemic hyperhidrosis as for the autonomic nervous function.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2009

We investigated the effects of acupuncture stimulation on pulse wave variables and heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy adults. To evaluate twenty healthy volunteers (10 men, 10 women) had acupuncture into both Hapkok (Ll4) and Taechung (Liv3) for 15 minutes. Radial pulse, Heart Rate Variability, body temperature and blood pressure were checked before and after acupuncture to evaluate Pulse Wave Variability and Autonomous Function. The results were as follows; Heart rate was significantly increased while systolic blood pressure (mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) were significantly increased after acupuncture treatment. Sixteen subjects didn't change representative pulse wave variables after acupuncture treatment. Energy, height of main peak (H1), height of pre-dicrotic valley (H2) and height of descending valley (H4) were decreased while height of dicrotic peak (H5) was significantly decreased after acupuncture treatment. Time to main peak (T1), time to pre-dicrotic valley (T2), time to dicrotic peak (T5), total time (T) and T-T4 were decreased while time to descending valley (T4) was increased after acupuncture treatment. Total area (At), area of main peak (Aw) and ratio of diastolic period area (Ad) were decreased while ratio of systolic period area (As) and angle of main peak (MPA) were increased after acupuncture treatment. The standard deviation of all normal RR intervals (SDNN) was increased while the root mean square of successive differences between the normal heart beats (RMSSD) was significantly increased after acupuncture treatment by time domain analysis. Low frequency power (LF) and LF/HF ratio were decreased while high frequency power (HF) was significantly increased after acupuncture treatment by frequency domain analysis. This study suggests that acupuncture treatment changes pulse wave variability and heart rate variability. Further study on various acupuncture treatment for pulse wave variability and heart rate variability is required.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of Cyperus rotundus L. essential oil on relaxation in highly stressed volunteers with heart rate variability(HRV) and electroencephalography(EEG). Methods : 11 highly stressed volunteers participated in this study. The volunteers were examined with HRV and EEG before and after inhalation of Cyperus rotundus L. essential oil. Results : After smelling Cyperus rotundus L. essential oil, mean RR(mean of RR intervals) was incresed significantly(p<0.01), mean HRV(mean of heart rate), HF(high frequency) were decreased significantly(p<0.01). norm LF(low frequency), LF/HF ratio were decreased significantly(p<0.05), norm HF(normalized high frequency) was increased significantly(p<0.05) on HRV. After smelling Cyperus rotundus L. essential oil, relative ${\theta}$ power was decreased significantly(p<0.05) at P3(left parietal) and relative ${\alpha}$ power was increased significantly(p<0.05) at Fp1(left prefrontal), Fp2(right prefrontal) and relative ${\beta}$ power was decreased significantly(p<0.05) at Fp1(left prefrontal) and relative ${\gamma}$ power was decreased significantly(p<0.05) at Fp1(left prefrontal) on EEG. Conclusions : This results show that inhalation of Cyperus rotundus L. essential oil effects on relaxation and decreasing stress.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2011

심박 변이도 (HRV) 분석은 심근허혈 (MI)를 평가하기 위한 편리한 도구이다. HRV에 대한 분석법은 시간 영역과 주파수 영역 분석으로 나눠질 수 있다. 본 논문은 단기간의 HRV 분석에 있어서 웨이블릿 변환을 주파수 영역 분석과 시간 영역 분석 비교하기 위하여 사용하였다. ST-T와 정상 에피소드는 각각 European ST-T 데이터베이스와 MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm 데이터베이스에서 각각 수집되었다. 한 에피소드는 32개 연속하는 RR 간격으로 나눠질 수 있다. 18개 HRV 특징은 시간과 주파수 영역 분석을 통하여 추출된다. 가종 퍼지소속함수 신경망 (NEWFM)은 추출된 18개의 특징을 이용하여 심근허혈을 진단하였다. 결과는 보여주는 평균 정확도로부터 시간영역과 주파수영역의 특징은 각각 75.29%와 80.93%이다.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.15-31
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• 2011

Objective : The study aims to investigate the effect of moxibustion treatments on autonomic nervous system function of cancer patients through the evaluation of heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback testing. Materials and Methods : Six cancer patients from inpatient care unit of Dunsan Oriental Hospital, Daejeon University were given three moxibustion treatment sessions every other day over one week period on five Oriental Medicine meridian points CV4, CV6, CV12, KD1, and PC8. HRV biofeedback was conducted before and after each treatment sessions. Three areas of analyses were done from the test conducted; Time Domain Analysis, Frequency Domain Analysis and Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) balance analysis. Results : Time Domain Analysis has shown increased Standard Deviation of all Normal R-R Intervals (SDNN), and decreased Mean Heart Rate and Physical Stress Index (PSI) levels, with statistical significance (P<0.05). In Frequency Domain Analysis, series of moxa treatments have increased Total Power (TP), Very Low Frequency Oscillation Power (VLF), High Frequency Oscillation Power (HF), normalized HF values while decreasing Low Frequency Oscillation Power (LF), normalized LF and LF/HF ratio with statistical significance (P<0.05). The values of ANS activity, ANS balance, Stress resistance, Stress index, have also shown significant changes. For cardiac stability stroke volume power (SP) and Blood Vessel Tension (BVT) were followed, which were both increased after treatment. All changes were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion : The results have shown a positive correlation between the moxibustion treatments and autonomic nervous system responses on cancer patients through the HRV biofeedback testing. This study suggests possible application of moxibustion treatments for managing ANS functions of cancer patients, although additional studies with larger population are necessary to confirm the data.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2011

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the effect of four common types of Qigong position (standing, sitting, supine, and horse-riding position) on the autonomic nervous system. Method : Thirty healthy subjects participated in this study once a week for four weeks. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) was measured three times (before, during, and after the position) while the subject maintained one of four positions for ten minutes. Result : There were significant changes HRV in the standing position. In the sitting position, both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves were activated. On the other hand, in the spine position, heart rate (HR) was decreased. Activation of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves was also observed in this position. Significant increases of indices related to awakening and concentration were observed accompanied by increase of HR and a sympathetic nerve was activated in the riding-horse position. Conclusions : In the present study, it was shown that each Qigong position caused various and significant changes in autonomic nervous system. It would be expected that these results can be applied to choose appropriate Qigong position according to objective of Qigong therapy although it is remained to further evaluate the effects of long-term maintenance of Qigong positions and repeated Qigong training.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture at $CV_{17}$ for reducing mental stress using power spectrum analysis of the heart rate variability(HRV). Methods : 30 healthy volunteers(control group: 15, experimental group: 15) participated in this study. After instrumentation and 5-minutes rest period, mental stress by operation was provided for 5-minutes. HRV was recorded before and after the mental stress. And then the control group rested for 15-minutes. The experimental group was injected Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture at $CV_{17}$ and rested for 15-minutes. And then HRV was recorded. Results : In simple rest group, LF norm and HF norm showed a significant change after mental stress. In pharmacopuncture group, LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF showed a significant change after mental stress. But there were no significant difference between two groups(p>0.05). In pharmacopuncture group, LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF showed a significant change after pharmacopuncture injection. There were significant difference between two groups(p<0.01). Conclusions : The result suggests that Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture at $CV_{17}$(Jeonjung) can regulate and prevent the alteration of autonomic nerve system due to mental stress.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate heart rate variability (HRV) characteristics of cold pattern with repeated measurement data. Participants were taken from a Daejeon University cohort study from 2015 to 2018. Forty-seven of the participants studied displayed cold pattern while 23 showed signs of non-cold pattern. HRV was measured in supine position for 5 minutes at each year, and an 8-item cold pattern questionnaire was used for the diagnosis of cold pattern. SDNN (standard deviation of the NN intervals) and RMSSD (the square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals) were used as time domain analysis, and TP (total power), VLF (power in very low frequency range), LF (power in low frequency range), HF (power in high frequency range), LF norm (LF power in normalized units), HF norm (HF power in normalized units) and LF/HF were used as frequency domain analysis. In the Mann-Whitney U test, LF norm, HF norm, and LF/HF showed differences between the cold pattern group and non-cold pattern group at every measurement, and in the independent t-test, the differences were also observed at three points except for the baseline (2015). In the repeated measures ANOVA, the interaction effects were not observed in all HRV parameters, but the time period effects were observed in SDNN, RMSSD, TP, VLF, LF and HF. There were significant differences between those two groups in LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF. This study suggests that LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF might be a useful indicator of cold pattern properties.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review on current status of use and measurement condition of heart rate variability(HRV) by reviewing clinical studies published in journal of Korean medicine registered Korea citraion index(KCI). Methods : One hundred twenty articles were found by searching the representative Korean databases. At first analysis was performed by current status of use(journal, academic field of corresponing author, purpose of study, disease of subject, HRV measurement devices, intervention methods and tests compared to HRV). At second analysis was performed by measurement condition(uncontrolled study, relaxation before measurement, measurement position, measurement place, measurement time period and restriction of smoking, alcohol, caffeine, meal). Results : The analysis showed that department of acupuncture & moxibustion, department of oriental neuropsychiatry are major part in journal & academic field. The purpose of study were classified under studies to verify therapeutic effect on normal subject(39%), to verify therapeutic effect on the patients(8%), to investigate characteristics of the patients(34%) and to be compared with other test(19%). Disease of subject & measurement devices in article were so various. Major intervention methods were acupuncture(61.4%), mind-body intervention(19.2%). Studies that measurement condition were not controlled were relax time(24%), measurement position(19%), measurement place(26%), measurement time period(91%) and restriction of smoking, alcohol, caffeine, meal(49%). Conclusions : This study showed that current status of use of HRV is widespread in Korean medicine but more controlled measurement conditon are needed to get more reliable result from clinical studies and to improve diagnosis and treatment of Korean medicine.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.409-415
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• 2015

This study compared the heart rate variability tests of healthy college students and chronic fatigue patients for 2 years. Study subjects were idiopathic chronic fatigue patients who carried out the HRV tests and students conducted HRV test when health screening test. Study subjects were 250 people, 104 people and men (41.6%), women were 146 patients (58.4%). In patient group, the autonomic nervous system activity was decreased, the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced compared to the control group(Patient:84.17±16.27, Control:98.33±17.28). Regardless of gender, patient group's autonomic nervous system activity was decreased, the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced, compared to the control group(Patient Female:84.17±16.27, Patient Male:84.07±14.96/Control Female:98.33±17.28, Control Male:96.45±16.92). Even though same ages, patient group's autonomic nervous activity was reduced compared to control group(Patient:89.36±12.43, Control:97.39±16.91). Fatigue patients' activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced, regardless of the fact that activity of the sympathetic nerve is increased and the parasympathetic nerve is decreased in stress state like an impassioned injury(七情傷). Therefore HRV test is useful to diagnose Fatigue from this study.