• 열처리공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2007

고출력 다이오드레이저(High Power Diode Laser, HPDL)는 독일을 중심으로 한 유럽내의 여러 국가에서 적용분야를 점차 높여가고 있으며, 금속소재에 있어서의 높은 흡수율 및 발진장치의 높은 에너지 변환효율이 중요한 요인이라고 할 수 있다. 레이저소스로부터 출력되는 사각형 또는 라인형의 레이저-빔은 다이오드레이저를 이용한 금속의 열처리분야에 매우 적합하며, 이미 Body-in-White 차체(Car Body) 양산라인의 브레이징 공정에는 수 년 전부터 실제 적용되어왔다. 또한, 다양한 빔 형상, 균일한 에너지 밀도, 낮은 운전비용, 간단한 유지보수, 좁은 설치공간, 손쉽게 이동이 가능한 구조, 광케이블을 이용한 레이저-빔의 전송 등 여러 장점으로 인하여 보다 유연하고 효과적인 생산환경을 구축할 수 있다는 것 또한 다이오드레이저의 응용분야를 확대하는 요인이 되었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.961-969
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• 2007

The laser material processing has replaced a conventional material processing such as a welding, cutting, drilling and surface modification and so on. LTH(Laser Transformation Hardening) is one branch of the laser surface modification process. A lot of energy is needed for the LTH process to elevate workpiece surface to temperature of the austenite transformation($A_3$), which results from utilizing a beam with a larger size and lower power intensity comparatively. The absorptivity of the laser energy with respect to material depends on the wave length of a beam. This study is related to the surface hardening for the rod-shaped carbon steel by the high power diode laser(HPDL) whose beam absorptivity is better than conventional types of lasers such as $CO_2$ or Nd:YAG laser. Because a beam proceeds on the rotating specimen the pretreated hardened-phase can be tempered and softened by the overlapping between hardened tracks. Accordingly, the longitudinal hardness measurement and observation of the micro structure was carried out for an assessment of the hardening characteristics. In addition, a hardening characteristics as a hardenability of materials was compared in the point of view of the hardness distribution and hardening depth and width.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.339-344
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• 2009

Recently, Laser surface treatment technologies have been used to improve wear charactenitics and fatigue resistance of metal molding. When the laser beam is irradiated on the surface and laser speed is appropriate, the laser focal position is rapidly heated and the thermal energy of surface penetrates the material after irradiation, finally imbuing it with a new mechanical characteristic by the process of self-quenching. This research estimates the material characteristic after efficient and functional surface treatment using HPDL, which is more efficient than the existing CW Nd:YAG laser heat source. To estimate this, microstructural changes and hardness characteristics of three parts (the surface treatment part, heat affect zone, and parental material) are observed with the change of laser beam speed and surface temperature. Moreover, the depth of the hardened area is observed with the change of the laser beam speed and temperature. From the results of the experiments, it has been shown that the maximum hardness is approximately 788Hv when the heat treatment temperature and the travel speed are $1150^{\circ}$ and 2 mm/sec, respectively.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.600-607
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• 2011

고탄소강은 사용자가 요구하는 특성을 만족시키기 위해 침탄, 질화, 고주파담금질 등에 의해 표면처리 되어져 왔다. 그러나 기존의 처리 방법은 모두 처리물 전체를 가열하거나 균일한 가열을 하지 못하여 표면처리 후 변형의 문제와 처리후의 후가공의 경비문제, 그리고 극히 일부분만 경화가 필요한 부품에는 적용하기 어려운 문제점이 있었다. 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 표면처리법으로로써 레이저열처리 방법이 대두대고 있으며, 레이저열처리는 레이저 빔을 피처리물의 표면에 조사하고 적당한 속도로 이동을 하게 되면 레이저조사부위가 급속하게 가열되고 레이저 빔이 통과한 후에는 표면의 열이 내부로 열전도 되어 급속히 자기냉각(self-quenching)됨으로써 표면에 새로운 기계적 성질을 갖게 하는 열처리법이다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 CW Nd:YAG 레이저 열원보다 효율이 좋은 HPDL을 이용한 고효율, 고기능의 고탄소강 열처리 후 재료적 물성을 평가하였다. 그 결과 레이저빔의 조사속도 및 온도변화에 따른 열처리부 및 모재 부분에 대한 경도특성 및 미세조직의 특성을 명확히 할 수 있었다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2010

Recently, metal molding has become essential not only for automobile parts, but also mass production, and has greatly influenced production costs as well as the quality of products. Its surface has been treated by carburizing, nitriding and induction hardening, but these existing treatments cause considerable deformation and increase the expense of postprocessing after treatment; furthermore, these treatments cannot be easily applied to parts that requiring the hardening of only a certain section. This is because the treatment cannot heat the material homogeneously, nor can it heat all of it. Laser surface treatment was developed to overcome these disadvantages, and, when the laser beam is irradiated on the surface and laser speed is appropriate, the laser focal position is rapidly heated and the thermal energy of surface penetrates the material after irradiation, finally imbuing it with a new mechanical characteristic by the process of self-quenching. This research estimates the material characteristic after efficient and functional surface treatment using HPDL, which is more efficient than the existing CW Nd:YAG laser heat source.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.457-461
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• 2009

Recently, metal molding has become essential not only for automobile parts, but also mass production, and has greatly influenced production costs as well as the quality of products. Its surface has been treated by carburizing, nitriding and induction hardening, but these existing treatments cause considerable deformation and increase the expense of postprocessing after treatment; furthermore, these treatments cannot be easily applied to parts that requiring the hardening of only a certain section. This is because the treatment cannot heat the material homogeneously, nor can it heat all of it. Laser surface treatment was developed to overcome these disadvantages, and, when the laser beam is irradiated on the surface and laser speed is appropriate, the laser focal position is rapidly heated and the thermal energy of surface penetrates the material after irradiation, finally imbuing it with a new mechanical characteristic by the process of self-quenching. This research estimates the material characteristic after efficient and functional surface treatment using HPDL, which is more efficient than the existing CW Nd:YAG laser heat source. To estimate this, microstructural changes and hardness characteristics of three parts (the surface treatment part, heat affect zone, and parental material) are observed with the change of laser beam speed and surface temperature. Moreover, the depth of the hardened area is observed with the change of the laser beam speed and temperature.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.646-652
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• 2011

Recently, lots of automobile part manufacturers try to increase glass fiber content of their plastic parts to improve strength and impact-resistance. For this reason, injection mold requires high hardness and wear-resistant. Laser surface treatment is used to improve characteristics of wear and to enhance the fatigue resistance for injection mold. In this paper, high carbon steel (HP4MA) for injection mold material was heat-treated to harden surface by using high power diode laser (HPDL). To find the process parameters for laser surface treatment of HP4MA, many experiments are carried out as changing the parameters of surface temperature and travel speed of laser. From the results of the experiments, it has been shown that the maximum average hardness is approximately 711~739 Hv when the temperature and the travel of laser are $1,050^{\circ}C$ and 2 mm/sec.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.963-970
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• 2010

This study makes an estimate of the laser-assisted machining (LAM) of an economically viable process for manufacturing precision silicon nitride ceramic parts using a high-power diode laser (HPDL). The surface is locally heated by an intense laser source prior to material removal, and the resulting softening and damage of the workpiece surface simplify the machining of the ceramics. The most important advantage of LAM is its ability to produce much better workpiece surface quality compared to conventional machining. Also important are its larger material removal rates and longer tool life. The cutting force and surface temperature were measured on-line using a pyrometer and a dynamometer, respectively. Tool wear, chips and the surface of the workpiece were measured using optical microscopy, and the surface and fractured cross-section of $Si_3N_4$ were measured by SEM. During the LAM process, the cutting force and tool wear were reduced and oxidation of the machined surface was increased according to the increase in the laser power. Moreover, the more the feed rate increased, the more the cutting force and tool wear increased.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.41.1-41.1
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• 2009

최근 금형은 자동차뿐만 아니라 여러 산업에서 필수적이며 제품의 품질은 물론 제조원가에 막대한 영향을 미친다. 이러한 금형은 침탄, 질화, 고주파담금질등에 의해 표면처리 되어져 왔으나, 이와 같이 기존의 처리 방법은 모두 처리물 전체를 가열하거나 균일한 가열을 하지 못하기 때문에 변형의 문제와 처리후의 후가공의 경비 문제, 그리고 극히 일부분만 경화가 필요한 부품에는 적용하기 어려운 문제점이 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 표면처리로서 레이저 표면처리 방법이 대두되고 있으며, 레이저 표면처리는 레이저 빔을 피처리물의 표면에 조사하고 적당한 속도로 이동을 하게 되면 레이저조사부위가 급속하게 가열되고 레이저빔이 통과한 후에는 표면의 열이 내부로 열전도 되어 급속히 자기냉각(Self-quenching)됨으로서 표면에 새로운 기계적 성질을 갖게 하는 표면처리법이다. 이와 같이 레이저를 이용한 표면처리로 기존의 CW Nd:YAG 레이저 열원보다 효율이 좋은 HPDL(High Power Diode Laser)를 이용한 고효율, 고기능 금형 표면처리 후 재료적 물성을 평가하고자 한다. 평가방법은 레이저빔의 조사속도 및 온도변화에 따른 표면처리부, 열영향부 그리고 모재 부분에 대한 경도특성 및 미세조직 변화를 관찰하였다. 또한 조사속도 및 온도변화에 대해 경화깊이를 관찰하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.364-370
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• 2011

Currently, there are two main issues regarding the development of core technologies in the automotive industry: the development of environmentally friendly vehicles and securing a high level of safety in the event of an accident. As part of the efforts to address these issues, research into alternative materials and new car body manufacturing and assembly technologies is necessary, and this has been carried out mainly by the automotive industries. Large press molds for producing car body parts are made of cast iron. With the increase of automobile production and various changes of design, the press forming process of car body parts has become more difficult. In the case of large press molds, high hardness and abrasive resistance are needed. To overcome these problems, we attempted to develop a combined heat treatment process consisting of local laser heat treatment followed by plasma nitriding, and evaluated the characteristics of the proposed heat treatment method. From the results of the experiments, it has been shown that the maximum surface hardness is 864 Hv by the laser heat treatment, 953 Hv by the plasma nitriding, and 1,094 Hv by the combined heat treatment. It is anticipated that the suggested combined heat treatment can be used to evaluate the durability of press mold.