• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.85-88
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• 2010

Deep blue organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated using 5 wt.% doped BCzVBi with various blue host materials such as NPB, DPVBi, MADN and TPBi. A blue OLED device, using DPVBi as host material, was constructed via NPB ($500\;{\AA}$) / DPVBi:BCzVBi ($200\;{\AA}$) / Bphen ($300\;{\AA}$) / LiF ($20\;{\AA}$) / Al ($1,000\;{\AA}$) and it shows a maximum luminescence of $4,838\;cd/m^2$, a current density of $32.7\;mA/cm^2$, a luminous efficiency of 3.3 cd/A and CIExy coordinates of (0.19, 0.15) at 4.5 V whereas the luminous efficiencies and CIExy coordinates of other blue OLEDs using NPB, MADN and TPBi as host materials have 1.1, 2.6 and 2.0 cd/A and (0.15, 0.11), (0.15, 0.10) and (0.15, 0.10), respectively. Energy transfer mechanisms between BCzVBi and its host materials were discussed with an energy band structure of host materials.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 2003

The major objective of this paper is to propose the method of attacker and host modeling for cyber-attack simulation. In the security modeling and simulation for information assurance, it is essential the modeling of attacker that is able to generate various cyber-attack scenarios as well as the modeling of host, which is able to represent behavior on attack concretely The security modeling and simulation, which was announced by Cohen, Nong Ye and etc., is too simple to concretely analyze attack behavior on the host. And, the attacker modeling, which was announced by CERT, Laura and etc., is impossible to represent complex attack excepting fixed forms. To deal with this problem, we have accomplished attacker modeling by adopted the rule-based SES which integrates the existing SES with rule-based expert system for synthesis and performed host modeling by using the DEVS formalism. Our approach is to show the difference from others in that (ⅰ) it is able to represent complex and repetitive attack, (ⅱ) it automatically generates the cyber-attack scenario suitable on the target system, (ⅲ) it is able to analyze host's behavior of cyber attack concretely. Simulation tests performed on the sample network verify the soundness of proposed method.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.233-240
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• 1991

A female Brachymeria lasus (Walker) was exposed to one or four pupae of host Hyphantria cunea Drury for 20 minutes within a petri dish $(1.5\times9cm)$ to learn factors influencing the host discrimination by the parasitoid. It rejected the parasitized host with its rejection ratio 73.3% for the one pupal exposure vs 100% for the four pupal exposure scheme. The parasitoid could discriminate the parasitized host by its antennal drumming and ovipositor probing due to a pheromone-like external marking which is effective only for a certain peiod of time, and a host quality associated with the parasitoid development, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.710-717
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• 2015

Humankind has been searching for medicinal materials from various plant sources in an attempt to treat disease. Mistletoe is one indubitable plant source for these materials due to its effectiveness in treating various diseases, but it has almost disappeared from the mountainous areas of Korea due to excessive harvesting. In this study, in order to select host tree species for Korean mistletoe [Viscum album var. coloratum (Kom.) Ohwi] by seed inoculation and to clarify the effect of host specificity among various tree species were conducted for the purpose of gaining basic information for the artificial cultivation of Korean mistletoe. Almost all the seeds of Korean mistletoe germinated in vitro at the temperature of 15℃. Among host trees used in this study, Prunus mume showed the highest parasitic affinity with inoculated Korean mistletoe, compared with any other host plants. However, treatment of hormones could not increase the low survival rate of Korean mistletoe on the host trees.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.487-488
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• 2015

In type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) cosmology, a well-established correlation exists between the mass of host galaxies and the Hubble residual (HR) of SNe Ia. In order to investigate the origin of this correlation, we used low-resolution spectroscopic data of early-type host galaxies obtained from our YOnsei Nearby Supernovae Evolution Investigation (YONSEI) project. We measured velocity dispersions and Lick/IDS absorption line indices from these fully calibrated spectra. These indices were used to estimate the luminosity-weighted mean age, metallicity and mass of host galaxies. We found a tight correlation between host mass and population age, which is consistent with the "downsizing" trend in early-type galaxies. This suggests that the well-established correlation between HR and host mass is most likely due to the difference in population age. More observations, which are in progress, are required to understand the impact of luminosity evolution on SNe Ia cosmology.

• The Journal of Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2004

In the current Internet, IP addresses does not support Mobility and Multi-homming because it depend on their topological location. To resolve these problems, IETF hip WG introduces Host Identity Protocol that separates the endpoint identifier and locator roles of IP addresses. However the DNS that was presented for the HIP had only a part of the expansion design from the existing DNS function, so it was not an absolute complete method. This paper propose how the dymanic DNS has been designed so that it support the HIP completely. We added the Host Identity Namespace and the Rendezvous Server Namespace, defined the new PRs in DNS.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.310-316
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were to identify the aecial host ranges of four Korean Gymnosporangium species, G. asiaticum, G. cornutum, Gjaponicum and Gyamadae, and to verify the morphological characteristics of telia as diagnostic keys to the species. Thirteen Korean Rosaceous woody species were artificially inoculated with teliospores obtained from Juniperus species. There was high specificity between telial and aecial hosts and the fungal species, providing the first experimental proof on host alternation of these rust fungi in Korea. Telia on the witches' broom and on the small galls were identified as new telial characteristics in G asiaticum and in G. yamadae, respectively. Aecial hosts of G. asiaticum and G. yamadae showed varying responses in their susceptibility and in the days required for formation and duration of spermogonia and aecia after inoculation. Four telial host species in Juniperus were confirmed for the first time in Korea, which include J. chinensis var. kaizuka, J. chinensis var. horizontalis and J. chinensis var. globosa for G. asiaticum; and J. chinensis var. kaizuka for G. yamadae.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 1994

We obtained the total protein antibodies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 1720 and Escherichia coli K-12 from the rabbit and the guinea pig to determine the host-derived proteins which may be remained in biotechnological products. The protein concentration of rabbit antibodies was 4.05 mg/mι in the case of yeast, 7.14 mg/mι in the case of E. coli and that of guinea pig antibodies was 1.90 mg/mι in the case of yeast, 7.17 mg/mι in the case of E. coli, respectively. To determine remained host-derived proteins in biotechnological products which produced by the hosts, S. cerevisiae or E. coli, we used a sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method in 96 well microplate. When the method applied to determine the remained host-derived proteins in commercial biotechnological products, it detected less than 3.5 ng/vial in human growth hormone, less than 1 ng/vial in hepatitis B vaccine and interferon-${\gamma}$ and 2~23 ng/vial in interferon-$\alpha$. The method can be used to determine the remained host-derived protein in biotechnological products.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.851-865
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• 2021

Enterprise networks in the PyeongChang Winter Olympics were hacked in February 2018. According to a domestic security company's analysis report, attackers destroyed approximately 300 hosts with the aim of interfering with the Olympics. Enterprise have no choice but to rely on digital vaccines since it is overwhelming to analyze all programs executed in the host used by ordinary users. However, traditional vaccines cannot protect the host against variant or new malware because they cannot detect intrusions without signatures for malwares. To overcome this limitation of signature-based detection, there has been much research conducted on the behavior analysis of malwares. However, since most of them rely on a sandbox where only analysis target program is running, we cannot detect malwares intruding the host where many normal programs are running. Therefore, this study proposes a method to detect malware variants in the host through logs rather than the sandbox. The proposed method extracts common behaviors from variants group and finds characteristic behaviors optimized for querying. Through experimentation on 1,584,363 logs, generated by executing 6,430 malware samples, we prove that there exist the common behaviors that variants share and we demonstrate that these behaviors can be used to detect variants.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.1184-1192
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• 2019

The influenza A virus is a highly infectious respiratory pathogen that sickens many people with respiratory disease annually. To prevent outbreaks of this viral infection, an understanding of the characteristics of virus-host interaction and development of an anti-viral agent is urgently needed. The influenza A virus can infect mammalian species including humans, pigs, horses and seals. Furthermore, this virus can switch hosts and form a novel lineage. This so-called zoonotic infection provides an opportunity for virus adaptation to the new host and leads to pandemics. Most influenza A viruses express proteins that antagonize the antiviral defense of the host cell. The non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the influenza A virus is the most important viral regulatory factor controlling cellular processes to modulate host cell gene expression and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated antiviral response. This review focuses on the influenza A virus NS1 protein and outlines current issues including the life cycle of the influenza A virus, structural characterization of the influenza A virus NS1, interaction between NS1 and host immune response factor, and design of inhibitors resistant to the influenza A virus.