• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.791-794
• /
• 2000

Two hundred sixteen crossbred ($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$) castrates with an average weight of $7.4{\pm}0.3kg$ were used in a $3{\times}3$ factorial treatment array. The treatments were three levels of Herb mixture (HM; 0, 0.40 and 0.80 g/kg BW/day) and three levels of dietary nutrient (17.30% CP, Level-1; 17.90% CP, Level-2; and 18.50% CP, Level-3). The influence of HM intake and nutrient level on growth performance and ADG in 0.40- and 0.80-HM pigs increased significantly (p<0.01) as nutritional level was elevated. Although very little enhancement of ADG was observed at Level-1, peak ADG occurred in 0.8-HM treated pigs at Level-3. Feeding of 0.80 g HM/kg/d to pigs consuming Level-1 diet resulted in a 8.7% increase in ADG compared with control pigs, whereas the increase in ADG as a result of 0.80-HM with Level-3 treatment was 39%. ADFI in Level-2 pigs improved linearly (p<0.01) as HM level was increased. Treatment with HM resulted in a 12.0% increase ranging 4.7 to 20% in the ADFI compared with respective controls. ADFI at all nutritional level was significantly higher in 0.80-HM pigs (p<0.02). F/G in Level-2 pigs improved significantly as HM was fed (p<0.01), and in HM-0.80 pigs was also significantly improved as nutritional level was increased (p<0.05). Pigs fed HM had higher bone mineral density (BMD) at Level-1, longer dorsal spine length (DSL) at level-2 (p<0.05) than pigs fed basal diets. Pigs fed HM tended to higher BMD and DSL than those fed basal diets. The level of GH secretion declined with age. There was no difference between treatments (p>0.05) in the serum growth hormone at the same age. The GH was higher in pigs fed HM than those fed basal diets and increased in all pigs after 2wks feeding. A positive effect of added Herb-Mix on growth performance in weaned pigs was demonstrated by measuring the serum growth hormone, bone mineral density and length of dorsal spine.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2015

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of herbal medication (HM) on laying performance, blood parameter, and immune response in laying hens. A total of 800 Hy-Line Brown laying hens of 60 weeks of age were randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments with four replicates per treatment. Three additional diets were prepared by adding 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 % of HM to the basal diet. Feeding trial lasted 7 weeks under 16L:8D lighting regimen. The diet and water were available ad libitum. Hen-day egg production in groups fed diets with 0.5% and 1.5% HM was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of control. Feed conversion ratio in group fed diet with 0.5% HM showed the lowest value (P<0.05). Egg weight, feed intake, broken and shell-less egg production were not affected HM supplementation levels. Egg yolk color was significantly greater in all HM supplemented groups than basal treatment. However, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, eggshell color, and Haugh units were not affected by HM supplementation level. There were no differences in leukocyte counts among the treatments. Plamsa IgM concentration was (P<0.05) higher in all HM treated groups. In conclusion, dietary HM improved egg production, and IgM of laying hens.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.1046-1050
• /
• 2007

To investigate the growth promoting effects of an herbal medicine formulation (HM-10), Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats (3 weeks old) were divided into 3 groups (8 rats/group). The control group was given a daily oral administration of saline, and the treatment groups, HM-1 and HM-2, were given daily administrations of HM-10 (500 and 1,000 mg/kg BW, respectively). The cumulative tibial bone growth of the HM-1 and HM-2 groups (22.5 and 20.8 mm, respectively), and their cumulative femur bone growth (19.4 and 18.2 mm, respectively), were significantly different compared to the control group (7.5 mm of tibial growth and 7.7 mm of femur growth) (p<0.05). Lastly, the growth hormone levels of the HM-1 and HM-2 groups (1.70 and 1.79 ng/mL, respectively), as well as their insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels (165.1 and 171.7 ng/mL, respectively) showed significant differences compared to the control (0.93 ng/mL of growth hormone and 125.6 ng/mL of IGF-1) (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.351-355
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the influences of resistant starch (HM: HI-MAIZE) and HM-D (HI-MAIZE DIET) fortified with D-factor (consisted of Psyliium husk, polydextrose and hydrocitric acid) on the glucose and bile acid absorption and production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA). HM-D absorbed more glucose and bile acid than did HM. The glucose transport of HM and HM-D against dialysis membrane showed 77% and 68% for 4h, respectively. After 24h, bile acid transport of HM and HM -D showed 65% and 62.3%, respectively. The HM and HM-D produced 217.8 mM and 264.0mM of SCFA, respectively. The production of butyric acid in HM-D (32.7mM) showed higher than that of HM (26.9mM). The addition of D-factor to HM increased the physiological function of dietary fiber through the glucose and bile acid absorption and production of SCFA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.33 no.7
• /
• pp.1133-1138
• /
• 2004

This study has been carried out to investigate the effect of the administration of Rhemanniae Radix extract (5.0 mL/kg/day, RR group) on the hyperglycemic mice (HM group) induced with streptozotocin (STZ). In blood glucose level, RR group showed a significant decrease compared with HM group. The result of glucose tolerance test was more favorable in RR than HM group. A lot of insulin-positive cells and insulin-like growth factor-II positive materials were observed in RR group. A number of apoptotic particles were observed in the HM group, but several apoptotic nuclei were found in RR group. Pancreatic islets of HM group were destructed by the administration of STZ, but islets were recovered from damage in the RR group. These results suggest that administration of Rhemanniae Radix extract to the hyperglycemic mice prevent from the damage induced by STZ.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.35-37
• /
• 1986

To reduce the number of rearing season required for preservation of multivoltine silkworms which do not produce diapause eggs, the optimal egg stage, temperature, and period of cold storage were examinede using hatchability as an indicator of viability. Multivoltine silkworm starains MR, SPT, and HM were used in the study. 1. The hatchability of multivoltine silkworm eggs (MR and STP) preserve at 5$^{\circ}C$ for 30 days was 80% for the eggs chilled from 2 days after oviposition but less 5% for those chilled from 7 days after ovipostion. 2. When 2 day-old eggs of multivoltine silkworm (HM) were preserved between -2.5$^{\circ}C$ to 7.5$^{\circ}C$ for 15 to 60 days, $0^{\circ}C$ and 2.5$^{\circ}C$ showed the highest hatchability with 91% at 30 days and 61% at 60 days storage, respectively. 3. From these results, it can be concluded that by preserving 2 day-old eggs at 2.5$^{\circ}C$ for 50 to 60 days, rearing seasons required for preservation of the multivoltine silkworm can be reduced to half per year.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.21 no.7
• /
• pp.766-775
• /
• 2011

We investigated the effect of high molecular weight polygamma- glutamic acid (hm ${\gamma}$-PGA) on adiposity and lipid metabolism of rats in the presence of an obesity-inducing diet. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a normal-fat (11.4% kcal fat, NFC) or high-fat (51% kcal fat, HFC) diet. After 5 weeks, half of each diet-fed group was treated with hm ${\gamma}$-PGA (NFP or HFP) for 4 weeks. The HFC group had significantly higher body weight, visceral fat mass, fasting serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and leptin, and lower serum HDL cholesterol level compared with those of the NFC group (p < 0.05). Treatment with hm ${\gamma}$-PGA decreased body weight gain and perirenal fat mass (p<0.05), fasting serum total cholesterol, and mRNA expression of glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), regardless of dietary fat contents (p < 0.01). However, hm ${\gamma}$-PGA increased serum HDL cholesterol in the HFC group (p < 0.05). In vitro, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A (HMGCoA) reductase activity was suppressed by the addition of hm ${\gamma}$-PGA. In agreement with observations in animal study, the supplementation of hm ${\gamma}$-PGA (150 mg/day) to 20 female subjects in an 8-week double-blind, placebocontrolled study resulted in a tendency to decrease total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol concentrations. We thus conclude that dietary supplementation of hm ${\gamma}$-PGA may act as a hypocholestrolemic agent, secondary to its inhibitor effect on HMG-CoA reductase, and decrease abdominal adiposity by decreasing hepatic lipogenesis. The present study is an important first step in establishing the effect of hm ${\gamma}$-PGA on cholesterol levels in rats and humans.

• International Journal of Korean Welding Society
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2003

The abrasion and impact wear resistance were investigated on the hardfacing weld dispersed with the recycled hard metal(HM). The HM was composed of the tungsten carbide(WC) reinforced metal matrix composite. The cored wire filled with the 35 wt.％ HM and 0­6 wt.％ of the alloying element, Fe­75Mn­7C(FeMnC), was used for the gas metal arc(GMA) welding. The FeMnC addition to the 35 wt.％ HM did not improve the abrasion wear property since the amount of the tungsten carbide formed was decreased with respect to the FeMnC amount. However, the 6 wt.％ FeMnC addition to the 35 wt.％ HM exhibited the better impact wear resistance than the hardfacing weld by the 40 wt.％ HM.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.46 no.6
• /
• pp.717-724
• /
• 2013

To characterize the food components of two mussels (wild hard-shelled mussel (HM) Mytilus coruscus, and cultured sea mussel (SM) Mytilus edulis) in Korea, we examined the proximate composition, fatty composition, amino acid/mineral content, texture, collagen content and chemical and taste compounds. Regarding the proximate composition, HM had lower moisture levels and higher crude protein and carbohydrate contents than SM. The amino nitrogen, volatile basic nitrogen and total amino acid contents of HM and SM were 250.6 and 227.3 mg/100 g, 11.2 and 12.0 mg/100 g, and 17,451.1 and 15,334.8 mg/100 g, respectively. The major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, alanine, lysine and arginine. The major fatty acids of HM and SM were 14:0, 16:0, 16:1n-7, 20:5n-3, and 22:6n-3, which did not differ significantly between the two mussels. HM had a higher n-3 polyene ratio, and a lower saturate and monoene ratio than SM. Regarding the taste-active compounds, the free amino acid contents of HM and SM were 1,116.5 and 961.8 mg/100 g, respectively, and the major free amino acids were taurine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, citrulline, lysine and arginine. The primary minerals in both HM and SM were Na, Cl, K and P which did not differ significantly between the two mussels. The soluble and insolube collagen contents of HM and SM were 265.8 and 228.4 mg/100 g, and 119.5 and 121.8 mg/100 g, respectively.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.429-435
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of preoperative FDG-PET in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with hepatic metastasis (HM). Materials and Methods: 24 CRC patients (M:F=14:10; age, $63{\pm}10$ yrs) with HM who had undergone preoperative FDG PET were included. Cure-intent surgery was performed in all the patients and HMs were controlled using resection (n=13), radio-frequency ablation (RFA) (n=7), and resection plus RFA (n=4). Potential prognostic markers tested were maxSUV of primary tumor, maxSUV of HM, maxSUV ratio of HM over primary tumor (M/P ratio), histologic grade, CEA level, venous/lymphatic/nerve invasion, T stage, N stage, no. of HM, no. of lymph node metastasis, and treatment modality of HM. Results: 14 CRC patients developed a recurrence with a median follow-up duration of 244 days, whereas 10 patients did not develop recurrence with a median follow-up duration of 504 days. M/P ratios but other potential prognostic markers were significantly higher in the recurrent patients ($0.72{\pm}0.14$) than recurrence-free patients ($0.54{\pm}0.23$) (p=0.038). M/P ratio only was found to predict recurrence by Cox multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 37.7, 95% confidence interval 2.01-706.1, p=0.016). The 11 patients with lower M/P ratio of <0.61 had significantly better disease-free survival rate than the 13 patients with higher M/P ratio (${\geq}0.61$) (p=0.026). Conclusion: maxSUV ratio of HM over primary tumor (M/P ratio) may be useful for prognosis prediction of CRC patients with HM. Higher FDG uptake of HM than that of primary tumor may indicate a more advanced status in stage IV CRC.