• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.178-186
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• 2013

Objective: Human enteroviruses (HEVs) are a common causative agent of gastrointestinal or respiratory infections. In this study, to examine the genotypic diversity and characteristics of HEVs associated with patients in Seoul, we collected and analyzed stool and throat swab samples taken from patients with acute gastroenteritis or a common cold from 2011 to 2012. We researched the difference in genetic characteristics of HEVs from gastroenteritis and respiratory patients. Methods: For genetic analysis, we amplified the 5'-noncoding region and partial VP1 region of HEVs by RT-PCR. The genotypes of HEVs were further identified based on nucleotide sequences of the VP1 region. Results: The majority of the HEV infections in Seoul occurred from June to August. The molecular characteristic assay showed that although the majority of HEVs can be propagated by a fecal-oral route, Coxsackievirus A2 (n=13, 19.4%), A4 (n=8, 11.9%), and A5 (n=4, 6.0%) can be preferentially transmitted by a respiratory route. Conclusions: This Enterovirus surveillance system plays an important role in preparing for a severe outbreak. The genotypic characteristics of HEV may provide potentially useful data needed for epidemiological studies.

• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.23-26
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• 2015

The purpose of present study is to analysis the Characteristics of fuel economy and Green house gases due to the driving mode conditions of The hybrid electric vehicle(HEV). HEVs are divided into mild and power types according to the their functions. mild type HEVs are inexpensive because they do not need to implement a pure electric mode. Power type HEVs are more expensive but has also better fuel efficiency. In the present paper, the test results for the gasoline vehicle using FTP-75 mode and HWFET are present.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2018

The helicase genes and hypervariable regions (HVRs) of three avian hepatitis E viruses (HEVs) detected at three different farms were sequenced and characterized. Two isolates (DW-L and GI-B2) were classified as genotype 2 and one isolate (GR-B) was classified as genotype 1. A phylogenetic tree, based on the helicase gene and HVR nucleotide sequences, revealed the newly detected viruses and other avian HEVs were classified similarly. Unlike previously reported avian HEVs, the DW-L isolate detected in broiler breeders with characteristic lesions of avian HEV had no proline-rich motif in its HVR, suggesting that the proline-rich motif is non-essential for viral replication and infection.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2015

Hybrid Electric Vehicles(HEVs) have seriously come into prevalence recently as car manufacturers and consumers have become more aware of the environmental and economic problems of conventional vehicles. For the alternative power-train and battery cooling systems in HEVs, an effective thermal management system is required, and many automakers are interested in using Brushless DC(BLDC) motors for cooling fans for the overall traction unit's performance and energy saving capability. This paper presents the development status of BLDC motors as major parts of the power-train, i.e. the engine cooling and battery cooling fans of HEVs. A design that uses BLDC motors for the power-train and each battery cooling fan, is successfully implemented through using electro-magnetic analysis, and prototype BLDC motors are examined. As experimental results, the BLDC motors achieved an efficiency of 85% as engine cooling fans and 72% as a battery thermal management fan motor. The electric cogging noise is significantly reduced by changing the skew of the slot pitch angle and optimizing the magnetic shape.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.20-20
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• 2004

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.773-779
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• 2011

In order to improve fuel economy and emissions, many studies of HEV have been conducted. However, most of these studies concentrate on parallel or power-split HEVs. Series-type HEVs have some advantages over parallel and power-split HEVs. One is that the engine is operated at high efficiency since the engine and the driveshaft are decoupled. Nevertheless, the optimization of the powertrain system of series HEV has not been specifically addressed. We conduct an optimization of the generation system of a series HEV based on the series HEV bus. The main objectives are to simulate the system and to compare the fuel economies of conventional and optimized generation systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.813-820
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• 2016

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are developed to be operated with two kinds of power source (Diesel Engine and Electric Motor with Rechargeable High Voltage Battery Pack). HEVs for military vehicle require high reliability to provide stable powers under serious environment such as vibration and shock. To ensure normal operation of battery pack under serious environment such as vibration and shock, the high voltage battery pack needs to have appropriate dynamic characteristics. This paper presents a design procedure for high voltage battery pack with such characteristics. An isolator design is proposed to reduce vibration and shock. Associated random vibration and shock response of the high voltage battery pack are simulated under conditions suggested by MIL specifications. Its dynamic characteristics and vibration and shock responses are validated with experiments.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.353-356
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• 2008

HEV(Hybrid Electrical Vehicle) is considered as one of the next generation vehicles. To develop the HEV, there must be a reliable simulator, by which the capacities of the power resources are tested, and the parameters of the HEV are optimized before developing the real model of the HEVs. This process can save the money for designing the HEV system and improve the system without experiments. Matlab Simulink is familiar to mechanical engineers and the program can simultaneously provide a system model and a controller in one program. Nowadays, the Simdriveline toolbox which is used for analysis a power-train system is applied to build a dynamic model for a HEV system. In this study, we make a HEV simulator with the Simdriveline toolbox and develop a controller. There are two simple strategies, applied to the controller. One strategy includes a power split ratio and a shift map which are created by user. Other strategy calculated an appropriate amount of resource's torque along specific results, and this is useful when users can't develop a fitting controller. The methodologies for configuring the simulator and its control system are presented in this paper.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2009

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) utilize electric power as well as a mechanical engine for propulsion; therefore the performance of HEV s can be directly influenced by the characteristics of the Energy Storage System (ESS). The ESS for HEVs generally requires high power performance, long cycle life and reliability, as well as cost effectiveness. So the Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS), which combines different kinds of storage devices, has been considered to fulfill both performance and cost requirements. To improve operating efficiency, cycle life, and cold cranking of the HESS, an advanced dynamic control regime with which pertinent storage devices in the HESS can be selectively operated based on their status was presented. Verification tests were performed to confirm the degree of improvement in energy efficiency. In this paper, an advanced HESS with improved an Battery Management System (BMS), which has optimal switching control function based on the estimated State of Charge (SOC), has been developed and verified.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• v.4B no.4
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• pp.157-169
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• 2004

Motor & generator operation at widely variable speeds is needed in various applications but hybrid and electric vehicle (HEV) stand out today, as quite a few companies are launching this year their mass production of HEVs. The quest for better starter-generators is far from ended, though. The present review paper unfolds a comparative critical evaluation of various starter-generators and their control for HEV. Induction, interior PM synchronous, transverse-flux PM synchronous, switched reluctance, together with claw-pole and biaxial excitation PM synchronous (BEGA) configurations with their control are all considered in system evaluations.